Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 6 Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Solutions History Chapter 6 Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Who was the first Palayakkarars to resist the East India Company’s policy of territorial aggrandisement?
(a) Marudhu brothers
(b) Puli Thevar
(c) Velunachiyar
(d) Veerapandya Kattabomman
Answer:
(b) Puli Thevar

Question 2.
Who had borrowed money from the East India Company to meet the expenses he had incurred during the Carnatic wars ?
(a) Velunachiyar
(b) Puli Thevar
(c) Nawab of Arcot
(d) Raja of Travancore
Answer:
(c) Nawab of Arcot

Question 3.
Who had established close relationship with the three agents of Chanda Sahib?
(a) Velunachiyar
(b) Kattabomman
(c) Puli Thevar
(d) Oomai thurai
Answer:
(c) Puli Thevar

Question 4.
Where was Sivasubramanianar executed?
(a) Kayathar
(b) Nagalapuram
(c) Virupachi
(d) Panchalamkurichi
Answer:
(b) Nagalapuram

Question 5.
Who issued the Tiruchirappalli proclamation of Independence?
(a) Marudhu brothers
(b) Puli Thevar
(c) Veerapandya Kattabomman
(d) Gopala Nayak
Answer:
(a) Marudhu brothers

Question 6.
When did the Vellore Revolt breakout?
(a) 24 May 1805
(b) 10 July 1805
(c) 10 July 1806
(d) 10 September 1806
Answer:
(c) 10 July 1806

Question 7.
Who was the Commander-in-Chief responsible for the new military regulations in Vellore Fort?
(a) Col. Fancourt
(b) Major Armstrong
(c) Sir John Cradock
(d) Colonel Agnew
Answer:
(c) Sir John Cradock

Question 8.
Where were the sons of Tipu Sultan sent after the Vellore Revolt?
(a) Calcutta
(b) Mumbai
(c) Delhi
(d) Mysore
Answer:
(a) Calcutta

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The Palayakkarars system was put in place in Tamil Nadu by …………….
2. Except the Palayakkarars of ……………. all other western Palayakkarars supported Puli Thevar.
3. Velunachiyar and her daughter were under the protection of ……………. for eight years.
4. Bennerman deputed ……………. to convey his message, asking Kattabomman to surrender.
5. Kattabomman was hanged to death at …………….
6. The Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers was categorized in the British records as the …………….
7. ……………. was declared the new Sultan by the rebels in Vellore Fort.
8. ……………. suppressed the revolt in Vellore Fort.

Answers:

1. Viswanatha Nayaka of Madurai
2. Sivagiri
3. Gopala Nayakar
4. Ramalinganar
5. Kayathar
6. Second Palayakarar war
7. Fateh Hyder (the eldest son of Tipusultan)
8. Colonel. Gillespie

III. Choose the correct statement

Question 1.
(i) The Palayakkarars system was in practice in the Kakatiya Kingdom.
(ii) Puli Thevar recaptured Nerkattumseval in 1764 after the death of Khan Sahib.
(iii) Yusuf Khan who was negotiating with the Palayakkarars, without informing the Company administration was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764.
(iv) Ondiveeran led one of the army units of Kattabomman.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) UnderColonel Campbell, the English Army went along with Mahfuzkhan’s army.
(ii) After Muthu Vadugar’s death in Kalaiyar Kovil battle, Marudhu Brothers assisted Velunachiyar in restoring the throne to her.
(iii) Gopala Nayak spearheaded the famous Dindigul League.
(iv) In May 1799 Cornwallis ordered the advance of Company armies to Tirunelveli.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 3.
Assertion (A): Puli Thevar tried to get the support of Hyder Ali and the French.
Reason (R): Hyder Ali could not help Puli Thevar as he was already in a serious conflict with the Marathas.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Question 4.
Assertion (A): Apart from the new military Regulations the most objectionable was the addition of a leather cockade in the turban.
Reason (R): The leather cockade was made of animal skin.
(a) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct
(b) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(c) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Answer:
(b) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

IV. Match the following

Answer:
A. (v)
B. (iii)
C. (ii)
D. (i)
E. (iv)

V. Answer the questions briefly

Question 1.
What were the duties of the Palayakkarars?
Answer:
The Palayakkarars carried on the following duties:

1. They collected revenue, administered the territory control, settled disputes and maintained law and order.
2. On many occasions the Palayakkarars helped the Nayak rulers to restore the kingdom to them.

Question 2.
Identify the Palayams based on the division of east and west.
Answer:
The two prominent blocs were Eastern and Western Palayams:

Eastern Palayams:

1. Sattur
2. Nagalapuram
3. Ettayapuram
4. Panchalamkurichi.

Western Palayams:

1. Uthumalai
2. Thallawankottai
3. Naduvakurichi
4. Singampatti
5. Seithur.

Question 3.
Why was Heron dismissed from service?
Answer:
Colonel Heron was urged to deal with Puli Thevar as he continued to defy the authority of the company. Puli Thevar wielded much influence over the western Palayakkarars. Heron had to abandon the plan for want of cannon and of supplies and pay to soldiers. He retired to Madurai. He was then recalled and dismissed from sendee.

