\nProteins<\/td>\n | Bodybuilding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n IV. Answer briefly :<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1. \nWhat is Radio Carbon Dating? \nAnswer: \nRadiocarbon dating is a method by which the age of fossil wood or animal is determined using the C-14 isotope.<\/p>\n Question 2. \nWhat are called Anaesthetics? How are they classified? \nAnswer: \nThe drugs which cause loss of sensation are called Anaesthetics. \nTypes of Anaesthetics<\/p>\n General anesthetics: They are the agents, which bring about loss of all modalities of sensation, particularly pain along with \u2018reversible\u2019 loss of consciousness. \nLocal anesthetics: They prevent the pain sensation in localised areas without affecting the degree of consciousness.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 3. \nWhat is the need for chemical fertilizers in crop fields? \nAnswer: \nThe need for chemical fertilizers In crop fields is to supply essential micro and macronutrients required for crop growth.<\/p>\n Question 4. \nWhat is Forensic chemistry related to? \nAnswer: \nForensic chemistry applies scientific principles, techniques, and methods to the investigation of crime.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V. Answer in detail :<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1. \nExplain the types of dyes based on their method of application. \nAnswer: \nDyes are classified in two ways, one, based on the method of application and others on their parent structure. \nBased on the method of application:<\/p>\n \n- Acid dyes: These are acidic in nature and used for dyeing animal fibres and synthetic fibres. These can be used for protein fibre such as wool and silk. E.g. Picric acid, Naphthol yellow-s<\/li>\n
- Basic dyes: These are basic dyes containing basic group (- NH2<\/sub>,- NHR, – NR2<\/sub>). They are used for dyeing animal fibres and plant fibres.<\/li>\n
- Mordant dyes or Indirect dyes: These dyes have a poor affinity for cotton fabrics and hence do not dye directly. They require pretreatment of the fibre with a mordant. Mordant (latin: mordere = to bite) is a substance which can be fixed to the fibre and then can be combined with the dye to form an insoluble complex called lake. Aluminium, chromium, and iron salts are widely used as mordants. E.g. alizarin.<\/li>\n
- Direct dyes: They have high affinity for cotton, rayon and other cellulose fibre. So they are applied directly as they fix firmly on the fabric. E.g. Congo red<\/li>\n
- Vat dyes: It can be used only on cotton and, not on silk and wool. This dyeing is a continuous process and is carried out in a large vessel called vat. So it is called as vat dye. E.g. Indigo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Question 2. \nName various food additives and explain their functions. \nAnswer: \n<\/p>\n VI. Higher Order Thinking Skills :<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1. \nBatteries that are used in mobile phone can be recharged. Likewise, can you recharge the batteries used in watches? justify your answer. \nAnswer: \nThe type of batteries used in watches is Primary cell. (Mercury-Oxide battery) \nThe type of batteries are used in mobile phone is Secondary cell. (Lithium -ion polymer battery) \nThe differences between primary and secondary cell are as follow:<\/p>\n \n\n\nPrimary Cell<\/td>\n | Secondary cell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n1. The chemical reaction of primary cell is irreversible.<\/td>\n | The chemical reaction is reversible.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n2. Hence it can not be recharged.<\/td>\n | Hence it can be recharged.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Question 2. \nSudha met with a fire accident. What kind of drug(s), she must take? \nAnswer: \nAnalgesics are to be administered to reduce the pain followed by antibiotics to prevent infection by microbes.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 3. \nThe soil pH of cropland is 5. What kind of fertilizers should be used in that land? \nAnswer:<\/p>\n \n- pH<\/sup> of 5 indicates the soil is Acidic.<\/li>\n
- So alkaline fertilizers should be used.
