{"id":25087,"date":"2024-10-15T11:21:09","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T05:51:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/?p=25087"},"modified":"2024-10-16T09:51:37","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T04:21:37","slug":"samacheer-kalvi-12th-bio-botany-guide-chapter-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/samacheer-kalvi-12th-bio-botany-guide-chapter-10\/","title":{"rendered":"Samacheer Kalvi 12th Bio Botany Guide Chapter 10 Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Bio Botany Guide<\/a> Pdf Chapter 10 Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.<\/p>\n

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Bio Botany Solutions Chapter 10 Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany<\/h2>\n

12th Bio Botany Guide Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Text Book Back Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

I. Choose the correct answer :<\/span><\/p>\n

Question 1.
\nConsider the following statements and choose the right option.
\ni) Cereals are members of grass family
\nii) Most of the food grains come from monocotyledon
\na) (i) is correct and (ii) is wrong
\nb) Both (i) and (ii) are correct
\nc) (i) is wrong and (ii) is correct
\nd) Both (i) and (ii) are wrong
\nAnswer:
\nb) Both (i) and (ii) are correct<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nAssertion: Vegetables are important part of healthy eating.
\nReason : Vegetables are succulent structures of plants with pleasant aroma and flavours.
\na) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong
\nb) Assertion is wrong, Reason is correct
\nc) Both are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
\nd) Both are correct and reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
\nAnswer:
\na) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nGroundnut is native of ……………..
\na) Philippines
\nb) India
\nc) North America
\nd) Brazil
\nAnswer:
\nd) Brazil
\n\"<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nStatement A : Coffee contains caffeine
\nStatement B : Drinking coffee enhances cancer
\na) A is correct, B is wrong
\nb) A and B – both are correct
\nc) A is wrong, B is correct
\nd) A and B – both are wrong
\nAnswer:
\na) A is correct, B is wrong<\/p>\n

Question 5.
\nTectona grandis is coming under family.
\na) Lamiaceae
\nb) Fabaceae
\nc) Dipterocaipaceae
\nd) Ebenaceae
\nAnswer:
\na) Lamiaceae<\/p>\n

\"<\/p>\n

Question 6.
\nTamarindus indica is indigenous to ……………..
\na) Tropical African region
\nb) South India, Sri Lanka
\nc) South America, Greece
\nd) India alone
\nAnswer:
\na) Tropical African region<\/p>\n

Question 7.
\nNew world species of cotton
\na) Gossipium arboretum
\nb) G. herbaceum
\nc) Both a and b
\nd) G.barbadense
\nAnswer:
\nd) G. barbadense<\/p>\n

\"<\/p>\n

Question 8.
\nAssertion : Turmeric fights various kinds of cancer.
\nReason : Curcumin is an anti-oxidant present in turmeric.
\na) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong
\nb) Assertion is wrong, Reason is correct
\nc) Both are correct
\nd) Both are wrong
\nAnswer:
\nc) Both are correct<\/p>\n

Question 9.
\nFind out the correctly matched pair.
\na) Rubber – Shorea robusta
\nb) Dye – Lawsonia inermis
\nc) Timber – Cyperus papyrus
\nd) Pulp – Hevea brasiliensis
\nAnswer:
\nb) Dye : Lawsonia inermis<\/p>\n

Question 10.
\nObserve the following statements and pick out the right option from the following.
\nStatement I : Perfumes are manufactured from essential oils.
\nStatement II : Essential oils are formed at different parts of the plants.
\na) Statement I is correct
\nb) Statement II is correct
\nc) Both statements are correct
\nd) Both statements are wrong
\nAnswer:
\nc) Both statements are correct<\/p>\n

\"<\/p>\n

Question 11.
\nObserve the following statements and pick out the right option from the following.
\nStatement I : The drug sources of Siddha include plants, animal parts, ores and minerals.
\nStatement II: Minerals are used for preparing drugs with long shelf-life.
\na) Statement I is correct
\nb) Statement II is correct
\nc) Both statements are correct
\nd) Both statements are wrong
\nAnswer:
\nBoth statements are correct<\/p>\n

Question 12.
\nThe active principle trans-tetra hydro canabial is present in
\na) Opium
\nb) Curcuma
\nc) Marijuana
\nd) Andrographis
\nAnswer:
\nc) Marijuana<\/p>\n

Question 13.
\nWhich one of the following matches is correct?
\na) Palmyra – Native of Brazil
\nb) Saccharun – Abundant in Kanyakumari
\nc) Stevecide – Natural sweetener
\nd) Palmyra sap – Fermented to give ethanol
\nAnswer:
\nc) Stevecide – Natural sweetener<\/p>\n

\"<\/p>\n

Question 14.
\nThe only cereal that has originated and domesticated from the New world.
\na) Oryza sativa
\nb) Triticum asetumn
\nc) Triticum duram
\nd) Zea mays
\nAnswer:
\nd) Zea mays<\/p>\n

Question 15.
\nWrite the cosmetic uses of Aloe.
\nAnswer:
\nAloe gel are used as skin tonic. It has a cooling effect and moisturizing characteristics and hence used in preparation of creams, lotions, shampoos, shaving creams, after shave lotions and allied products. It is used in gerontological applications for rejuvenation of aging skin. Products prepared from aloe leaves have multiple properties such as emollient, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and antiseptic. Aloe vera gel is used in skin care cosmetics.<\/p>\n

\"<\/p>\n

Question 16.
\nWhat is pseudo cereal? Give an example.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • These are foods that are prepared and eaten as whole grain. Eg. quinoa (\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bc8) is a seed from Chenopodium quinoa plant. It belongs Amaranthaceae family.<\/li>\n
  • It is gluten free, whole grain carbohydrate.<\/li>\n
  • It is a whole protein with a essential amino acids.<\/li>\n
  • Taken for 6000 years in Andes hills.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Question 17.
    \nDiscuss which wood is better for making furniture.
    \nAnswer:
    \nTeak wood is the ideal type of wood for making household furnitures because, it is highly durable and shows great resistance against the attack of termites and fungi. Moreover it doesnot split or crack and is a carpenter friendly wood.<\/p>\n

    \"<\/p>\n

    Question 18.
    \nA person got irritation while applying chemical dye. What would be your suggestion for alternative?
    \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Henna is the best alternative dye.<\/li>\n
    • It is in North Africa, South west Asia. It is in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajesthan.<\/li>\n
    • Orange dye henna is from leaves and shoots of
      \nLawsonia inermis.<\/li>\n
    • Principal colouring matter is ‘lacosone’<\/li>\n
    • It is harmless causing no skin irritation.<\/li>\n
    • It is u sed to dye skin, hair and finger nails.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Question 19.
      \nName the humors that are responsible for the health of human beings.
      \nAnswer:
      \nVatam, Pittam and Kapam.<\/p>\n