Question 4.
What was the significance of the Battle of Kalakadu?
Answer:

1. With the support of the East India company Arcot Nawab Mohamed Ali wanted to bring Madurai and Tirunelveli regions which were under the command of Nawab Chandra Sahib’s agents.
2. These agents got the support of Tamil Palayakkarars and had close relationship with Puli Thevar.
3. An army was sent under the head of Mahfiizkhan to capture Tirunelveli.
4. Before he station his troops near Kalakadu 2000 soldiers from Travancore joined the forces of Puli Thevar.
5. In the Battle of Kalakadu Mahfiizkhan troops were routed.
6. The organized resistance of the Palayakkarars under Puli Thevar gave an opportunity to the English to interfere directly in the affairs of Tirunelveli.

Question 5.
What was the bone of contention between the Company and Kattabomman?
Answer:
The company appointed its collectors to collect taxes from all the palayams. The collectors humiliated the Palayakkarars and adopted force to collect the taxes. This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.

Question 6.
Highlight the essence of the Tiruchirappalli Proclamation of 1801.
Answer:

1. The proclamation of 1801 was an early call to the Indians to unite against the British.
2. Many Palayakkars rebelled together, especially Chinna Maruthu collected nearly 20,000 men to challenge British.
3. But the Rajas of Pudukkottai, Ettayapuram and Thanjavur supported British.
4. So, in May 1801, English attacked the rebels in Thanjavur and Trichy rebels failed.
5. Though the Palayakkarars fell to the English, their exploits and sacrifices inspired later generation.
6. The rebellion of Marudhu brothers is a land mark event in the history of Tamil Nadu.
7. It is also known as “South Indian Rebellion”.

Question 7.
Point out the importance of the Treaty of 1801.
Answer:
Under the terms of the Carnatic Treaty of 31 July 1801, the British assumed direct control over Tamilagam and the Palayakkarar system came to an end with the demolition of all forts and disbandment of their army.

VI. Answer the questions given under each caption

Question 1.
Velunachiyar

(a) Who was the military chief of Velunachiyar?
Answer:
The military chief of Velunachiyar was ‘Thandavarayanar’.

(b) What were the martial arts in which she was trained?
Answer:
Velunachiyar had training in martial arts like valari, stick fighting and to wield weapons.

(c) Whom did she marry?
Answer:
She married Muthu Vadugar the Raja of Sivagangai.

(d) What was the name of her daughter?
Answer:
Her daughter name was Vellachinachiyar.

Question 2.
Dheeran Chinnamalai
(а) When was Dheeran Chinnamalai born?
Answer:
Dheeran Chinnamalai was born in 1756 in the Mandradiar royal family of Palayakottai.

(b) How did he earn the title “Chinnamalai”?
Answer:
Once when Tipu’s diwan Mohammed Ali was returning to Mysore with the tax money, Theerthagiri blocked his way and took back all the tax money. He let Mohammed Ali go by instructing him to tell his Sultan that ‘Chinnamalai; who is between Sivamalai and Chinnamalai, was the one who took away taxes. Thus, he gained the name ‘Dheeran Chennamalai’.

(c) Name the Diwan of Tipu Sultan.
Answer:
Mohammed Ali

(d) Why and where was he hanged to death?
Answer;
He was hanged at the top of the Sankagiri Fort on 31 July 1805 because he refused to accept the rule of the British.

VII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Attempt an essay of the heroic fight Veerapandya Kattabomman conducted against the East India Company.
Answer:
Several events led to the conflicts between Veerapandiya Kattabomman and the East India Company.
Event 1:

1. Under the provisions of a treaty signed in 1781 with Mysore Sultan the East India Company gained the right to collect taxes from Panchalamkurichi where Veerapandiya Kattabommman was the ruler.
2. The company appointed its collectors to collect taxes from all the Palayams.
3. The collectors adopted force and humiliated the Palayakaras to collect the taxes. This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.

Event 2: Collector Jackson against the wish of the Madras Government wanted to send an army to collect the revenue dues from Kattabomman.

1. The arrogant English collector ordered Kattabomman to meet him in. Ramanathapuram. But Kattabomman’s attempts became futile as Jackson refused to meet him.
2. At last Kattabomman was made to stand for three hours before the haughty collector in Ramanathapuram.
3. Sensing danger Kattabomman with his brother’s help escaped from that place.
4. Kattabomman on his return to Panchalamkurichi represented to the Madras Council about his ill treatment by the collector Jackson.
5. Kattabomman appeared before the committee on 15th December 1798 and proved that he was not committed any offence.
6. He cleared almost all the revenue arrears.
7. Jackson was dismissed from his service.