\n(e.g.,) Potash fertilizers, Nitrogen fertilizers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nIntext Activities<\/strong><\/p>\nACTIVITY – 1<\/span><\/p>\nWith the help of your teacher, construct the galvanic cell using lemon and potato. Identify their anode, cathode and electrolyte. \nAim: To construct a galvanic cell using lemon (or) potato \nMaterials required :<\/p>\n \n- A large fresh juicy lemon,<\/li>\n
- Zinc coated nail,<\/li>\n
- Small copper coin,<\/li>\n
- LED light,<\/li>\n
- Connecting wires<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Procedure :<\/p>\n \n- Insert the copper coin into the lemon.<\/li>\n
- Push a zinc-coated nail into the other side of the lemon.<\/li>\n
- The copper coin and zinc-coated nail are connected to a low voltage LED bulb.<\/li>\n
- Now observe the results, (happenings).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Observation:<\/p>\n \n- Copper coin acts as the cathode, zinc-coated nail acts as Anode. Lemon juice acts as an electrolyte.<\/li>\n
- We observe glow of LED light, which confirms the electricity to flow through the lemon.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Conclusion: Galvanic cell usifi^lpmon is constructed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 9th Science Guide Applied Chemistry Additional Important Questions and Answers<\/h3>\nI. Choose the correct answer :<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1. \nNanoparticles are unstable when they come in contact with ……………….. \n(a) air \n(b) Hydrogen \n(c) Oxygen \n(d) all the above \nAnswer: \n(c) Oxygen<\/p>\n Question 2. \nWhich is the incorrect statement in the following? \n(a) The structure of nano material is in between an atom and bulk material. \n(b) Nanomaterials exist in the corresponding bulk materials. \n(c) Nanomaterials have the extremely large surface area to volume ratio. \n(d) SEM is used analyse the surface properties of a nanoparticle with high resolution. \nAnswer: \n(b) Nanomaterials exist in the corresponding bulk materials<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 3. \nWhich anesthetic forms a toxic carbonyl chloride? \n(a) Nitrous oxide \n(b) Ether \n(c) Chloroform \n(d) Iodoform \nAnswer: \n(c) Chloroform<\/p>\n Question 4. \nParacetamol is a ……………. \n(a) Analgesic \n(b) Antiseptic \n(c) Antimalarial \n(d) Antipyretic \nAnswer: \n(c) Antipyretic<\/p>\n Question 5. \nThe antiseptic used for cleansing the wounds is ……………….. \n(a) Phenol \n(b) Iodoform \n(C) Ether \n(d) Hydrogen peroxide \nAnswer: \n(d) Hydrogen peroxide<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 6. \nAntimalarial drug obtained from Cinchona bark is …………………… \n(a) Quinine \n(b) Morphine. \n(e) Primaquine \n(d) Pyrimethamine \nAnswer: \n(a) Quinine<\/p>\n Question 7. \nThe drug that \u00a1s known as \u201cMiracle drug\u201d is …………………. \n(a) Chloroquinine \n(b) Penicillin \n(C) Aspirin. . \n(d) Par\u00e0cetamol \nAnswer: \n(b) Penicillin<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 8. \nIn Daniel cell, saturated solution of potassium chloride (KCl) acts as …………….. \n(a) Anode \n(b) Cathode \n(c) Salt bridge \n(d) Electrolyte \nAnswer: \n(c) Salt bridge<\/p>\n Question 9. \nThe process of purifying metals by electrolysis \u00a1s known as …………….. \n(a) Electroplating \n(b) Electrorefining \n(e) Electromanufacturing \n(d) None of these \nAnswer: \n(b) Electrorefining<\/p>\n Question 10. \nWhich one among the following statements is correct? \n(a) Galvanic cell converts electrical energy into chemical energy. \n(b) Reduction takes place at the anode. \n(c) Oxidation reaction takes place at the cathode. \n(d) None of these \nAnswer: \n(d) None of these<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 11. \nIsotopes are atoms with different number of ……………………… \n(a) protons \n(b) neutrons \n(c) electrons \n(d) None of these \nAnswer: \n(b) neutrons<\/p>\n Question 12. \nThe radioisotope used for location of blood clot and circulation disorders is ………………….. \n(a) Na – 24 \n(b) I – 131 \n(c) Fe – 59 \n(d) Co – 60 \nAnswer: \n(a) Na – 24<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 13. \nThe dye that can only be used on cotton is ……………………. \n(a) Mordant dye \n(b) Vat dye \n(c) Direct dye \n(d) Basic dye \nAnswer: \n(b) Vat dye<\/p>\n Question 14. \nWhich one of the following is a flavour enhancer? \n(a) Sodium nitrite \n(b) Sodium benzoate \n(c) Cyclamate \n(d) Monosodium Glutamate \nAnswer: \n(d) Monosodium Glutamate<\/p>\n Question 15. \nThe compound that gets redUced \u00a1n the alcohol test is …………………… \n(a) Silver nitrate \n(b) Sulphuric acid \n(C) Water \n(d) Potassium dichromate \nAnswer: \n(d) Potassium dichromate<\/p>\n <\/p>\n II. Fill in the blanks:<\/span><\/p>\n1. Nanotechnology deals with materials which are smaller than ………………….. \nAnswer: \n100 nanometres<\/p>\n 2. The metallic nanoparticles can be used as …………………. \nAnswer: \nVery active catalysts<\/p>\n 3. Nanoparticle substances are incorporated in fabrics to prevent ………………….. \nAnswer: \nthe growth of bacteria<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 4. The word “drug” is derived from the French word “droque” which means a ……………….. \nAnswer: \ndry herb<\/p>\n 5. …………… is the safest of the anesthetic drugs. \nAnswer: \nNitrus oxide<\/p>\n 