      Question 20.
      \nGive definitions for organic farming?
      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Alternative agricultural system.<\/li>\n
      • Plants and crops are cultivated in natural ways, by using biological inputs.<\/li>\n
      • It helps to maintain soil fertility and ecological balance.<\/li>\n
      • It minimizes pollution, wastage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \"<\/p>\n

        Question 21.
        \nWhich is called the “King of Bitters”? Mention their medicinal importance.
        \nAnswer:
        \nAndrographis paniculata is called as King of Bitters. Andrographis is a potent hepatoprotective agent and is widely used to treat liver disorders. Concoction of Andrographis paniculata and eight other herbs (Nilavembu Kudineer) is effectively used to treat malaria and dengue.<\/p>\n

        Question 22.
        \nDifferentiate Bio-medicines and botanical medicines.
        \nAnswer:
        \nBio-medicines: Medicinally useful molecules obtained from plants are marketed as drugs. These are called bio-medicines.
        \nBotanical Medicines: Medicinal plants are marketed as powders or in other modified forms. They are called Botanical medicines.<\/p>\n

        Question 23.
        \nWrite the origin and area of cultivation of green gram and red gram.
        \nAnswer:
        \nOrigin and area of cultivation of Green Gram.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Native of India<\/li>\n
        • Archaeological evidence is in Maharashtra.<\/li>\n
        • Cultivated in Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Origin and area of cultivation of Red Gram<\/p>\n

            \n
          • The only pulse native of South India.<\/li>\n
          • Grown in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh,
            \nMadhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \"<\/p>\n

            Question 24.
            \nWhat are millets? What are its types? Give example for each type.
            \nAnswer:
            \nMillet’s: Small seeds cultivated by ancient people of Africa, Asia. Gluten-free with the less glycemic index.<\/p>\n

            Finger Millet (Ragi) (Eleusine coracana)
            \nCame to India from East Africa. It is rich in calcium.’<\/p>\n

            Uses:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Staple food in South Indian hills.<\/li>\n
            • Made into porridge, gruel.<\/li>\n
            • Ragi malt is a nutrient drink.<\/li>\n
            • Source of fermented beverages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Sorghum vulgare.
              \nNative of Africa. Major millet of the world with calcium, iron
              \nUses:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Feed to poultry, birds, pigs, cattle<\/li>\n
              • Alcoholic beverage source.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Fox tail Millet (Setariaitalica)
                \nOldest traditional millet of India. Domesticated in China about 6000 years.
                \nUses: Strengthens heart, eye sight, lactation.<\/p>\n

                Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum)
                \nFrom West Africa.
                \nUses:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Flour for pudding<\/li>\n
                • Diuretic, cures constipation.<\/li>\n
                • Reduce obesity, blood sugar, blood pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Question 25.
                  \nIf a person drinks a cup of coffee daily it will help him for his health. Is this correct? If it is correct, list out the benefits.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \nBenefits of Coffee:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Stimulates central nervous system.<\/li>\n
                  • Mild diuretic<\/li>\n
                  • Enhances acetyl choline release in brain.<\/li>\n
                  • Enhances efficiency.<\/li>\n
                  • Lower fatty liver diseases, cirrhosis, cancer.<\/li>\n
                  • Reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \"<\/p>\n

                    Question 26.
                    \nEnumerate the uses of turmeric.
                    \nAnswer:
                    \nTurmeric is one of the most important and ancient Indian spices and used traditionally over thousands of years for culinary, cosmetic, dyeing and for medicinal purposes. It is an important constituent of curry powders. Turmeric is used as a colouring agent in pharmacy, confectionery and food industry. Rice coloured with turmeric (yellow) is considered sacred and auspicious which is used in ceremonies. It is also used for dyeing leather, fibre, paper and toys.<\/p>\n

                    Curcumin extracted from turmeric is responsible for the yellow colour. Curcumin is a very good anti-oxidant which may help fight various kinds of cancer. It has anti-inflammatory, anti- \u2018 diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral activities. It stops platelets from clotting in arteries, which leads to heart attack.<\/p>\n

                    Question 27.
                    \nWhat is TSM? How does it classify and what does it focus on?
                    \nAnswer:
                    \nTraditional System of Medicines (TSM)
                    \nIt is classified into<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Institutionalized (documented) system<\/li>\n
                    2. Non-institutionalized (oral) system<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Institutionalized system:<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • It includes Siddha, Ayurvedha<\/li>\n
                      • It is practiced for 2000 years.<\/li>\n
                      • Text with symptoms, diagnosis, drugs, preparation of drugs, dosage, diet regimen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Non-Institutionalized system:<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Do not have any records<\/li>\n
                        • Practiced by rural, tribal people of India.<\/li>\n
                        • Knowledge is in oral form.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Focus of TSM:<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Healthy lifestyle<\/li>\n
                          • A healthy diet for good health<\/li>\n
                          • Disease reversal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Siddha system<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • Siddha is the most popular, widely practiced and culturally accepted systm in Tamil Nadu.<\/li>\n
                            • Siddha is principally based on the pancabute philosophy<\/li>\n
                            • This system specializes in using minerals for preparing drugs with a long shelf-life.<\/li>\n
                            • This system uses about 800 herbs as source of drugs.<\/li>\n
                            • Great stress is laid on disease prevention, health promotion, rejuvenation and cure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              Ayurveda system:<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • Ayurveda supposed to have originated from Brahma.<\/li>\n
                              • The core knowledge is documented by charaka, sushruta and vagbhata in compendiums written by them.<\/li>\n
                              • This system uses more of herbs and few animal parts as drug sources.<\/li>\n
                              • Plant sources include a good propertion of Himalayan plants.<\/li>\n
                              • The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India lists about 500 plants used as source of drugs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Folk system of medicine<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • Major tribal communities in Tamil Nadu who are known for their medicinal knowledge indued Irulas, Malayalis, Kurumbas, paliyans and kaanis.<\/li>\n
                                • Folk system survive as oral traditions among innumerable rural and tribal communities of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  \"<\/p>\n

                                  Question 28.
                                  \nWrite the uses of nuts you have studied.
                                  \nAnswer:
                                  \nCashews are commonly used for garnishing sweets or curries, or ground into a paste that forms a base of sauces for curries or some sweets. Roasted and raw kernels are used as snacks.<\/p>\n