Event 3: Inspired by the Marudhu brothers Tiruchirapaili proclamation Kattabomman was interested to join the confederacy.

1. Kattabomman and Marudhu brothers jointly decided on a confrontation with the English.
2. Kattabomman advanced towards Sivagiri who was a tributary to the company.
3. So the company considered Kattabomman’s expedition as a challenge to their authority.
4. Under the command of Bannerman on 1st September 1799 an ultimatum was served on Kattabomman to surrender.
5. The evasive reply of Kattabomman made Bannerman to attack the Fort of Panchalamkurichi.
6. Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai.
7. The Britsh put a prize on his head.
8. Betrayed by the Rajas of Ettayapuram and Pudukottai Kattabomman was arrested.
9. During the trial before all the Palayakkarars he bravely admitted all the charges levelled against him.
10. He was hanged to death at Kayatharu near Tirunelveli on 16th October.
11. His courageousness and bravery was enacted as ballads by Indian folks.

Question 2.
Highlight the tragic fall of Sivagangai and its outcome.
Answer:
In May 1801, the English attacked the rebels in Thanjavur and Tiruchirappalli. The rebels went to Piranmalai and Kalayarkoil. But they were defeated by the forces of the English. In the end, the able commanders of the English company helped. Unfortunately, the rebellion failed and Sivagangai was annexed in 1801.
Outcomes

• The Marudhu brothers were executed in the fort of Tirupathur near Ramanathapuram on 24 October 1801.
• Oomaithurai and Sevathaiah were captured and beheaded at Panchalamkuruchi on 16 November 1801.
• Seventy-three rebels were exiled to Penang in Malaya.
• Though the Palayakkarars fell to the English, their exploits and sacrifices inspired later generations.

Question 3.
Account for the outbreak of Vellore Revolt in 1806.
Answer:
Causes for the outbreak of Vellore Revolt in 1806:

1. The Sepoys in the British Indian Army had a strong sense of resentment over low salary and poor prospects of promotion.
2. The English officers disrespect for the social and religious sentiments of the Indian sepoys also angered them.
3. Many sepoys families were in dire economic straits due to out break of famine in 1805 and the unsettled conditions caused by new land tenures.
4. The imprisonment of Tipu’s sons and the family members in Vellore Fort.

The immediate cause for the revolt was triggered by the new military regulations introduced by the Commander in Chief Sir John Cradock.

1. The Indian soldiers were not allowed to wear caste marks or ear rings when in uniform.
2. They were asked to shave their beard and trim the moustache to look smart.
3. The most resented cause was the leather cockade made of animal skin.
4. The sepoys were compelled to wear the turban and those who refused were severely punished.
5. In 10^th July 1806 in the early hours guns were booming and the Indian sepoys of the regiments 1^st and 23^rd raised their standard of revolt.

VIII. Activity

Question 1.
Teacher can ask the students to prepare an album of patriotic leaders of early revolts against the British rule in Tamil Nadu. Using their imagination they can also draw pictures of different battles in which they attained martyrdom.
Answer:
Few names of the patriotic leaders of the’early revolt against the British mle in Tamil Nadu are listed below.

1. Subramaniya Bharathiyar
2. Kumaraswamy Mudaliar (popularly known as Tiruppur Kumaran)
3. Velunachiyar
4. Vanchinathan
5. Veerapandia Kattabomman
6. V.O. Chidambaram
7. Dheeran Chinnamalai
8. Subramaniya Siva
9. The Maruthu Pandiyar brothers (Periya Maruthu, Chinna Maruthu)
10. Puli Thevar

Students can collect pictures of the above mentioned patriotic leaders and paste it in a notebook, prepare an album and submit to the teacher. Below the picture, student should also write the name of the patriotic leader below the picture.

If the student is very good in drawing skills, then instead of pasting pictures, they can also draw two or three of the patriotic leaders images and write their name below and prepare an album. Students can also use their creativity, imagine a battle field and can portrait that also.

Question 2.
Stage play visualising the conversation between Jackson and Kattabomman be attempted by students with the help of teachers.
Answer:
Stage play – Conversation between Jackson and Kattabomman.
Participants: Characters – Kattabomman, Subramanianar, Oomaithurai, Collector Jackson, Company officials soldiers.

Scence – 1 Kattabomman’s Court.

A company official reading the notice issued by collector Jackson. (Kattabomman’s soldier asking permission to let in the company official)

Sepoy : Maharaja, English East India Company’s servant brought a message for you. Shall I ask him to let in. I seek your permission.

Kattabomman : Allow him. (Servant entry)

Kattabomman: What message you have brought?

Servant : Maharaja (Reading the message)
I, “The collector of Ramnad” issuing order to Kattabomman to meet in person.