6. The Analgesics are also called as ………………… \nAnswer: \nPain killer (or) Pain relievers<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 7. ………………. produce sleep and unconsciousness. \nAnswer: \nNarcotics<\/p>\n 8. Antiseptics are used internally to treat infections of the …………… and …………….. \nAnswer: \nIntestine, Bladder<\/p>\n 9. Malaria is a ……………… borne disease. \nAnswer: \nvector<\/p>\n 10. ………………. is used as an additive with other antimalarial drugs. \nAnswer: \nChloroquine<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 11. ……………. is extensively used for rheumatic fever, narrowing of the heart wall, bronchitis, and pneumonia. \nAnswer: \nPenicillin<\/p>\n 12. …………… is due to an imbalance in the acidity in the stomach. \nAnswer: \nBurning sensation<\/p>\n 13. The solution having ions is called ……………….. \nAnswer: \nElectrolyte<\/p>\n 14. …………….. is the loss of electrons. \nAnswer: \nOxidation<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 15. The process of depositing a thin layer of one metal over another metal by the process of electrolysis is called ……………………. \nAnswer: \nElectroplating<\/p>\n 16. When metals of a very high degree of purity are required,………………… is done. \nAnswer: \nElectrorefining<\/p>\n 17. The isotope used in Radiocarbon dating is ………………….. \nAnswer: \nC-14<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 18. The chromophore and auxochrome theory was proposed by …………………… \nAnswer: \nOtto Witt<\/p>\n 19. ……………… is one of the main criteria to be considered for the selection of crop (or) remediation of soil. \nAnswer: \nSoil pH<\/sup><\/p>\n20. Vitamin C is also powerful ……………….. that prevents food from oxidising. \nAnswer: \nAntioxidant<\/p>\n 21. ……………. is one of the most important evidence in crime investigation. \nAnswer: \nFingerprint<\/p>\n <\/p>\n III. Match the following:<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1.<\/p>\n \n\n\nName of the Drug<\/td>\n | Purpose<\/td>\n | Example<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n1. Antipyretics<\/td>\n | Kills the microorganism<\/td>\n | Chloroform<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n2. Anaesthetics<\/td>\n | Pain reliever<\/td>\n | Novalgin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n3. Antiseptics<\/td>\n | Reduction of fever<\/td>\n | paracetamol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n4. Analgesics<\/td>\n | Cure for malaria<\/td>\n | Quinine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n5. Antimalarial<\/td>\n | Loss of sensation<\/td>\n | Hydrogen peroxide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Answer:<\/p>\n \n\n\nName of the Drug<\/td>\n | purpose<\/td>\n | Example<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n1. Antipyretics<\/td>\n | Reduction of fever<\/td>\n | paracetamol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n2. Anaesthetics<\/td>\n | Loss of sensation<\/td>\n | Chloroform<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n3. Antiseptics<\/td>\n | Kills the microorganism<\/td>\n | Hydrogen peroxide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n4. Analgesics<\/td>\n | Pain reliever<\/td>\n | Novalgin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n5. Antimalarial<\/td>\n | Cure for malaria<\/td>\n | Quinine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Question 2.<\/p>\n \n\n\nColumn I<\/td>\n | Column II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nCathodic electrolyte<\/td>\n | Potassium chlorate (KClO3<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nAnodic electrolyte<\/td>\n | Potassium chloride (KCl)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nSalt bridge<\/td>\n | sulphate CuSO4<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nElectro manufacturing<\/td>\n | Zinc sulphate(ZnSO4<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Answer:<\/p>\n \n\n\nColumn I<\/td>\n | Column II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nCathodic electrolyte<\/td>\n | Copper sulphate CuSO4<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nAnodic electrolyte<\/td>\n | Zinc sulphate(ZnSO4<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nSalt bridge<\/td>\n | Potassium chloride (KCl)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nElectro manufacturing<\/td>\n | Potassium chlorate (KClO3<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n Question 3.<\/p>\n \n\n\nColumn I<\/td>\n | Column II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nPhosphorous-30<\/td>\n | Cancer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nIodine-131<\/td>\n | Pregnancy disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nCobalt-60<\/td>\n | Hyperthyroidism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nIron-59<\/td>\n | Blood disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nSodium-24<\/td>\n | Circulation disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Answer:<\/p>\n \n\n\nColumn I<\/td>\n | Column II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nPhosphorous-30<\/td>\n | Blood disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nIodine-131<\/td>\n | Hyperthyroidism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nCobalt-60<\/td>\n | Cancer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nIron-59<\/td>\n | Pregnancy disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nSodium-24<\/td>\n | Circulation disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Question 4.