                                  Question 29.
                                  \nGive an account of the role of Jasminum in perfuming.
                                  \nAnswer:
                                  \nRole of Jasminum in perfuming:<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • Used in India for worship, ceremonial purposes, incense, fumigants.<\/li>\n
                                  • For making perfumed hair oil, cosmetics and soaps.<\/li>\n
                                  • Essential oil for soothing relaxing, antidepressant qualities.<\/li>\n
                                  • Blends with other perfumes.<\/li>\n
                                  • Used in modern perfumery and cosmetics.<\/li>\n
                                  • Popular in air fresheners, antiperspirants, talcum powder, shampoo, and deodorants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    Rose:
                                    \nThe average oil yield is a little less than 0.5 g from lOOOg of flowers.
                                    \nUses:<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • Rose oil is largely used in perfumes, scenting
                                      \nsoaps, flovouring soft drinks, liqueurs, and certain types of tobacco, particularly snuff of chewing tobacco.<\/li>\n
                                    • In India, water is much used in eye lotions
                                      \nand eyewashes.<\/li>\n
                                    • Rosewater (panner) containing much of phenyl ethyl alcohol and other compounds in dissolved confectioneries syrups and soft drinks.<\/li>\n
                                    • In addition, it is sprinkled on guests as a ceremonial welcome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                      Question 30.
                                      \nGive an account of active principle and medicinal values of any two plants you have studied.
                                      \nAnswer:
                                      \nA) Medical importance of Keezhanelli (Phyllanthus amarus):
                                      \nActive principle: Phyllanthus is a major chemical component.
                                      \nMedical Importance:<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • Hepatoprotective.<\/li>\n
                                      • Used in Tamil Nadu for jaundice treatment.<\/li>\n
                                      • Effective against hepatitis B virus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                        B) Nilavembu (Andrographis paniculata) (King of Bitters)
                                        \nActive principle: Andrographolides.
                                        \nMedicinal Importance:<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        • Potent hepatoprotective<\/li>\n
                                        • Treats liver disorders.<\/li>\n
                                        • A concoction of Andrographis + 8 herbs
                                          \n(Nilavembu Kudineer) treats malaria, dengue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                          Question 31.
                                          \nWrite the economic importance of rice.
                                          \nAnswer:
                                          \nRice is the easily digestible calorie rich cereal food which is used as a staple food in Southern and North East India. Various rice products such as Flaked rice (Aval), Puffed rice \/ parched rice (Pori) are used as breakfast cereal or as snack food in different parts of India. Rice bran oil obtained from the rice bran is used in culinary and industrial purposes. Husks are used as fuel, and in the manufacture of packing material and fertilizer.<\/p>\n

                                          Question 32.
                                          \nWhich TSM is widely practiced and culturally accepted in Tamil Nadu? explain.
                                          \nAnswer:
                                          \nSiddha system of Medicine:<\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          • It is widely practiced and culturally accepted in Tamil Nadu.<\/li>\n
                                          • Based on text of 18siddhars.<\/li>\n
                                          • Knowledge is documented as Tamil poems.<\/li>\n
                                          • Based on Pancabuta philosophy.<\/li>\n
                                          • Vatam, Pittam, Kapam are 3 humors. They are responsible for the health.<\/li>\n
                                          • Drug sources are plant, animal parts, marine products, minerals.<\/li>\n
                                          • Minerals are used for preparing drugs with long self life.<\/li>\n
                                          • 800 herbs are source of drugs.<\/li>\n
                                          • Disease prevention, health promotion, rejuvenation and cure are important.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                            \"<\/p>\n

                                            Question 33.
                                            \nWhat are psychoactive drugs? Add a note of Marijuana and Opium.
                                            \nAnswer:
                                            \nPhytochemicals or drugs from some of the plants alter an individual’s perceptions of mind by producing hallucination are known as psychoactive drugs.<\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. Marijuana: Marijuana is obtained from Cannabis sativa. The active principle in Marijuana is trans – tetrahydrocannabinol (TCH). It is used as pain killer and reduce hypertension. It is also used in the treatment of Glaucoma, cancer radiotherapy and asthma, etc.<\/li>\n
                                            2. Opium: Opium is obtained from the exudates of the fruits of papaver somniferum (poppy plants). It is used to induce sleep and relieve pain. Opium yields morphine which is used as a strong analgesic in surgeries.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                              Question 34.
                                              \nWhat are the King and Queen of Spices? Explain about them and their uses.
                                              \nAnswer:
                                              \nQueen of Spices: Cardamom (Elettaria Cardamomum)<\/p>\n

                                              Origin and area of cultivation:<\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              • Indigenous to Southern India and Sri Lanka.<\/li>\n
                                              • Main cash crop in the Western Ghats, North-Eastern India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                Uses:<\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                • For flavouring confectionaries, Bakery products, beverages.<\/li>\n
                                                • Seeds are used in curry powder, pickles and cakes.<\/li>\n
                                                • Medicinally, a stimulant and carminative (a drug for flatulence)<\/li>\n
                                                • Chewed as mouth fresheners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                  King of Spices: Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)<\/p>\n

                                                  Origin and area of cultivation:<\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  • Indigenous to western ghats.<\/li>\n
                                                  • Black gold of India.<\/li>\n
                                                  • Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are top producers in India.<\/li>\n
                                                  • Pungency is due to alkaloid piperine.<\/li>\n
                                                  • 2 types (Black pepper, white pepper)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                    Uses:<\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    • Flavouring sauce, soup, curry, and pickles<\/li>\n
                                                    • Aromatic stimulant for salivary gastric secretions as a stomachic.<\/li>\n
                                                    • Pepper enhances the absorption of medicines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 35.
                                                      \nHow will you prepare an organic pesticide for your home garden with the vegetables available from your kitchen?
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nPreparation of Organic Pesticide:<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 1: Mix 120 g of hot chilies with 110 g of garlic or onion. Chop them thoroughly.<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 2: Blend the vegetables together manually or using an electric grinder until it forms a thick paste.<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 3: Add the vegetable paste to 500 ml of warm water. Give the ingredients a stir to thoroughly mix them together.<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 4: Pour the solution into a glass container and leave it undisturbed for 24 hours. If possible, keep the container in a sunny location. If not, at least keep the mixture in a warm place.<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 5: Strain the mixture. Pom- the solution through a strainer, remove the vegetables and collect the vegetable-infused water and pour into another container. This filtrate is the pesticide. Either discard the vegetables or use it as a compost.<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 6: Pour the pesticide into a squirt bottle. Make sure that the spray bottle has first been cleaned with warm water and soap to get rid it of any potential contaminants. Use a funnel to transfer the liquid into the squirt bottle and replace the nozzle.<\/p>\n

                                                      Step 7: Spray your plants with the pesticide. Treat the infected plants every 4 to 5 days with the solution. After 3 or 4 treatments, the pest will be eliminated. If the area is thoroughly covered with the solution, this pesticide should keep bugs away for the rest of the season.<\/p>\n

                                                      12th Bio Botany Guide Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Additional Important Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