Kattabomman : yes you can go

Scene – 2

Kattabomman and his Minister and some soldiers going to meet Jackson after hearing he was camping at placard showing courtallam.

Collector has gone Srivilliputtur (Voice)

Placard showing Srivilliputur (You are asked to come to Ramanathapuram)

Scene – 3 (Ramanathapuram Fort)

Kattabomman waiting outside the gate to meet the Collector. After lhour he was asked to get inside the court of collector Jackson.

Jackson: Not noticing him wantedly I am
Kattabomman: I am kattabomman who is collector Jackson.
Jackson: Got angry Hay who are you nian calling me by name?
Kattabomman: I am Kattabomman wants to know who you are? Asking me the question.
(Further got irritated)
Jackson: I am collector Jackson. Are you the defiant Kattabomman.
Kattabomman: I want to know for what reason I was asked to come over here. As a coward ran and came to Ramanathapuram Mr. Jackson.
Jackson: Shut up man. You have the charge on you that you didn’t pay neither the tribute not the tax arrears.
(Irritated by his command)
Kattabomman: Whom do you expect to pay tribute or Taxes. Me? Why I should pay taxes. It’s our land the nature is giving water to the field. We the people till the land, sow the seeds plant the saplings watered the field, nurtured the plants, removed the weeds. What work you have done for asking the tax.
Jackson: Hay man Kattabomman you are talking too much, Your region belong to us.
Kattabomman: (Laughing) Is it so? Who gave you the right of possession?
Jackson: (Furiated yelling) Guards arrest him.
(Guards entry)
Kattabomman: Sensing the danger took out the sword (fighting and escaping from that place)
(screen)

Question 3.
A comparative study of Vellore Revolt and 1857 Revolt by students be tried enabling them to find out to what extent Vellore Revolt had all the forebodings of the latter.
Answer:
Common causes for the Revolt at Vellore and Revolt of 1857.

Vellore Revolt:

1. Most of the soldiers in the British army were well trained soldiers from various Palayams. Hindus and Muslims majority Indian Troops.
2. Resentment over low salary promotion prospects
3. New dress code, rules and regulations affected the religions sentiments.
4. Uprising was well planned and raised by the soldiers at Vellore Fort shot down many colonels
5. Immediate cause introduction of Agnew Turban- a leather hat made of animal skin.
6. Soldiers were forced to wear the Turban.
7. Spread to other areas Bellary, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Sankagiri, Walajabad, Nandy durg.
8. Fateh hyder Tipu’s son was declared as their leader.

Revolt of 1857:

1. Most of the soldiers were from Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims. Out numbered the English officers.
2. Same point of view low salary inferior out look of the English officers.
3. Conversion activities interference in the Indian culture affected their sentiments.
4. Revolt originated from Bengal regiment.
5. Introduction of Greased cartridges smeared with animal fat.
6. Indian soldiers were compelled to use the cartridges.
7. Spead to Kanpur, Delhi, Oudh, Jhansi, Lucknow, Bihar etc.
8. Emperor Bahadhur Shah II of Delhi was made to sit on the throne and declared as the emperor of India.

These points clearly shows that the Vellore Revolt had all the forebodings of the latter.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu Additional Important Questions And Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Palayakkarars in Tamil refers to the:
(a) Holders of a little kingdom as a feudatory.
(b) Revenue collectors of the British
(c) Rebels of the Carnatic region
(d) Commanders of Nawab of Arcot
Answer:
(a) Holders of a little kingdom as a feudatory.

Question 2.
Palayakkarars police duties were known as ……………….
(a) Padikaval
(b) Village Kaval
(c) Irravu Kaval
Answer:
(a) Padikaval

Question 3.
The first female ruler of Sivagangai who resisted the colonial power of the British:
(a) Jhansi Rani Lakshmibai
(b) Rani Mangammal
(c) Velunachiyar
(d) Kuyili
Answer:
(c) Velunachiyar

Question 4.
Puli Thevar was defeated by …………… in 1767.
(a) Khan Sahib
(b) Captain Campbell
(c) Hyder Ali
Answer:
(b) Captain Campbell

Question 5.
The British commander who put down the Vellore revolt was:
(a) Bannerman
(b) William Bentinck
(c) Sir John cradock
(d) Colonel Gillespie
Answer:
(d) Colonel Gillespie

Question 6.
Who was Mahfuzkhan?
(a) Brother of the Nawab of Arcot
(b) Minister of the Nawab of Arcot
(c) Brother of Yusuf Khan
(d) Indian sepoy in the British army
Answer:
(a) Brother of the Nawab of Arcot

Question 7.
Veerapandiya Kattabomman was the Palayakkarar of :
(a) Sivagangai
(b) sivagiri
(c) Madurai
(d) Panchalamkurichi
Answer:
(d) Panchalamkurichi