<\/p>\n \n\n\nColumn I<\/td>\n | Column II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nIndirect dyes<\/td>\n | Congo red<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nDirect dyes<\/td>\n | Alizarin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nVat dyes<\/td>\n | Methylene blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nBasic dyes<\/td>\n | Picric acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nAcid dyes<\/td>\n | Indigo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Answer:<\/p>\n \n\n\nColumn I<\/td>\n | Column II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nIndirect dyes<\/td>\n | Alizarin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nDirect dyes<\/td>\n | Congo red<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nVat dyes<\/td>\n | Indigo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nBasic dyes<\/td>\n | Methylene blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nAcid dyes<\/td>\n | Picric acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n IV. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement:<\/span><\/p>\n1. Nanoparticles are easy to synthesis, isolate, and apply. \nAnswer: \nFalse, \nCorrect statement: Nanoparticles are difficult to synthesis, isolate, and apply.<\/p>\n 2. When cancer occurs, cells are reproduced in a controlled manner. \nAnswer: \nFalse. \nCorrect statement: When cancer occurs, cells are reproduced in an uncontrolled manner.<\/p>\n 3. General anaesthetics cause pain along with ‘reversible’ loss of consciousness \nAnswer: \nFalse. \nCorrect statement: General anaesthetics relieve pain along with reversible loss of consciousness.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 4. Malaria decreases body temperature. \nAnswer: \nFalse. \nCorrect statement: Malaria increases the body temperature<\/p>\n 5. High concentration of antibiotics is needed for Effective action. \nAnswer: \nFalse. . \nCorrect statement: Low concentration of antibiotics is needed for effective action.<\/p>\n 6. Antacids provide relief from burning sensation in the stomach. \nAnswer: \nTrue,<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 7. In Daniel’s cell, Zinc metal acts as the cathode, and Copper metal acts as Anode. \nAnswer: \nFalse. \nCorrect statement: In Daniel’s cell, Zinc metal acts as Anode, and Copper metal acts as Cathode.<\/p>\n 8. Radioisotopes can be easily detected and estimated quantitatively. \nAnswer: \nTrue.<\/p>\n 9. Dyes are aromatic compounds originated from plants and insects. \nAnswer: \nTrue.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 10. Dye should be fast to light. \nAnswer: \nTrue.<\/p>\n 11. Vinegar is used as an antioxidant. \nAnswer: \nFalse. \nCorrect statement: Vinegar is used as a preservative.<\/p>\n 12. Reduction of alcohol results in oxidation of dichromate to chromic ion. \nAnswer: \nFalse. \nCorrect statement: Oxidation of alcohol results in a reduction of dichromate to chromic ion<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V. Assertion and Reason type:<\/span><\/p>\nMark the correct choice as: \n(a) If both assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. \n(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. \n(c) If assertion is true but reason is false. \n(d) If assertion is false but reason is true.<\/p>\n Question 1. \nAssertion (A) : Nanoparticles interact with impurities. \nReason (R) : Nanoparticles are less reactive. \nAnswer: \n(c) Assertion is true but the reason is false \nReason (R) : Nanoparticles are highly reactive.<\/p>\n Question 2. \nAssertion (A) : Antiseptic is a substance that prevents infections caused by disease-causing pathogens. \nReason (R) : Antiseptics either kill the microorganism or prevent their growth. \nAnswer: \n(a) Both assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 3. \nAssertion (A) : After eating fruits (or) vegetables, one may feel uncomfortable due to a burning sensation. \nReason (R) : Burning sensation is due to an imbalance in the acidity of the stomach. \nAnswer: \n(d) Assertion is false but the reason is true \nAssertion (A) : After eating oily and spicy foods, one may feel uncomfortable due to a burning sensation.<\/p>\n Question 4. \nAssertion (A) : Metals like iron are electroplated with chromium. \nReason (R) : Electroplating is done to protect chromium from rusting. \nAnswer: \n(c) Assertion is true but reason is false \nReason (R) : Electroplating is done to protect iron from rusting.<\/p>\n Question 5. \nAssertion (A) : It is possible to detect alcohol drunken drivers. \nDetection is done through the electrochemical redox reaction of alcohol. \nAnswer: \n(a) Both assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 6. \nAssertion (A) : Our retinal print can be forged. \nReason (R) : Our retinal print is unique. \nAnswer: \n(d) Assertion is false but reason is true \nAssertion ( A) : Our retinal print cannot be forged.<\/p>\n VI. Very short answer type :<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1. \nWhat are the specific qualities of nanoparticles? \nAnswer:<\/p>\n | | | | | | | | | | | | | |