                                                      I. Choose the correct answer :<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      Question 1.
                                                      \nStaple food of North India is ………………….
                                                      \na) Sorghum
                                                      \nb) Millet
                                                      \nc) Paddy
                                                      \nd) Wheat
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Wheat<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 2.
                                                      \nFolk system of medicine is popular in ………………
                                                      \na) Nigeria
                                                      \nb) USA
                                                      \nc) India
                                                      \nd) UK
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) India<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 3.
                                                      \nState not growing black gram
                                                      \na) Uttar Pradesh
                                                      \nb) Tamil Nadu
                                                      \nc) Chattisgarh
                                                      \nd) Karnataka
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Tamil Nadu<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 4.
                                                      \nThe very common rubber yielding plant of Tamilnadu is ……………………
                                                      \na) Manihot esculenta
                                                      \nb) Ficus elastica
                                                      \nc) Hevea benthamiana
                                                      \nd) Hevea brasiliensis
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Hevea brasiliensis<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 5.
                                                      \nNot a major cultivar mango in India
                                                      \na) Alphonsa
                                                      \nb) Neelam
                                                      \nc) Malgova
                                                      \nd) Salem Mango
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Salem Mango<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 6.
                                                      \nToddy is from ……………… tree
                                                      \na) Palmyra
                                                      \nb) Coconut
                                                      \nc) Mango
                                                      \nd) Sugar cane
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Palmyra<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 7.
                                                      \nChillies are a good source of:
                                                      \na) Vitamin A, C and E
                                                      \nb) Vitamin K
                                                      \nc) Vitamin D
                                                      \nd) Vitamin B complex and Vitamin D
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Vitamin A, C and E<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 8.
                                                      \nGingeelly or sesame is originated in ……………………..
                                                      \na) Asia
                                                      \nb) Africa
                                                      \nc) China
                                                      \nd) Europe
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Africa<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 9.
                                                      \nCoffee is native of ……………….
                                                      \na) Nigeria
                                                      \nb) Cuba
                                                      \nc) Ethiopia
                                                      \nd) Egypt
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) Ethiopia<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 10.
                                                      \nIndia is the largest producer of
                                                      \na) Chilly
                                                      \nb) Tamarind
                                                      \nc) Turmeric
                                                      \nd) Pepper
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) Turmeric<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 11.
                                                      \nWorld’s largest turmeric market is in ………………. of Tamil Nadu
                                                      \na) Coimbatore
                                                      \nb) Erode
                                                      \nc) Madurai
                                                      \nd) Nagercoil
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Erode<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 12.
                                                      \nAsia contributes …………… % of latex in world production.
                                                      \na) 80
                                                      \nb) 90
                                                      \nc) 70
                                                      \nd) 50
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) 90<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 13.
                                                      \n……………….. is the largest producer of latex
                                                      \na) Kerala
                                                      \nb) Karnataka
                                                      \nc) Andhra
                                                      \nd) Delhi
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Kerala<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 14.
                                                      \n…………….. is native of Sudan
                                                      \na) Henna
                                                      \nb) Aloe
                                                      \nc) Jasmine
                                                      \nd) Turmeric
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Aloe<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 15.
                                                      \nThovalai of Tamil Nadu produces ………………..
                                                      \na) Aloe
                                                      \nb) Tamarind
                                                      \nc) Turmeric
                                                      \nd) Jasmine
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Jasmine<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 16.
                                                      \nPaste of this plant is used in bone fracture
                                                      \na) Ocimum
                                                      \nb) Phyllanthus
                                                      \nc) Cissus
                                                      \nd) Acalypha
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) Cissus<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 17.
                                                      \nFind the Matching Pair
                                                      \na) Ocimum – Antiseptic
                                                      \nb) Phyllanthus – Ringworm disease
                                                      \nc) Acalypha – Immune modulator
                                                      \nd) Aegle marmelos – Bone fracture
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Ocimum – Antiseptic<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 18.
                                                      \nCapsaicin is in ……………..
                                                      \na) Chilly
                                                      \nb) Pepper
                                                      \nc) tea
                                                      \nd) coffee
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Chilly<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 19.
                                                      \nVeldt grape is the common name of …………….
                                                      \na) Ocimum
                                                      \nb) I\u2019hyllanthus
                                                      \nc) Acalypha
                                                      \nd) Cissus
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Cissus<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 20.
                                                      \nFind the Mismatching Pair
                                                      \na) Pappaver somniferum – Opium
                                                      \nb) Cannabis sativa – Marijuana
                                                      \nc) Phyllanthus amarus – Keezhanelli
                                                      \nd) Andrographis paniculata – Turmeric
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Andrographis paniculata – Turmeric<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 21.
                                                      \nMatch<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                      A. Rice<\/td>\n1. East Africa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                      B. Wheat<\/td>\n2. Africa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                      C. Ragi<\/td>\n3. Crescent Region<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                      D. Sorghum<\/td>\n4. South East Asia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                      a) A-4, B-3, C-l, D-2
                                                      \nb) A-l, B-2, C-3, D-4
                                                      \nc) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-l
                                                      \nd) A-2, B-l, C-4, D-3
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) A-4, B-3, C-l, D-2<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 22.
                                                      \nVigna mungo is the botanical name of ………………..
                                                      \na) Black gram
                                                      \nb) Red gram
                                                      \nc) Green gram
                                                      \nd) Brown gram
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Black gram<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 23.
                                                      \nMatch<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                      A. Sesamum indicum<\/td>\n1. Sugar cane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                      B. Arachis hypogea<\/td>\n2. Palmyra<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                      C. Borassus flabellifer<\/td>\n3. Peanut<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                      D. Saccharum officinarum<\/td>\n4. Gingelly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                      a) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-l
                                                      \nb) A-l, B-2, C-3, D-4
                                                      \nc) A-2, B-l, C-4, D-3
                                                      \nd) A-3, B-l, C-2, D-4
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-l<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 24.
                                                      \nWhich one of the following is an incorrect pair?
                                                      \na) Turmeric – Erode
                                                      \nb) Cardamom – Queen of spices
                                                      \nc) Rubber – Kerala
                                                      \nd) Banana – National fruit of India
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd)Banana – National fruit of India<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 25.
                                                      \nAssertion (A): Rice is the staple food for most of people in the world.
                                                      \nReason (R): It is easily digestible and calorie-rich food.
                                                      \na) (A) correct; (R) wrong
                                                      \nb) (A) wrong; (R) correct
                                                      \nc) (A) correct; (R) correct; but (R) does not explain (A)
                                                      \nd) (A) correct; (R) correct; (R) explains (A)
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) (A) correct; (R) correct; (R) explains (A)<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 26.
                                                      \n………………… is the largest consumer of coffee in India?
                                                      \na) Tamil Nadu
                                                      \nb) Andhra
                                                      \nc) Kerala
                                                      \nd) Karnataka
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Tamil Nadu<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 27.
                                                      \n………………… is the largest coffee producing estate in India
                                                      \na) Kerala
                                                      \nb) Karnataka
                                                      \nc) Tamil Nadu
                                                      \nd) Andhra
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Karnataka<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 28.
                                                      \nCurcumin is extracted from
                                                      \na) Turmeric
                                                      \nb) Chilly
                                                      \nc) Cardamom
                                                      \nd) Tamarind
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Turmeric<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 29.
                                                      \nVilvum belongs to ……………………
                                                      \na) Lamiaceae
                                                      \nb) Rutaceae
                                                      \nc) Vitaceae
                                                      \nd)Euphorbiaceae
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Rutaceae<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 30.
                                                      \nDr. Thyagarajan of university of Madras proved effect of Phyllanthus amarus against
                                                      \na) Hepatitis-B
                                                      \nb) Cirrhosis
                                                      \nc) Cancer
                                                      \nd) Typhoid
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Hepatitis-B<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 31.
                                                      \nWhich one of the following is highly effective against jaundice?
                                                      \na) Nilavembu
                                                      \nb) Opium poppy
                                                      \nc) Marijuana
                                                      \nd) Phyllanthus
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Phyllanthus<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 32.
                                                      \n……………… Are gluten free with less Glycemic indess
                                                      \na) pulses
                                                      \nb) gram
                                                      \nc) vegetables
                                                      \nd) millets
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) millets<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 33.
                                                      \n…………….. is native to tropical region of Africa.
                                                      \na) Sugar cane
                                                      \nb) Palmyra
                                                      \nc) Peanut
                                                      \nd) Sesame
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Palmyra<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 34.
                                                      \nNuts contain ……………. Oil
                                                      \na) 54%
                                                      \nb) 45%
                                                      \nc) 44%
                                                      \nd) 54%
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) 44%<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 35.
                                                      \nThe medicinal plant commonly known as “King of Bitters” is ……………………
                                                      \na) Nilavembu
                                                      \nb) Holy basil
                                                      \nc) Adathodai
                                                      \nd) Turmeric
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Nilavembu<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 36.
                                                      \nPungency of cayenne pepper is ……………….. Scoville Heat Units (SHU)
                                                      \na) 30,000 to 50,000
                                                      \nb) 1,349,000
                                                      \nc) 2,200,000
                                                      \nd) 1,200,000
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) 30,000 to 50,000<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 37.
                                                      \nFoxtail millet is domesticated in China ……………….. years ago
                                                      \na) 4000
                                                      \nb) 3000
                                                      \nc) 5000
                                                      \nd) 6000
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) 6000<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 38.
                                                      \nSetaria italica is the scientific name of ……………………
                                                      \na) kodo millet
                                                      \nb) foxtail millet
                                                      \nc) sorghum
                                                      \nd) finger millet
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) foxtail millet<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 39.
                                                      \nLady\u2019s finger is not grown in abundance in ……………..
                                                      \na) Tamil Nadu
                                                      \nb) Assam
                                                      \nc) Maharashtra
                                                      \nd) Gujarat
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Tamil Nadu<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 40.
                                                      \nWhich is the temperature region fruit?
                                                      \na) Mango
                                                      \nb) Jack
                                                      \nc) Banana
                                                      \nd) plum
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) Banana and d) plum<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 41.
                                                      \nThe following are the activities of entrepreneurship
                                                      \na) Mushroom cultivation
                                                      \nb) Single cell protein production
                                                      \nc) Organi farming
                                                      \nd) Above all
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Above all<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 42.
                                                      \n…………………. is a bio-pest repellent
                                                      \na) Tamarind
                                                      \nb) Chilly
                                                      \nc) Sesame
                                                      \nd) Neem
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Neem<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 43.
                                                      \nIndigenous to western ghats of India
                                                      \na) Black pepper
                                                      \nb) Cardamom
                                                      \nc) Turmeric
                                                      \nd) Red pepper
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Black pepper<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 44.
                                                      \nEndosperm of ………………… is a refreshing summer food
                                                      \na) Coconut
                                                      \nb) Groundnut
                                                      \nc) Gingelly
                                                      \nd) Palmyra
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) Palmyra<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 45.
                                                      \n……………….. Enhances salivary and gastric secretions
                                                      \na) Cardamom
                                                      \nb) Black pepper
                                                      \nc) Red pepper
                                                      \nd) Turmeric
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nb) Black pepper<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 46.
                                                      \n………………… is used in gerontological applications
                                                      \na) Aloe
                                                      \nb) Turmeric
                                                      \nc) Jasmine
                                                      \nd) Phyllanthus
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Aloe<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 47.
                                                      \nLacosone (Colouring Matter) is in ……………………
                                                      \na) Aloe
                                                      \nb) Jasminum
                                                      \nc) Henna
                                                      \nd) Turmeric
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nc) Henna<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 48.
                                                      \nPaper pulp is made from ………………
                                                      \na) Eucalyphis
                                                      \nb) Casuarina
                                                      \nc) Neolamarkia
                                                      \nd) all the above
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) all the above<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 49.
                                                      \nEco friendly packaging material is ……………………
                                                      \na) cotton
                                                      \nb) latex
                                                      \nc) wood pulp
                                                      \nd) jute
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nd) jute<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 50
                                                      \n……………….. is a ingredient of Ponga I of Tamil Nadu
                                                      \na) Green gram
                                                      \nb) Red gram
                                                      \nc) Black gram
                                                      \nd) Brown gram
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \na) Green gram<\/p>\n

                                                      II Two Marks<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      Question 1.
                                                      \nName the 3 grass species of food plants?
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nRice, Wheat, Maize.<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 2.
                                                      \nWhat are the nutrients provided by cereals?
                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                      \nCarbohydrates, proteins, fibres, vitamins and minerals.<\/p>\n

                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                      Question 3.
                                                      \nClassify cereals based on size? Give example.
                                                      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                      • Major Cereals. Eg. Rice, Wheat<\/li>\n
                                                      • Minor Cereals. Eg. Millet\u2019s, Sorghum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                        Question 4.
                                                        \nComment on Maida?
                                                        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                        • Processed wheat flour is called Maida.<\/li>\n
                                                        • It is used in making Parota, Naan and Bakery products.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                          Question 5.
                                                          \nExplain the rice products?
                                                          \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                          • Flaked rice (Aval)<\/li>\n
                                                          • Puffed rice (Pori) are used as breakfast cereal (or) snack food in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                            Question 6.
                                                            \nWhat are millet’s?
                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                            \nA variety of very small seeds. These were originally cultivated by ancient people in Africa. It is gluten free, less glycemic index.<\/p>\n

                                                            \"<\/p>\n

                                                            Question 7.
                                                            \nEnlist the uses of finger millet?
                                                            \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            • Rich in calcium<\/li>\n
                                                            • Staple food of south hilly regions in India.<\/li>\n
                                                            • Ragi is made into porridge and gruel.<\/li>\n
                                                            • Ragi malt is a nutrient drink<\/li>\n
                                                            • It is the source of fermented beverage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                              Question 8.
                                                              \nHow is Sorghum useful?
                                                              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                \n
                                                              • It is used to feed poultry, birds, pigs, cattle.<\/li>\n
                                                              • Source of fermented alcoholic beverage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                Question 9.
                                                                \nDiscuss the medicinal uses of Fox tail millet?
                                                                \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                  \n
                                                                • Strengthens heart<\/li>\n
                                                                • Improves eye sight<\/li>\n
                                                                • Thinai porridge is given to lactating mother.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                  Question 10.
                                                                  \nKodo Millet is medicinally useful – Discuss?
                                                                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                    \n
                                                                  • It is a good diuretic<\/li>\n
                                                                  • It cures constipation<\/li>\n
                                                                  • It reduces obesity, blood sugar, blood pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                    \"<\/p>\n

                                                                    Question 11.
                                                                    \nWhich is the only pulse native to southern India? Give it’s uses?
                                                                    \nAnswer:
                                                                    \nRed gram (Pigeon pea) Cajanus cajan is the only pulse native to south India.
                                                                    \nUses:<\/p>\n

                                                                      \n
                                                                    • Major ingredient of Sambar<\/li>\n
                                                                    • Roasted, salted, unsalted seeds are snacks.<\/li>\n
                                                                    • Young pods are cooked and consumed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                      Question 12.
                                                                      \nEnlist the nutrients in vegetables?
                                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                                      \nPotassium, fibre, folic acid, vitamin A, E, C<\/p>\n

                                                                      Question 13.
                                                                      \nMolecular farming plants are different from natural medicinial plants. How?
                                                                      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                      Molecular farming<\/td>\nNatural medicinal plants<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                      It is a bio-technological method of production of valuable pharmaceutical products from transgenete plants.<\/td>\nNatural method of extraction of medicine from cultivated medicinal plants.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                      Large scale production at cheaper cost bus need bi-technological experts<\/td>\nSimple but can’t produce on very large scale, due to lack of man power, at higher cost.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                                      Question 14.
                                                                      \nWhat are the major cultivating states of okra in Tamil Nadu?
                                                                      \nAnswer:
                                                                      \nCoimbatore, Dharmapuri, Vellore.<\/p>\n

                                                                      Question 15.
                                                                      \nClassify fruits based on the climatic region in which they grow?
                                                                      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                        \n
                                                                      • Temperate Eg. Apple, Pear, Plum<\/li>\n
                                                                      • Tropical fruits Eg. Mango, Jack, Banana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                        Question 16.
                                                                        \nWhich is the National fruit of India? Give its origin and area of cultivation?
                                                                        \nAnswer:
                                                                        \nMango (Mangifera Indica)
                                                                        \nOrigin and area of cultivation.<\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                        • Native of southern Asia, Burma and Eastern India.<\/li>\n
                                                                        • Mango producing states are Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat and Karnataka.<\/li>\n
                                                                        • Salem, Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri are major mango producing districts of Tamil Nadu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                          \"<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 17.
                                                                          \nName the Major Cultivars of Mango in India.
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nAlphonsa, Banganapalli, Neelam, Malgova.<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 18.
                                                                          \nWhich food is the source of antioxidants?
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nDry fruits with hard shell and edible kernel are nuts. They are the good source of health fat, fibre, protein, vitamin, mineral, antioxidants.<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 19.
                                                                          \nName the plants ideal for the extraction of commercial sugar?
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nSugar Cane, Palmyra<\/p>\n

                                                                          \"<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 20.
                                                                          \nWhat is sugar?
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nIt is the generic name for sweet tasting soluble carbohydrate. They are used in food, beverages.<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 21.
                                                                          \nGive the sources of sugar?
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nRoots of Sugar beet, Stems of Sugar cane, Fruits of Apple, Palmyra sap.<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 22.
                                                                          \nHow is cultivated Saccharum officinarum evolved?
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nBy repeated back crossing of Saccharum officinarum of new guinea with wild Saccharum Spontaneum.<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 23.
                                                                          \nToddy-Comment?
                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                          \nThe sap from Palmyra inflorescence is fermented to get toddy.<\/p>\n

                                                                          \"<\/p>\n

                                                                          Question 24.
                                                                          \nName the 2 kinds of oils?
                                                                          \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                            \n
                                                                          • Essential oil<\/li>\n
                                                                          • Vegetable, fatty oil<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                            Question 25.
                                                                            \nDefine Essential oil?
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nThey evaporate or volatilize in contact with air. So, they are called volatile oils.<\/p>\n

                                                                            Question 26.
                                                                            \nGive the sources of essential oils?
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nFlowers of jasmine, fruits of orange and roots of ginger.<\/p>\n

                                                                            Question 27.
                                                                            \nComment on vegetable oil?
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nThese are non-volatile oils or fixed oils. They do no evaporate. Eg. Whole seeds or endosperm are the sources.<\/p>\n

                                                                            \"<\/p>\n

                                                                            Question 28.
                                                                            \nWhat are spices?
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nAromatic plant products. They are of sweet or bitter taste. They give flavour and improve the palatability of food.<\/p>\n

                                                                            Question 29.
                                                                            \nComment on condiments?
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nFlavouring substances with sharp taste. They are added to food after cooking Eg. Curry leaves.<\/p>\n

                                                                            Question 30.
                                                                            \nDates of India – Discuss.
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nTamarindus is an Arabian word. It means dates of India (Tamar – Taste; Indus – India)<\/p>\n

                                                                            \"<\/p>\n

                                                                            Question 31.
                                                                            \nWrite any two uses of THC.
                                                                            \nAnswer:
                                                                            \nTHC is used in treating Glaucoma a condition in which pres\u0161ure develops in the eyes.<\/p>\n

                                                                              \n
                                                                            • THC is also used in reducing nausea of cancer patients under going radiation and chemotherapy.<\/li>\n
                                                                            • It is an effective pain reliever and reduces hypertension.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                              III. Three Marks<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                              Question 1.
                                                                              \nSuggest the 4 commercial cotton species?
                                                                              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                \n
                                                                              • G. hirsutum<\/li>\n
                                                                              • G. barbadense<\/li>\n
                                                                              • G. arboreum<\/li>\n
                                                                              • G. herbaceum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                Question 2.
                                                                                \nGive the uses of cotton?
                                                                                \nAnswer:
                                                                                \nManufacturing of textile, hosiery products, toys. UsedinFlospitals.<\/p>\n

                                                                                Question 3.
                                                                                \nName the 2 species of plants from which Jute is derived?
                                                                                \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                  \n
                                                                                • Corchorus capsularis (Indo – Burmese origin)<\/li>\n
                                                                                • Corchorus olitorius (African origin)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                  \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                  Question 4.
                                                                                  \nDefine Vulcanization?
                                                                                  \nAnswer:
                                                                                  \nHeating rubber with sulphur under pressure at 150\u00b0C. It overcomes defect in rubber articles. (Vulcan is the Roman god of fire)<\/p>\n

                                                                                  Question 5.
                                                                                  \nName the woods used for making paper pulp?
                                                                                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  • Wood of Melia azadirachta.<\/li>\n
                                                                                  • Neolamarkia chienensis<\/li>\n
                                                                                  • Cauarinaspe, Eucalyptus spe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                    Question 6.
                                                                                    \nDyeing is in use since that ancient times? Substantiate?
                                                                                    \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    • Authentic records of dyeing is in the tomb painting of ancient Egypt.<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • Colouring of mummy cements (wrapping) included saffron and indigo.<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • Found in rock paintings of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                      \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                      Question 7.
                                                                                      \nGive the significance of Henna?
                                                                                      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                        \n
                                                                                      • Orange dye henna is from the leaves and shoots of Lawsonia intermis.<\/li>\n
                                                                                      • The colouring matter Lacosone is harmless and causes no skin irritation.<\/li>\n
                                                                                      • This dye is used for skin, hair and finger nails.<\/li>\n
                                                                                      • It is used for colouring leather for tails of horses and in hair dyes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                        Question 8.
                                                                                        \nWhat do the south Indian people traditionally for skin and hair care?
                                                                                        \nAnswer:
                                                                                        \nPeople of South India use turmeric, green gram powder, henna, sigaikai and usilai for skin, hair care.<\/p>\n

                                                                                        Question 9.
                                                                                        \nWhat does the word’perfume’mean?
                                                                                        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                          \n
                                                                                        • ‘Perfume’ is a word derived from Latin.<\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Per (through) and fumus (to smoke) means through smoke.<\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Age old tradition of burning scented woods at religious ceremonies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                          Question 10.
                                                                                          \nGive an account of NCB?
                                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                                          \nThe Narcotics Control Bureau is the drug law enforcement and intelligence agency of India. It is responsible for drug trafficking and abuse of illegal substances.<\/p>\n

                                                                                          \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Question 11.
                                                                                          \nCan we create new business using plant resources?
                                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                                          \nEntrepreneurial botany is the study of new business created using plant resources.<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Question 12.
                                                                                          \nWhat is entrepreneurship?
                                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                                          \nDeveloping ideas to create new ventures among young people.<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Question 13.
                                                                                          \nWhat is the role of an Entrepreneur?
                                                                                          \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                            \n
                                                                                          • One who works to create a product or service that people will buy<\/li>\n
                                                                                          • He builds an organization to support the sales.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                            Question 14.
                                                                                            \nDiscuss about ‘Capsaicin’
                                                                                            \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                            • It is an active component of chillies.<\/li>\n
                                                                                            • It has pain relieving properties.<\/li>\n
                                                                                            • It gives pungency or spicy taste to chillies.<\/li>\n
                                                                                            • Pungency is measured in Scoville Heat Unit (SHU)<\/li>\n
                                                                                            • Eg. Naga piper is the hottest chilly of India with 1,349,000 SHU.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                              \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                              Question 15.
                                                                                              \nName some plants used in making paper pulp?
                                                                                              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                \n
                                                                                              • Melia azadirachta<\/li>\n
                                                                                              • Neolamarkia chinensis<\/li>\n
                                                                                              • Casuarina spe<\/li>\n
                                                                                              • Eucalyptus spe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                Question 16.
                                                                                                \nGive the uses of purified dissolving pulp?
                                                                                                \nAnswer:
                                                                                                \nIt helps to manufacture rayon, artificial silk, fabrics, transparent films (cellophane, cellulose, acetate films), plastic. Viscose process of making rayon is common.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                Question 17.
                                                                                                \nWhich the second geographical Indication tag after Mysore Malli? How?
                                                                                                \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                  \n
                                                                                                • Madurai Malli is the second GI Tag.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                • It has thick petals, long stalk.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                • Distinct fragrance is due to chemicals like jasmine, alpha terpineol.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                  \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                  Question 18.
                                                                                                  \nName the major tribal communities in Tamil Nadu known for their medicinal knowledge?
                                                                                                  \nAnswer:
                                                                                                  \nIrulas, Malayalis, Kurumbas, Paliyans and Kaanis<\/p>\n

                                                                                                  Question 19.
                                                                                                  \nDiscuss the origin and area of cultivation of black gram?
                                                                                                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                    \n
                                                                                                  • Archeo botanical evidence show the presence of black gram 3500 years ago.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                  • India gives 80 % of global production.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                  • Black gram is grown in Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh and Karnataka.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                    Question 20.
                                                                                                    \nSuggest the nutrients in fruits?
                                                                                                    \nAnswer:
                                                                                                    \nPotassium, dietary fibre, folic acid, vitamins.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                    \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                    Question 21.
                                                                                                    \nWhat is rayon?
                                                                                                    \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                      \n
                                                                                                    • Rayon is purified dis solving pulp is used as a basic material in the manufacture of rayon or artificial silk, fabrics, transport films (cellophane), cellulose, acetate films), plastics.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                    • This viscose process of making rayon is the most common process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                      Question 22.
                                                                                                      \nWhat is known as sustainable development of agriculture?
                                                                                                      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                        \n
                                                                                                      • Use of biofertilizers is one of the important components of integrated organic farm management, as they are cost effective and renewable source of plant nutrients to supplement the chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                        IV . Five Marks<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                                        Question 1.
                                                                                                        \nWhat kind of cereal can be eaten as a whole grain? Discuss?
                                                                                                        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                          \n
                                                                                                        • Pseudocereal can be eaten as wholegrain.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                        • These are botanical outliers from grasses.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                        • Eg. Seed from the Chenopodium quinoa (Family: Amaranthaceae)<\/li>\n
                                                                                                        • Gluten-free, whole grain carbohydrate, whole protein with all essential amino acids.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                        • Eaten for 6000 years in Andes hill region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                          \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                          Question 2.
                                                                                                          \nSuggest the attributes of cereals as food plants?
                                                                                                          \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                            \n
                                                                                                          • Adaptability and colonisation on every type of habitat.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                          • Ease of cultivation.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                          • Tillering property gives high yield per unit area.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                          • Compact dry grains are easily handled, transported, stored without spoilage.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                          • High-calorie value provides energy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                            Question 3.
                                                                                                            \nHow will you prepare a Bio-pest repellent?
                                                                                                            \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                              \n
                                                                                                            • Neem tree leaves are plucked.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                            • Put chopped leaves in 50 litre container half-filled with water. Leave it for 3 days to brow.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                            • Strain the mixture and spray on plants.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                            • 100 ml of cooking oil is added to make the repellent stick to the plants.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                            • Soap water is added to break down the oil.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                            • A stewed leaf mixture can be composted around the base of the plant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                              Question 4.
                                                                                                              \nTabulate the uses of common medicinal plants?
                                                                                                              \nAnswer:
                                                                                                              \n\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

                                                                                                              \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                              Question 5.
                                                                                                              \nGive a detailed account on the ‘National Fruit of India’?
                                                                                                              \nAnswer:
                                                                                                              \nMango (Mangifera indica) belongs to the family Anacardiaceae
                                                                                                              \nOrigin and area of cultivation.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                \n
                                                                                                              • Native of southern Asia, Burma and Eastern India.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                              • Andhra, Bihar, Gujarat and Karnataka are mango producing states.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                              • Salem, Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri are mango producing districts of Tamil Nadu.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                              • Major cultivars of Mango are Alphonsa, Banganapalli, Neelam and Malgova.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                Uses:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                  \n
                                                                                                                • Major Indian table fruit.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                • Rich in beta carotenes.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                • Used as dessert, canned, dried, preserves in Indian cuisine.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                • Unripe mangoes are used in chutney, pickle, side dishes, eaten raw with salt, chilli.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                • Pulp is made as jelly<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                • Aerated, non aerated soft drinks are prepared.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                  Question 6.
                                                                                                                  \nEnlist the uses of Sugar cane.
                                                                                                                  \nAnswer:
                                                                                                                  \nBotanical Name : Saccharum officinarum of
                                                                                                                  \nPoaceae family
                                                                                                                  \nUses:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                    \n
                                                                                                                  • Raw material for white sugar<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                  • Industries supported are<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                  • Sugar mills producing refined sugar<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                  • Distilleries producing liquor grade ethanol.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                  • Jaggery manufacturing unit.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                  • Refreshing drink can be extracted.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                  • Gives molasses. It is the raw material for ethyl alcohol.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                    \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                    Question 7.
                                                                                                                    \nDetail on the State Tree of Tamil Nadu.
                                                                                                                    \nAnswer:
                                                                                                                    \nBotanical Name : Borassus flabellifer of Arecaceae family
                                                                                                                    \nOrigin and area of cultivation<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                      \n
                                                                                                                    • Native of tropical Africa, Asia, New Guinea.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                    • All over Tamil Nadu especially in coastal districts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                      Uses:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                        \n
                                                                                                                      • Exudate from inflorescence gives palm sugar<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                      • Sap of inflorescence is a healthy drink<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                      • Processed sap gives palm sugar<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                      • Fermented sap gives toddy<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                      • Endosperm is a refreshing summer food<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                      • Elongated embryo of germinated seeds is edible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                        Question 8.
                                                                                                                        \nEnlist the uses of Chilly \/ Red pepper?
                                                                                                                        \nAnswer:
                                                                                                                        \nBotanical Name : Capsicum annuum of
                                                                                                                        \nSolanaceae family
                                                                                                                        \nUses:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                          \n
                                                                                                                        • Capsicum annuum is less pungent<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                        • Capsicum annuum includes large sweet bell peppers.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                        • Long fruit cultivars called ‘Cayenne Pepper’ are crushed, powdered and used as condiment.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                        • Sauce, Curry powder, pickle can be prepared.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                        • Capsaicin has pain relieving property. Good source of vitamins A, C, E.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                          \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                          Question 9.
                                                                                                                          \nWhich plant contributes to 90% of world production by Asia? Detail the uses?
                                                                                                                          \nAnswer:
                                                                                                                          \nRubber (Hevea brasiliensis) of Euphorbiaceae.
                                                                                                                          \nOrigin and Cultivation<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                            \n
                                                                                                                          • Native of Brazil<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                          • Kerala is the largest Indian producers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                            Uses:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                              \n
                                                                                                                            • Tyre, automobile parts consume 70% of rubber.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                            • To manufacture footwear, wire, cable insulation, rain coats, household, hospital goods, shock absorbers, belts, sports goods, erasers, adhesives, rubber band<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                            • Hard rubber is used in electrical and radio engineering<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                            • Latex makes gloves, balloons, condoms.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                            • Foamed latex used for the manufacture of cushion, pillow, life belts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                              Question 10.
                                                                                                                              \nWhich system of medicine originated from Brahma? Explain?
                                                                                                                              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                \n
                                                                                                                              • Ayurveda system of Medicine<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                              • Core knowledge is documented in compendium of Charaka, Sushruta and Vagbhata.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                              • It is based on 3 humor principles Vatha, Pitha, Kapha.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                              • Herbs, few animal parts are drug sources.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                              • Himalayan plants are plant sources.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                              • Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India list 500 plant sources.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                                Question 11.
                                                                                                                                \nWhich system of medicine survives as oral tradition? Explain?
                                                                                                                                \nAnswer:
                                                                                                                                \nFolk system of Medicine:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  \n
                                                                                                                                • It is a oral tradition in rural, tribal communities.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                • Document of plants used by ethnic communities was launched by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                • The document is All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Ethnobiology.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                • 8000 species of medical plants are documented.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                • Major tribal communities with medicinal knowledge are Irulas, Malayalis, Kurumbas, Paliyans and Kaanis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                                  Question 12.
                                                                                                                                  \nJute Industry occupies an important place in the national economy of India. Explain?
                                                                                                                                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                    \n
                                                                                                                                  • One of the largest exported fibre of India.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                  • Used for safe packaging of natural, renewable, bio degradable, Eco-friendly products.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                  • Used in bagging, wrapping textile.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                  • 75% is used to prepare sack, bag.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                  • Manufacture of blanket, rag, curtain<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                  • Used in textiles recently.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                                                                    \"<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                    Question 13.
                                                                                                                                    \nOrganic farming is considered as the movement towards the philosophy of Back to Nature. Explain
                                                                                                                                    \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                      \n
                                                                                                                                    • Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system in which plants \/ crops are cultivated in natural ways by using biological inputs to maintain soil fertility and ecological balance thereby minimizing pollution and wastage<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                    • Indians were organic farmers by default until the green revolution came in to practice.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                    • Use of bio-fertilizers is one of the important components of integrated organic farm management, as they are cost effective and renewable source of plant nutrients to supplement the chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                    • Several microorganisms and their association with crop plants are being exploited in the production of bio-fertilizers.<\/li>\n
                                                                                                                                    • Organic farming is thus considered as the movement directed towards the philosophy of Back to Nature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                                                                                      Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Bio Botany Guide Pdf Chapter 10 Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes. Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Bio Botany Solutions Chapter 10 Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany 12th Bio Botany Guide Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Text Book Back …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-class-12"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25087"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41284,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25087\/revisions\/41284"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalvi.guide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}