Question 8.
Where did Kattabomman escape?
(a) Ettayapuram
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Pudukottai
(d) Tarapuram
Answer:
(c) Pudukottai

Question 9.
On his return to Panchalamkurichi ………………….. represented to the Madras council.
(a) Kattabomman
(b) Marudhu brothers
(c) Puli Thevar
(d) Dheeran chinnamalai
Answer:
(a) Kattabomman

Question 10.
Which city was annexed at the end of the Anglo-Mysore War in 1799?
(a) Ramanathapuram
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Panchalamkuruchi
(d) Pudukottai
Answer:
(b) Coimbatore

Question 11.
Jackson was dismissed from service and a new collector ………………….. was appointed.
(a) Syed
(b) Clarke
(c) William Brown
(d) S.R Lushington
Answer:
(d) S.R Lushington

Question 12.
Kattabomman cleared all the revenue arrears leaving only a balance of ………………….. pagodas.
(a) 1180
(b) 1080
(c) 1801
(d) 1108
Answer:
(b) 1080

Question 13.
Yadhul Nayak was the Palayakkarar of:
(a) Coimbatore
(b) Dindigul
(c) Anamalai
(d) Kamudhi
Answer:
(c) Anamalai

Question 14.
Oomathurai and Sevathaiah the two brothers of Kattabomman escaped from the Palayamkottai prison to:
(a) Kamudhi
(b) Sivagangai
(c) Kerala
(d) Thiruchirappalli
Answer:
(a) Kamudhi

Question 15.
………………….. involved in setting the disputes in the Kongu region.
(a) Dheeran chinnamalai
(b) Velunachiyar
(c) Oomathurai
(d) Gopala Nayak
Answer:
(a) Dheeran chinnamalai

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The word ………………….. means a domain a military camp or a little kingdom.
2. The Palayakkararsystem was in practice during the rule of ………………….. of warangal in the Kakatiya kingdom.
3. The police duties of Palayakkarars were known as …………………..
4. The Palayakkarars of Sivagiri, Ettayapuram and Panchalamkurichi did not join the confederacy of …………………..
5. The unity of the Palayakkarars began to break with the …………………..
6. In 1772 under the command of ………………….. stormed the kalaiyar kovil palace.
7. The South Indian confederacy was organised by
8. The forces of Diwan of Mysore and Chinnamalai fought at
9. The failed because there was no immediate help from outside.
10. The was the predecessor of the great Revolt of 1857.
11. Under poligar system was given for valuable military services rendered by any individual.
12. The began to consolidate and extend its influence after the three carnatic wars in Tamil Nadu.
13. ………………….. the Minister of viswanatha Nayaka helped him to introduce Palayakkarar system in Tamil Nadu.
14. The Palayakkarar system lasted for from ………………….. the Nayaks of Madurai.
15. Within their respective Palayams Palayakkarars function as ………………….. authorities.
16. Traditionally there were ………………….. Palayakkarars created by Nayak rulers.
17. Many Palayakkarars refused to pay taxes to the company as their lands handed down to them over …………………..
18. The company branded ………………….. as rebels.
19. Mahfuzkhan was the brother of …………………..
20. ………………….. was sent with a contingent army under colonel Heron to capture Tirunelveli and Madurai.
21. Mahfuzkhan had the support of ………………….. and ………………….. from the carnatic to capture Tirunelveli.
22. Two thousand soldiers from ………………….. joined the forces of Puli Thevar at kalakad.
23. The Palayakkarars of Tirunelveli under Puli Thevar constantly rebelled against
24. Yusufkhan’s (Khan sahib) original name was ………………….. before his conversion to Islam.
25. The ………………….. from Tiruchirappalli arrived in September 1760 to assist Yusufkhan to attack Puli Thevar.
26. The battering of ………………….. by Yusufkhan took two months.
27. Expel of French power from Pondicherry made Travancore, ………………….., Uthumalai and ………………….. to support the English.
28. The ………………….. was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764 by the company.
29. Captain ………………….. defeated Puli Thevar in 1767.
30. Puli Thevar escaped and died in …………………..
31. Velunachiyar was under the protection of Gopala Nayak for ………………….. years.
32. At the age of 16 ………………….. was married to Muthuvadugar of Sivagangai.
33. Dalavay means …………………..
34. In behalf of Velunachiyar Dalavai ………………….. wrote a letter to Sultan Hyder AN seeking military assistance.
35. Hyder Ali ordered his commandant ………………….. in Dindigul Fort to provide required military assistance to Velunachiyar.
36. Kuyili faithful friend of Velunachiyar led a unit of women soldiers named after …………………..
37. ………………….. was the shepherd girl who was killed by the company for not divulging information on kuyili the commander.
38. The company’s administrators ………………….. and ………………….. considered Kattabomman a man of peaceful disposition.
39. To meet out the expenses of Nawab and his family ………………….. of the revenue (taxes) collection was allowed.
40. The land revenue arrear from Kattabomman was ………………….. pagodas in 1798.
41. The did not give permission to collector Jackson to send an army to Panchalamkurichi to collect dues from Kattabomman.
42. Kattabomman’s Minister ………………….. accompanied him to Ramanathapuram to met collector Jackson.
43. In a clash at the gate of Ramanathapuram Fort English officer ………………….. was killed.
44. In may 1799 ………………….. issued orders from Madras for the advance of forces to Tirunelveli.
45. Bannerman moved his entire army to Panchalamkurichi on …………………..
46. ………………….. gathered all the secrets of the Fort of Panchalamkurichi.
47. In a clash at ………………….. Sivasubramanianar was taken a prisoner.
48. Kattabomman escaped to …………………..
49. ………………….. was executed at Nagalapuram on 13th September.
50. Kattabomman was hanged from a ………………….. in the old Fort of Kayathar.

Answers:

1. Palayam
2. Prataba Rudhra
3. Padikaval or Arasukaval
4. Puli Thevar
5. elimination of French power from Pondicherry
6. Lt. Col Bon Jour
7. Marudhu brothers of Sivagangai
8. Noyyal river bed
9. Vellore Revolt
10. Vellore Revolt
11. Palayam
12. English East India Company
13. Ariyanathar
14. two hundred years
15. independent sovereign
16. 72
17. sixty generations
18. defiant Palayakkarars
19. Nawab of Arcot
20. Mahfuzkhan
21. cavalry and foot soldiers
22. Travancore
23. Nawab’s authority
24. Marudhunayagam
25. artillary
26. Nerkkatumseval Fort
27. Seithur, Surandai
28. Yusufkhan
29. Campbell
30. exile
31. eight
32. Velunachiyar
33. Military chief
34. Thandavarayanar
35. Syed
36. Udaiyal
37. Udaiyal
38. James London, Colin Jackson
39. one- sixth
40. 3310
41. Madras Government
42. Sivasubramanianar
43. Lietenant Clarke
44. Lord Wellesley
45. 5th September 1799
46. Ramalinganar
47. Kallarpatti
48. Pudukottai
49. Sivasubramanianar
50. Tamarind tree

III. Choose the correct statement

Question 1.
(i) Velunachiyar organised an army and succeeded in securing an alliance with Hyder Ali.
(ii) Hyder Ali provided the required military assistance to Velunachiyar
(iii) A fierce battle was fought at Devadanampatti.
(iv) Velunachiyar escaped with her daughter and lived in Ramanathapuram.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(c) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(d) (i) and (ii) are correct
Answer:
(d) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) Dheeran chinnamalai was trained by the French.
(ii) He launched Gwerilla attack and evaded capture by the British.
(iii) He was born at Coimbatore,
(iv) He refused to accept the rule of the British.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iii) are correct
Answer:
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct

Question 3.
(i) Coimbatore was annexed at the end of the Anglo – Mysore was in 1799.
(ii) The status of Raja of Thanjavur had been reduced to that of a vassal.
(iii) English East India company acquired the revenue districts of salem and Dindigul from Tipu.
(iv) A treaty was forced on Marudhu brothers on the charge of disloyalty.
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (i) and (iv) are correct
(d) (ii) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 4.
Assertion (A): Kattabomman took an expedition to Sivagiri to influence to join Marudhu brothers.
Reason (R): Palayakkarars of Sivagiri was a tributory to the company of the British. They refuse to join.
(a) Both A and R are correct. R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) A is correct and R is Wrong
(c) A is wrong ans R is correct
(d) A is correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are correct. R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 5.
Assertion (A): Chinna Marudhu collected 20,000 men to challenge the English army and many Palayakkarars joined, but failed.
Reason (R): Divide and Rule Policy of the British split the forces of the Palayakkarars.
(a) A is correct R is wrong
(b) A is wrong and R is correct
(c) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
(d) A is correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Answer:
(c) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 6.
Assertion (A): The Nawab of Arcot gave the power of collecting revenue to the English East India company from southern Palayakkarars.
Reason (R): The company branded the defiant Palayakkarars as rebels.
(a) A is correct R is wrong
(b) A is wrong R is correct
(c) Both A and R are correct R explains A.
(d) Both A and R are correct. R is not the correct explanation to A.
Answer:
(a) A is correct R is wrong

IV. Match the following

Question 1.
Match the Column I with Column II.

Answer:
A. (iii)
B. (v)
C. (iv)
D. (i)
E. (ii)

Question 2.
Match the Column I with Column II.

Answer:
A. (iv)
B. (i)
C. (v)
D. (ii)
E. (iii)

V. Answer the questions briefly

Question 1.
Write a note on Carnatic treaty.
Answer:
The suppression of the Palayakkarar rebellions of 1799 and 1800-1801 resulted in the liquidation of all the local chieftains of Tamil Nadu. Under the terms of the Carnatic treaty of 31 July 1801. The British assumed direct control over Tamilagam and the Palayakarar system to an end with the demolition of all forts and disbandment of their army.

Question 2.
Why was the Revenue collection of the southern Palayakkarars was given to the company Rule?
Answer:

1. Nawab of Arcot had borrowed money from the East India Company to meet the expenses he had incurred during the camatic wars.
2. When the debts exceeded his capacity to pay, he gave the Revenue Collection Authority to the company rule.

Question 3.
Write a note on Hyder Ali.
Answer:
Hyder Ali was the ruler of Mysore. He was a bitter enemy of England. He was born in 1772. Though he started his career as a soldier, he rose to the position of commander-in-chief. In 1766, when the Raja of Mysore died, Hyder Ali proclaimed himself as the ruler and became the Sultan of Mysore. Tipu Sultan was the son of Hyder Ali.

Question 4.
Name the three major ports of Puli Thevar. When did these forts come under the control of Yusuf Khan?
Answer:
The three major ports of Puli Thevar were Nerkattumseval, Vasudevanallur and Panayur. In 16th May 1761 they came under the control of Yusufkhan.

Question 5.
What does the word ‘Palayam’ mean? What does the Palayakkarar in Tamil refer to?
Answer:
The word ‘Palayam’ means a domain, military camp, or a little kingdom. The Palayakkarar in Tamil refers to the holder of a little Kingdom as a feudatory to a greater sovereign.

Question 6.
Write about the brave act of Kuyili the friend of Velunachiyar.
Answer:

1. Kiyili was a faithful friend of velunachiyar.
2. She led the unit of women soldiers.
3. Kuyili is said to have walked in to the British arsenal (1780) after setting herself on fire, destroying all the ammunition.

Question 7.
Why did the Nawab of Arcot borrow money from the East India company? What happened when his debts exceeded his capacity to pay?
Answer:
The Nawab of Arcot borrowed money from the East India company to meet the expenses he had incurred during the Carnatic wars. When his debts exceeded his capacity to pay, the power of collecting the land revenue dues from southern Palayakkarars was given to the East India company.

Question 8.
How the Rebellion of Marudhu brothers referred as and who participated in the rebellion?
Answer:
In the British records the rebellion of Marudhu brothers (1800) is referred as the “Second Palayakkarar war”.

Those who participated in the Rebellion were: Marudhu Pandiyar of Sivagangai, Gopala Nayak of a Dindigul, Kerala verma of Malabar and Krishnappa Nayak and Dhoondaj i of Mysore.

VI. Answer the questions given under each caption

Question 1.
Siege of Panchalamkuruchi
(a) Why did Lord Wellesley issue orders in May 1799?
Answer:
Lord Wellesley issued orders in May 1799 for the advance of forces from Tiruchirapalli, Thanjavur, and Madurai to Tirunelveli.

(b) Who commanded the troops?
Answer:
Major Bannerman commanded the troops.

(c) What commanded the troops?
Answer:
On 1st September 1799, an ultimatum was served on Kattabomman to surrender.

(d) Why did Bannerman depute Ramalinganar to Kattabomman’s fort?
Answer:
Bannerman deputed Ramalinganar to Kattabomman’s fort so that he could convey a message asking him (Kattabomman) to surrender.

Question 2.
Consequences of Vellore Revolt

(a) Where was Tipu’s sons imprisoned after the revolt?
Answer:
Tipu’s sons were sent to Calcutta after the revolt.

(b) What was the reward given to the people who suppressed the revolt?
Answer:
Col. Gillespie was given 7,000 pagodas. The officers and men engaged in the suppression were rewarded with prize money and promotion.

(c) Name the English Generals who were removed from their office?
Answer:
Col. Sir John Cradock, Adjutant General Agnew and Governor William Bentinck were removed from their office.

(d) What was withdrawn after the revolt?
Answer:
The military regulations were withdrawn after the revolt.

Question 3.
New Military Regulations
(a) What were the Indian soldiers asked to do according to new’ military regulation?
Answer:
According to the new military regulation the Indian soldiers were asked not to wear caste marks or ear rings when in uniform. They were to be cleanly shaven on the chin and maintain uniformity how their moustache looked.

(b) How did the new turban add fuel to fire?
Answer:
The new turban was the leather cockade made of animal skin.

(c) How did the sepoys react to the new turban?
Answer:
The sepoys refused to wear the new turban.

(d) What was the Company’s reaction?
Answer:
The company remained silent. It did not pay any notice to the sepoys grievances.

Question 4.
The Seige of Panchalamkurichi

(a) From which regions forces were sent to Tirunelveli?
Answer:
From the regions of Tiruchirappali, Thanjavur and Madurai sent to Tirunelveli.

(b) Which troops joined the British later?
Answer:
The Travancore troops joined the British later.

(c) What was served on Kattabomman and for what purpose?
Answer:
An ultimatum was served on Kattabomman to surrender.

(d) What was the response of Kattabomman?
Answer:
Kattabomman refused to surrender.

Question 5.
Proclamation of 1801

(a) Who issued the proclamation of 1801?
Answer:
Marudhu pandiyar issued the proclamation of Independence 1801.

(b) Why did they issue the proclamation?
Answer:
The proclamation was an early call to the Indians to unite.

(c) Where was the copies of proclamation pasted?
Answer:
The proclamation was pasted on the walls of Nawab’s palace in Tiruchirappalli Fort and on the walls of Srirangam temple.

(d) From where did the forces reinforced to fight with the revolters?
Answer:
British reinforcements were rushed from Bengal, Ceylon and Malaya.

Question 6.
Grievances of Indian Soldiers

(a) Who deliberate on the future course of action against the company Government?
Answer:
The dispossessed little kings and feudal chieftains.

(b) What was the culmination of the Palayakkarar wars?
Answer:
The Vellore Revolt of 1806

(c) What were the resentment of British Indian army?
Answer:
The British Indian army had a strong resentment over low salary and poor prospects of promotion.

(d) What bothered the Indian sepoys much?
Answer:
The new recruitment of the sepoys to the army.

VII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Write a brief note on Vellore Mutiny.
Answer:

• The British administration prohibited the Hindu soldiers from smearing religious marks on their foreheads.
• They ordered the Muslims to shave their beard and trim their moustache.
• This created a strong resentment among the soldiers.
• Instigated by the sons of Tipu, the revolting soldiers gathered in the Vellore fort, under the pretext of a marriage function.
• At midnight the soldiers surrounded the fort and killed most of the Europeans.
• They unfurled the flag of Tipu over the fort.
• Fateh Hyder, the second Son of Tipu was declared as the ruler.
• But the revolt was crushed by the British.

Question 2.
How did Velunachiyar able to get back her territory (Sivagangai)?
Answer:

1. Velunachiyar during her period of hiding organised an army.
2. She succeeded in securing an alliance with not only Gopala Nayakar (Virupachi near Dindigul) but Hyder Ali as well.
3. She was affluent in Urdu. Velunachiyar explained in detail in urdu all the problems she had with East India Company.
4. She conveyed her strong determination to fight the English.
5. Impressed by her courage, Hyder Ali ordered his commandant Syed in Dindigal fort to provide the necessary military assistance.
6. Velunachiyar employed agents for gathering intelligence to find where the British had stored ammunition.
7. With military assistance from Gbpala Nayakar and Hyder Ali she recaptured Sivagangai.
8. She was crowned as queen with the help of Marudhu brothers.
9. She was the first female ruler to resist the British colonial power in India.

Question 3.
Write about the Dindigul League.
Answer:

1. The famous Dindigul league was headed by Gopala Nayak, the Palayakkarar of virupachi.
2. He formed the league with Lakshmi Nayak of Manaparai and poojai Nayak of Devadanapatti.
3. He drew the inspiration from Tipu Sultan, who sent a deputation to show his camaraderie.
4. He led the resistance against the British from Coimbatore and later joined Oomaidurai, Kattabomman’s brother.
5. He put up a fierce fight at Aanamalai hills.
6. The local peasants gave him full support.
7. But Gopala Nayak was overpowered by the British forces in 1801.

Question 4.
Give an account of Marudhu brothers Rebellion of 1800.
Answer:

1. Despite the suppression of Kattabomman’s revolt in 1799 rebellion broke out again in 1800.
2. In the British records it is referred to as the second Palayakkarar war.
3. In April 1800 the confederacy consisting of Marudhu Pandiyars of Sivagangai, GopalaNayak of Dindigul, Kerala verma of malabar and Krishnappa Nayak and Dhoondaji of Mysore met at Virupachi and decided to organise an uprising against the company.
4. The Uprising, which broke out in Coimbatore in June 1800, soon spread to Ramanathapuram and Madurai.
5. The company got wind of it and declared war on Krishnappa Nayak of Mysore, Kerala Verma of Malabar and others.
6. The Palayakars of Coimbatore, Sathyamangalam, and Tarapuram were caught and hanged.
7. In February 1801, the two brothers of Kattabomman, Oomathurai and Sevathaiah escaped from Palayamkottai prison and Chinna Marudhu took them to Siruvayal his capital.
8. The English demanded the Marudhu Pandiyars to hand over fugitives but they refused.
9. Col.Agnew and Col.Innes marched on Sivagangai.
10. In June 1801 Marudhu Pandyars issued a proclamation of independence the Tiruchirappalli proclamation.
11. The rebellion failed and Sivagangai was annexed in 1801.

VIII. Map Study

Mark important centres of Early revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu.

Map: Centres of Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu