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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Complex Numbers Ex 2.2 Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Complex Numbers Ex 2.2

Question 1.
Evaluate the following if z = 5 – 2i and w = -1 + 3i
(i) z + w
Solution:
z = 5 – 2i, w = -1 + 3i
z + w = (5 – 2i) + (-1 + 3i)
= (5 – 1) + (-2i + 3i)
= 4 + i

(ii) z – iw
Solution:
z – iw = (5 – 2i) – i (-1 + 3i)
= 5 – 2i + i + 3
= (5 + 3) + (-2i + i)
= 8 – i

(iii) 2z + 3w
Solution:
2z + 3w = 2(5 – 2i) + 3 (-1 +3i)
= 10 – 4i – 3 + 9i
= 7 + 5 i

(iv) zw
Solution:
zw = (5 – 2i) (-1 + 3i)
= -5 + 15i + 2i – 6i²
= -5 + 17i + 6
= 1 + 17i

(v) z² + 2zw + w²
Solution:
= (z + w)² [from (i)]
= (4 + i)²
= 16 – 1 + 8i
= 15 + 8i

(vi) (z + w)²
Solution:
(vi) (z + w)² = 15 + 8z [from (v)]

Question 2.
Given the complex number z = 2 + 3i, represent the complex numbers in the Argand diagram.
(i) z = 2 + 3i
iz = i(2 + 3i)
= (2i – 3)
= -3 + 2i
z + iz = (2 + 3i) + (-3 + 2i)
= -1 + 5i

(ii) z, – iz and z – iz
z = 2 + 3i
-iz = -i (2 + 3i)
= -2i – 3i² = -2i + 3
= 3 – 2i
z- iz= 2 + 3i -3 + 2i
= 5 + i

Question 3.
Find the values of the real numbers x and y. if the complex numbers
(3 – i)x – (2 – i) y + 2i + 5 and 2x + (-1 + 2i)y + 3 + 2i are equal.
Solution:
(3 – i) x – (2 – i) y + 2i + 5 = 2x + (-1 + 2i) y + 3 + 2i
⇒ 3x – ix – 2y + iy + 2i + 5 = 2x – y + 2yi + 3 + 2i
⇒ (3x – 2y + 5) + 1 (-x + y + 2) = (2x – y + 3) + i (2y + 2)
Equate real parts on both sides
3x – 2y + 5 = 2x – y + 3
x – y = -2 ……. (1)
Equate imaginary parts on both sides
-x + y + 2 = 2y + 2
-x – y = 0
x + y = 0 ……. (2)
(1) + (2) ⇒ 2x = -2
x = -1
Substituting x = -1 in (2)
-1 + y = 0
⇒ y = 1
∴ x = -1, y = 1

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.8 Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.8

Choose the Most Suitable Answer.

Question 1.
If |adj(adj A) |=| A|⁹, then the order of the square matrix A is:
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 5
Solution:
(b) 4
Hint:
Since |adj(adj A)| = |A|^{(n – 1)2}
(n – 1)² = 9 = 3²
n – 1 = 3
n = 4

Question 2.
If A is a 3 × 3 non-singular matrix such that AA^T = A^T A and B = A^-1A^T, then BB^T =
(a) A
(b) B
(C) I₃
(d) B^T
Solution:
(C) I
Hint:
AA^T = A^TA and B = A^-1A^T
B^T = (A^-1)^T(A^T)^T = (A^-1)^T A
BB^-1 = (A^-1 A^T) (A^-1)^T A = A^-1 (AA^-1)^T A
= A^-1 (I)^T A = A^-1 A = I₃

Question 3.
If A = \(\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 \\ 1 & 2 \end{bmatrix}\) B = adj A and C = 3A, then \(\frac{|adj B|}{|C|}\) =
(a) \(\frac{1}{3}\)
(b) \(\frac{1}{9}\)
(C) \(\frac{1}{4}\)
(d) 1
Solution:
(a) \(\frac{1}{3}\)
Hint:

Question 4.
If A \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & -2 \\ 1 & 4 \end{bmatrix}\) = \(\begin{bmatrix} 6 & 0 \\ 0 & 6 \end{bmatrix}\), then A:

Solution:
(c) \(\begin{bmatrix} 4 & 2 \\ -1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}\)
Hint:

Solve the equations we get
a = 4, b = 2, c = -1, d = 1
A = \(\begin{bmatrix} 4 & 2 \\ -1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}\)

Question 5.
If A = \(\begin{bmatrix} 7 & 3 \\ 4 & 2 \end{bmatrix}\) then 9I₂ – A =
(a) A^-1
(b) \(\frac{A^{-1}}{2}\)
(c) 3A^-1
(d) 2A^-1
Solution:
(d) 2A^-1
Hint:
|A| = 14 – 12 = 2

Question 6.
If A = \(\begin{bmatrix} 2 & 0 \\ 1 & 5 \end{bmatrix}\) and B = \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 4 \\ 2 & 0 \end{bmatrix}\) then |adj (AB)| =
(a) -40
(b) -80
(c) -60
(d) -20
Solution:
(b) -80
Hint:

∴ |adj (AB)| = 8 – 88 = -80

Question 7.
If P = \(\left[ \begin{matrix} 1 & x & 0 \\ 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 2 & 4 & -2 \end{matrix} \right] \) is the adjoint of 3 × 3 matrix A and |A| = 4, then x is
(a) 15
(b) 12
(c) 14
(d) 11
Solution:
(d) 11
Hint:
Since |adj A| = |A|^{n – 1} (n = 3)
1(-6 + 0) – x(-2) = 4²
-6 + 2x = 16
2x = 16 + 6 = 22
x = 11

Question 8.

(a) 0
(b) -2
(c) -3
(d) -1
Solution:
(d) -1
Hint:

Question 9.
If A, B and C are invertible matrices of some order, then which one of the following is not true?
(a) adj A = |A|A^-1
(b) adj (AB) = (adj A)(adj B)
(c) det A^-1 = (det A)^-1
(d) (ABC)^-1 = C^-1B^-1A^-1
Solution:
(b) adj (AB) = (adj A)(adj B)
Hint:
adj (AB) ≠ (adj A)(adj B)

Question 10.

Solution:
(a) \(\begin{bmatrix} 2 & -5 \\ -3 & 8 \end{bmatrix}\)
Hint:
(AB)^-1 = B^-1 A^-1
(AB)^-1 A = B^-1 [A^-1]A
(AB)^-1 A = B^-1
(A^-1)^-1 = A
|A^-1| = 3 – 2 = 1

Question 11.
If A^TA^-1 is symmetric, then A² =
(a) A^-1
(b) (A^T)²
(c) A^T
(d) (A^-1)²
Solution:
(b) (A^T)²
Hint:
(A^T A^-1)^T = A^T A^-1
(A^-1)^T (A^T)^T = A^T A^-1
(A^-1)^T A = A^T A^-1
A^T (A^-1)^T AA = (A^T) A^T A^-1 A
(pre and post multiply by A^T and A)
A² = (A^T)²

Question 12.
If A is a non-singular matrix such that A^-1 = \(\begin{bmatrix} 5 & 3 \\ -2 & -1 \end{bmatrix}\), then (AT)^-1 =

Solution:
(d) \(\begin{bmatrix} 5 & -2 \\ 3 & -1 \end{bmatrix}\)
Hint:
A^-1 = \(\begin{bmatrix} 5 & 3 \\ -2 & -1 \end{bmatrix}\)
Since (A^T)^-1 = (A^-1)^T = \(\begin{bmatrix} 5 & -2 \\ 3 & -1 \end{bmatrix}\)

Question 13.

(a) \(\frac{-4}{5}\)
(b) \(\frac{-3}{5}\)
(c) \(\frac{3}{5}\)
(d) \(\frac{4}{5}\)
Solution:
(a) \(\frac{-4}{5}\)
Hint:
Since A^T = A^-1
AA^T =  I

Question 14.

(a) (cos² \(\frac{θ}{2}\))A
(b) (cos² \(\frac{θ}{2}\))A^T
(c) (cos²θ)I
(d) (sin² \(\frac{θ}{2}\))A
Solution:
(b) (cos² \(\frac{θ}{2}\))A^T
Hint:

Question 15.

(a) 0
(b) sin θ
(c) cos θ
(d) 1
Solution:
(d) 1
Hint:

cos² θ + sin² θ = k
Hence k = 1

Question 16.
If A = \(\begin{bmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ 5 & -2 \end{bmatrix}\) be such that λA^-1 = A, then λ is:
(a) 17
(b) 14
(c) 19
(d) 21
Solution:
(c) 19
Hint:
λA^-1 = A

⇒ λ = 19

Question 17.
If adj A = \(\begin{bmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 1 \end{bmatrix}\) and adj B = \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & -2 \\ -3 & 1 \end{bmatrix}\) then adj (AB) is:

Solution:
(b) \(\begin{bmatrix} -6 & 5 \\ -2 & -10 \end{bmatrix}\)
Hint:
adj (AB) = (adj B) (adj A)

Question 18.

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 4
Solution:
(a) 1
Hint:

∴ Number of non zero row = 1
ρ(A) = 1

Question 19.

(a) \(e^{(Δ_{2}/Δ_{1})}\), \(e^{(Δ_{3}/Δ_{1})}\)
(b) log(Δ₁/Δ₃), log(Δ₂/Δ₃)
(c) log(Δ₂/Δ₁), log(Δ₃/Δ₁)
(d) \(e^{(Δ_{1}/Δ_{3})}\), \(e^{(Δ_{2}/Δ_{3})}\)
Solution:
(d) \(e^{(Δ_{1}/Δ_{3})}\), \(e^{(Δ_{2}/Δ_{3})}\)
Hint:
x^ay^b = e^m
a log x + b log y = m
x^cy^d = eⁿ
c log x + d log y = n

Question 20.
Which of the following is/are correct?
(i) Adjoint of a symmetric matrix is also a symmetric matrix.
(ii) Adjoint of a diagonal matrix is also a diagonal matrix.
(iii) If A is a square matrix of order n and λ is a scalar, then adj(λA) = λⁿ adj (A).
(iv) A(adj A) = (adj A)A = |A|I
(a) Only (i)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
Solution:
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv)

Question 21.
If ρ(A) ρ([A | B]), then the system AX = B of linear equations is:
(a) consistent and has a unique solution
(b) consistent
(c) consistent and has infinitely many solutions
(d) inconsistent
Solution:
(b) consistent
Hint:
If ρ(A) = ρ[A|B] = no. of unknowns
We say consistent an unique solutions
Hence ρ(A) = ρ[A|B] ← given

Question 22.
If 0 ≤ θ ≤ π and the system of equations x + (sin θ)y – (cos θ)z = 0, (cos θ) x – y + z = 0, (sin θ) x + y + z = 0 has a non-trivial solution then θ is:
(a) \(\frac{2π}{3}\)
(b) \(\frac{3π}{4}\)
(c) \(\frac{5π}{6}\)
(d) \(\frac{π}{4}\)
Solution:
(d) \(\frac{π}{4}\)
Hint:
If AX = 0 has non  trivial solution if |A| = 0

⇒ 1(1 – 1) – sinθ (-cosθ – sinθ) – cosθ (cosθ + sinθ) = 0
⇒ + sinθ cosθ + sin²θ – cos²θ – sinθ cosθ = 0
⇒ sin²θ – cos²θ = 0
⇒ sinθ = cosθ
θ =\(\frac{π}{4}\)

Question 23.

(a) λ = 7, µ ≠ -5
(b) λ = -7, µ = 5
(c) λ ≠ 7, µ ≠ -5
(d) λ = 7, µ = -5
Solution:
(d) λ = 7, µ = -5
Hint:
ρ(A) = ρ[A | B] = 2
λ – 7 = 0 and µ + 5 = 0
λ = 7, µ = -5

Question 24.

(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 1
Solution:
(b) 4
Hint:
B = A^-1

Question 25.

Solution:
(a) \(\left[\begin{array}{rrr}
3 & -3 & 4 \\
2 & -3 & 4 \\
0 & -1 & 1
\end{array}\right]\)
Hint:
adj (adj A) = |A|^n-2 A = |A|² A
|A|= 3(-3 + 4) + 3(2) + 4 (-2)
= 3 + 6 – 8
= 1

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Trigonometry Unit Exercise 6

Question 1.
Prove that
(i) cot² A \(\left(\frac{\sec A-1}{1+\sin A}\right)\) + sec² A \(\left(\frac{\sin A-1}{1+\sec A}\right)\) = 0
(ii) \(\frac{\tan ^{2} \theta-1}{\tan ^{2} \theta+1}\) = 1 – 2 cos² θ
Answer:


Hence it is proved

= 1 – cos² θ
L.H.S = R.H.S
Hence it is proved.

Question 2.
Prove that
\(\left(\frac{1+\sin \theta-\cos \theta}{1+\sin \theta+\cos \theta}\right)^{2}=\left(\frac{1-\cos \theta}{1+\cos \theta}\right)\)
Answer:

LHS = RHS
Hence it is proved

Question 3.
If x sin² θ + y cos² θ = sin θ cos θ and x sin θ = y cos θ, then prove that x² + y² = 1.
Answer:
Given x sin² θ + y cos² θ = sin θ cos θ
x sin θ = y cos θ ……..(1)
x sin³ θ + y cos³ θ = sin θ cos θ
x sin θ (sin² θ) + y cos θ (cos² θ) = sin θ cos θ
x sin θ (sin² θ) + x sin θ (cos² θ) = sin θ cos θ
x sin θ (sin² θ + cos² θ) = sin θ cos θ
x sin θ = sin θ cos θ
x = cos θ
substitute x = cos θ in (1)
cos θ sin θ = y cos θ y = sin θ
L. H. S = x² + y² = cos² θ + sin² θ = 1
L.H. S = R.H.S
Hence it is proved.

Question 4.
If a cos θ – b sin θ = c, then prove that (a sin θ + b cos θ) = ± \(\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}-c^{2}}\).
Answer:
Given a cos θ – b sin θ = c
Squaring on both sides
(a cos θ – b sin θ)² = c²
a² cos² θ + b² sin² θ – 2 ab cos θ sin θ = c²
a² (1 – sin² θ) + b² (1 – cos² θ) – 2 ab cos θ sin θ = c²
a² – a² sin² θ + b² – b² cos² θ – 2 ab cos θ sin θ = c²
– a² sin² θ – B² – cos² θ – 2 ab cos θ sin θ = – a² – b² + c²
a² sin² θ + b² cos² θ + 2 ab cos θ sin θ = a² + b² – c²
(a sin θ + b cos θ)² – a² + b² – c²
a sin θ + b cos θ = ± \(\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}-c^{2}}\)
Hence it is proved.

Question 5.
A bird is sitting on the top of a 80 m high tree. From a point on the ground, the angle of elevation of the bird is 45° . The bird flies away horizontally in such away that it remained at a constant height from the ground. After 2 seconds, the angle of elevation of the bird from the same point is 30° . Determine the speed at which the bird flies. (\(\sqrt { 3 }\) = 1.732)
Answer:

A is the initial position of the bird B is the final position of the bird Let the speed of the bird be “s”
Distance = speed × time
∴ AB = 2x
Let CD be x
∴ CE = x + 2s
In the ∆ CDA, tan 45° = \(\frac { AD }{ CD } \)
1 = \(\frac { 80 }{ x } \)
x = 80 ……..(1)
In the ∆ BCE
tan 30° = \(\frac { BE }{ CE } \)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) = \(\frac { 80 }{ x+2s } \)
x + 2s = 80 \(\sqrt { 3 }\)
x = 80 \(\sqrt { 3 }\) – 2 s ………(2)
From (1) and (2) we get
80 \(\sqrt { 3 }\) – 2 s = 80
80 \(\sqrt { 3 }\) – 80 = 2 s ⇒ 80 (\(\sqrt { 3 }\) – 1) = 2 s
s = \(\frac{80(\sqrt{3}-1)}{2}\) = 40 (1.732 – 1) = 40 × 0.732 = 29.28
Speed of the flying bird = 29.28 m/sec

Question 6.
An aeroplane is flying parallel to the Earth’s surface at a speed of 175 m/sec and at a height of 600 m. The angle of elevation of the aeroplane from a point on the Earth’s surface is 37° at a given point. After what period of time does the angle of elevation increase to 53°? (tan 53° = 1.3270, tan 37° = 0.7536)
Answer:
Let C is the initial and D is the final position of the aeroplane.
Let the time taken by the aeroplane be “t”
∴ CD = 175 t (Distance = speed × time)

Let AB be x
∴ AE = x + 175 t
In the right ∆ ABC


∴ Time taken is 1. 97 seconds

Question 7.
A bird is flying from A towards B at an angle of 35°, a point 30 km away from A. At B it changes its course of flight and heads towards C on a bearing of 48° and distance 32 km away.
(i) How far is B to the North of A?
(ii) How far is B to the West of A?
(iii) How far is C to the North of B?
(iv) How far is C to the East of B?
(sin 55° = 0.8192, cos 55° = 0.5736, sin 42° = 0.6691, cos 42° = 0.7431)
Answer:

(i) To find the distance of B to the north of A
In ∆ ABB,

Distance of B to the North of A = 24. 58 km

(ii) Distance from B to the west of A is AB’
In ∆ ABB’
cos 55° = \(\frac{\mathrm{AB}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{AB}}\)
0.5736 = \(\frac{A B^{\prime}}{30}\)
∴ AB’ = 0.5736 × 30 = 17. 21 km
Distance of B to the West of A is 17. 21 km

(iii) Distance from C to the North of B is CD
In the right ∆ BCD, sin 42° = \(\frac { CD }{ BC } \)
0.6691 = \(\frac { BD }{ 32 } \)
∴ CD = 0.6691 × 32 = 21.41 km
Distance of C to the North B is 21. 41 km

(iv) The distance of C to the East of B is BD
In the right ∆ BDC, cos 42° = \(\frac { BD }{ BC } \)
0.7431 = \(\frac { BD }{ 32 } \)
∴ BD = 0.7431 × 32
= 23.78 km
Distance of C to the East of B is 23.78 km.

Question 8.
Two ships are sailing in the sea on either side of the lighthouse. The angles of depression of two ships as observed from the top of the lighthouse are 60° and 45° respectively. If the distance between the ships is 200 \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\) meters, find the height of the lighthouse
Answer:
Let A and B the position of the first ship and the second ship
Distance = 200 \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\) m
Let the height of the light house CD be “h”

In the right ∆ ACD, tan 60° = \(\frac { CD }{ AD } \)
\(\sqrt { 3 }\) = \(\frac { h }{ AD } \)
∴ AD = \(\frac{h}{\sqrt{3}}\) ……….(1)
In the right ∆ BCD
tan 45° = \(\frac { DC }{ BD } \)
1 = \(\frac { h }{ BD } \)
∴ BD = h
Distance between the two ships = AD + BD
200 (\(\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}}\)) = \(\frac{h}{\sqrt{3}}\) + h ⇒ 200 (\(\sqrt { 3 }\) + 1) = h + \(\sqrt { 3 }\) h
200 (\(\sqrt { 3 }\) + 1) = h(1 + \(\sqrt { 3 }\)) ⇒ h = \(\frac{200(\sqrt{3}+1)}{(1+\sqrt{3})}\)
h = 200
Height of the light house = 200 m

Question 9.
A building and a statue are in opposite side of a street from each other 35 m apart. From a point on the roof of building the angle of elevation of the top of statue is 24° and the angle of depression of base of the statue is 34° . Find the height of the statue. (tan 24° = 0.4452, tan 34° = 0.6745)
Answer:
Let the height of the statue be “h” m
Let AD be x
∴ EC = h – x
In the right ∆ ABD,

tan 34° = \(\frac { AD }{ AB } \)
0.6745 = \(\frac { x }{ 35 } \)
∴ x = 0.6745 × 35 ⇒ x = 23.61 m
In the right ∆ DEC ⇒ tan 24° = \(\frac { EC }{ DE } \)
0.4452 = \(\frac { h-x }{ 35 } \) ⇒ h – x = 0.4452 × 35
h – 23.61 = 15. 58 ⇒ h = 15.58 + 23.61 = 39.19 m
Height of the statue = 39.19 m

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.7 Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.7

Question 1.
Solve the following system of homogeneous equations.
(i) 3x + 2y + 7z = 0; 4x – 3y – 2z = 0; 5x + 9y + 23z = 0
Solution:

ρ(A) = 2 ρ[A | B] = 2
ρ(A) ρ[A | B] = 2 < n
The system is consistent. It has non trivial solution.
Writing the equivalent equations from echelon form
3x + 2y + 7z = 0 ………… (1)
-17y – 34z = 0 ……….. (2)
Put z = t
(2) ⇒ -17y = 34t
y = \(\frac {34t}{-17}\) = -2t
(1) ⇒ 3x + 2(-2t) + 7t = 0
3x – 4t + 7t = 0
3x + 3t = 0
3x = -3t
x = -t
(x, y, z) (-t, -2t, t) ∀ t ∈ R

(ii) 2x + 3y – z = 0, x – y – 2z = 0, 3x + y + 3z = 0
Solution:

ρ(A) = 3 ρ[A | B] = 3
ρ(A) = ρ[A | B] = 3
The system is consistent. It has trivial solution.
x = 0, y = 0, z = 0

Question 2.
Determine the values of λ for which the following system of equations.
x + y + 3z = 0; 4x + 3y + λz = 0, 2x + y + 2z = 0 has
(i) a unique solution
(ii) a non-trivial solution.
Solution:

Case (i):
if λ ≠ 8
ρ(A) = 3 ρ(A | B) = 3
ρ(A) = ρ(A | B) = 3 = n
The system is consistent. It has unique (trivial) solution.
∴ Solution x = 0, y = 0, z = 0

Case (ii):
if λ = 8
ρ(A)= ρ(A | B) = 2
ρ(A) = ρ(A | B) = 2 < n
The system is consistent. It has non trivial solution.

Question 3.
By using Gaussian elimination method, balance the chemical -reaction equation:
C₂H₆ + O₂ → H₂O + CO₂.
Solution:
We are searching for positive integers x₁, x₂, x₃ and x₄
x₁ C₂H₆ + x₂ O₂ → x₃ H₂O + x₄ CO₂ ……….(1)
The number of carbon atoms on the LHS of (1) should be equal to the number of carbon atoms on the RHS of (1) so we get a linear
homogeneous equation.
2x₁ x₄ = 2x₁ – x₄ = 0 ……..(2)
6x₁ = 2x₃ = 6x₁ – 2x₃ = 0
÷ 2 ⇒ 3x₁ – x₃ = 0 ………(3)
2x₂ = x₃ + 2x₄ ⇒ 2x₂ – x₃ – 2x₄ = 0 ……… (4)
Equation (2), (3) and (4) constitute a homogeneous system of linear equations in four unknowns.
Augmented matrix

The system is consistent and has an infinite number of solutions.
Writing the equations using the echelon form we get
-2x₃ + 3x₄ = 0 ……….. (1)
2x₂ – x₃ – 2x₄ = 0 ………… (2)
2x₁ – x₄ = 0 …………. (3)
Put x₄ = t
(3) ⇒ 2x₁ – t = 0
x₁ = \(\frac {t}{2}\)
(1) ⇒ -2x₃ + 3x₄ = 0
-2x₃ = -3t
x₃ = \(\frac {3}{2}\) t
(2) ⇒ 2x₂ – x₃ – 2x₄ = 0
2x₂ – \(\frac {3}{2}\) t – 2t = 0
2x₂ = \(\frac {3}{2}\) t + 2t = \(\frac {7t}{2}\)
x₂ = \(\frac {7t}{4}\)
(x₁, x₂, x₃, x₄) = (\(\frac {t}{2}\), \(\frac {7t}{4}\), \(\frac {3}{2}\)t, t) ∀ t ∈ R
since x₁, x₂, x₃ and x₄ are positive integers.
Let us choose t = 4

So the balanced equation is
2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 6H₂O + 4CO₂.

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Solutions History Chapter 4 The World after World War II

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science The World after World War II Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Who was the first director of Whampoa Military Academy?
(a) Sun Yat-Sen
(b) Chiang Kai-Shek
(c) Michael Borodin
(d) Chou En Lai
Answer:
(b) Chiang Kai-Shek

Question 2.
Which American President followed the policy of containment of Communism?
(a) Woodrow Wilson
(b) Truman
(c) Theodore Roosevelt
(d) Franklin Roosevelt
Answer:
(b) Truman

Question 3.
When was People’s Political Consultative Conference held in China?
(a) September 1959
(b) September 1948
(c) September 1954
(d) September 1949
Answer:
(d) September 1949

Question 4.
The United States and European allies formed to resist any Soviet aggression in Europe.
(a) SEATO
(b) NATO
(c) SENTO
(d) Warsaw Pact
Answer:
(b) NATO

Question 5.
Who became the Chairman of the PLO’s Executive Committee in 1969?
(a) Hafez al-Assad
(b) Yasser Arafat
(c) Nasser
(d) Saddam Hussein
Answer:
(b) Yasser Arafat

Question 6.
When was North and South Vietnam united?
(a) 1975
(b) 1976
(c) 1973
(d) 1974
Answer:
(b) 1976

Question 7.
Where was Arab League formed?
(a) Cairo
(b) Jordan
(c) Lebanon
(d) Syria
Answer:
(a) Cairo

Question 8.
When was the Warsaw Pact dissolved?
(a) 1979
(b) 1989
(c) 1990
(d) 1991
Answer:
(d) 1991

II. Fill in the blanks

1. ………………. was known as the “Father of modern China”.
2. in 1918, the society for the study of Marxism was formed in ………………. University.
3. After the death of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen, the leader of the Kuomintang party was ……………….
4. ……………….. treaty is open to any Arab nation desiring peace and security in the region.
5. The treaty of ………………. provided for mandates in Turkish -Arab Empire.
6. Germany joined the NATO in ……………….
7. ………………. was the Headquarters of the Council of Europe.
8. ………………. treaty signed on February 7,1992 created the European Union.

Answers:

1. Dr. Sun Yat-Sen
2. Peking
3. Chiang-Kai-Sheik
4. Central Treaty organisation
5. Versailles
6. 1955
7. Strasbourg
8. Maastricht

III. Choose the correct statement / statements

Question 1.
(i) In China (1898) the young emperor, under the influence of the educated
minority, initiated a series of reforms known as the 100 days of reforms.
(ii) The Kuomintang Party represented the interests of the workers and peasants.
(iii) Yuan Shih-Kai had lost prestige in the eyes of Nationalists, when he agreed to the demand of Japan to have economic control of Manchuria and Shantung.
(iv) Soviet Union refused to recognize the People’s Republic of China for more than two decades.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (i) and (iii) are correct
(d) (i) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(c) (i) and (iii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) In 1948, the Soviets had established left wing government in the countries of Eastern Europe that had been liberated by the Soviet Army.
(ii) The chief objective of NATO was to preserve peace and security in the North Atlantic region.
(iii) The member countries of SEATO were committed to prevent democracy from gaining ground in the region.
(iv) Britain used the atomic bomb against Japan to convey its destructive capability to the USSR.
(a) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i) and (ii) are correct
(c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
Answer:
(b) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 3.
Assertion (A): America’s Marshall Plan was for reconstruction of the war¬. ravaged Europe.
Reason (R): The US conceived the Marshal Plan to bring the countries in the Western Europe under its influence.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A)and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

IV. Match the following

Answer:
A. (ii)
B. (iii)
C. (iv)
D. (v)
E. (i)

V. Answer briefly

Question 1.
Write any three causes for the Chinese Revolution of 1911.
Answer:
Three causes of the Chinese Revolution of 1911 are

1. The government of Manchu dynasty began to disintegrate with the death of the Empress Dowager Cixi in 1908. The new emperor was two-years old and the provincial governors began to assert their independence. In October 1911 the local army mutinied and the revolt spread.
2. There were a few middle class leaders. Dr. Sun Yat-sen was one among them. He took part in the rising against the Manchus in 1895. The rising failed and Sun Yat-Sen was sent in the prison. But he continued to spread nationalist ideas.
3. Yuan Shih-Kai, who had earlier served as a minister in the Manchu administration, persuaded those responsible for the ascension of the young Emperor to prevant on him to abdicate.

Question 2.
Explain how in 1928 Kuomintang and Chiang-Kai Shek established Central Government in China.
Answer:
Chiang Kai-shek started conquering China. Starting from Canton, in 1928, he captured Peking and also removed all communists in the Kuomintang party. Thus, he established Central government in China.

Question 3.
Write a note on Mao’s Long March.
Answer:
Mao was an active leader who had gained full control of the Chinese Communist Party, by 1933. In 1934, he organised communist army of about 100,000 and set out on a long March. The marchers were continually harassed by Kuominatang forces, by local war lords and by unfriendly tribesmen of the 100,000 who set out, only 20,000 finally arrived in northern Shemi in late 1935, after crossing nearly 6000 miles. They were soon poined by other communist armies. By 1937, Mao had become the leader of over 10 million people. Mao’s Long March, as it is called so, has become legendary in the history of China.

Question 4.
What do you know of Baghdad Pact?
Answer:
In 1955, Turkey, Iraq, Great Britain, Iran and Pakistan signed a pact known as Baghdad pact. In 1958, when United States joined, then it was called as Central Treaty organization. The treaty was open to any Arab nation desiring peace and security in their region. It was dissolved in 1979.

Question 5.
What was the Marshall Plan?
Answer:
The Marshall Plan was an American initiative passed in 1948 to and Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $12 Billion in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II. It operated for four years beginning in April 1948. The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-tom regions, modernise industry and improve European prosperity.

Question 6.
The Suez Canal crisis confirmed that Israel had been created to serve the cause of western interests-Elaborate.
Answer:
In 1956, Egypt invaded Suez Canal under Colonel Nasser and nationalized it. With the failure of diplomacy, Britain and France decided to use force. They bombed Egyptian air fields as well as Suez Canal area. However, United States and United Nations pressure, all the three invaders withdrew from Suez Canal.

Question 7.
Write a note on Third World Countries.
Answer:
The capitalist countries led by the US were politically designated as the First Worlds, while the communist states led by the Soviet Union came to be known as the Second World states, outside these two were called third World. During the Cold War, third World consisted of the developing world the former colonies of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. With the break up of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the process of globalisation, the term Third World has lost its relevance.

Question 8.
How was the Cuban missile crisis defused?
Answer:
In April 1961, on the island of Bay of Pigs, U.S bombed Cuban airfields and surrounded Cuba, with their warships. At the same time, USSR was secretly installing nuclear missiles in Cuba. Finally when Soviet President Khrushchev agreed to withdraw the missiles, the Cuban missile-crisis defused.

VI. Answer all the questions under each caption

Question 1.
Cold War

(a) Name the two military blocs that emerged in the Post-World War II.
Answer:
United States and the Soviet Union were the two military blocs that emerged in the post World War-II.

(b) Who coined the term “Cold War” and who used it first?
Answer:
The term Cold war was first coined by the English writer George Orwell in 1945 and it was used for the first time by Bernard Baruch, a multimillionaire from USA.

(c) What was the response of Soviet Russia to the formation of NATO?
Answer:
Warsaw Pact was the response of Soviet Russia to the formation of NATO.

(d) What was the context in which Warsaw Pact was dissolved?
Answer:
With the Break-up of USSR in 1991, the Warsaw Pact was dissolved.

Question 2.
Korean War

(a) Who was the President of North Korea during the Korean War?
Answer:
Kim II was the President of North Korea during the Korean War.

(b) Name the southern rival to the President of North Korea.
Answer:
Syngman Rhee

(c) How long did the Korean War last?
Answer:
The Korean War lasted three years

(d) What was the human cost of the War?
Answer:
The human cost was enormous, there were 500,000 western casualties and three times that number on the other side. Approximately two million Korean civilian died.

Question 3.
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

(a) When and where was the first conference on Non-Aligned Movement held?
Answer:
At Belgrade, in 1961, the first conference on NAM was held.

(b) Who were the prominent personalities present in the first conference?
Answer:
The prominent personalities present in the first conference were Tito (Yugoslavia), Nasser (Egypt), Nehru (India), Nikrumah (Ghana), Sukrano (Indonesia),.

(c) What were the objectives of NAM?
Answer:
Peaceful co-existence, commitment to peace and security.

(d) List out any two basic principles of Non-Alignment Movement enunciated in the Belgrade Conference.
Answer:

1. Non-Alignment with any of the two super powers (USA/USSR).
2. Fight all forms of colonialism and Imperialism.

VII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Estimate the role of Mao Tse tung in making China a communist country.
Answer:

1. Mao was greatly influenced by the ideas of Max and Lenin. He wanted to make China a communist country. So, he became active in the political activities of Hunan from the year 1912.
2. After the death of Sun Yat-Sen in 1925, The Kuomintang was organised under the leadership of Chang Kai-Shek. Being an avowed critic of communists, Chiang removed all the important position holders in the Communist Party including Mao Tse Tung to weaken the party. However, the communists continued to influence the workers and peasants the Kuomintang represented the interests of landlords and capitalists.
3. Mao had understood that the Kuomintang grip on the towns was too strong. So, he started organising the peasantry. When the relationships between Kuomintang and Communist Party broke, a few hundred Communist-led by Mao retreated into the wild mountains on the border between the provinces of Kiangsi and Hunan. The Kuomintang could not penetrate the mountains.
4. Meanwhile, the campaign against the communists got distracted as Chiang Kai-Shek had to deal with the constant threat from Japan.
5. By 1933 Mao had gained full control of the Chinese Communist Party. In 1934, he set out on a long march with the help of about 100,000 communist army. He also got support of other communist armies.
6. By 1937, Mao had become the leader of over 10 million people. He organised workers and peasants councils in villages of Shensi and Kansu and finally got success in making China a communist country.

Question 2.
Attempt an essay on the Arab-lsraeii wars of 1967 and 1973.
Answer:

1. Before the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, all Arabs and their . descendants lived in the Palestine.
2. Ever since the formation, the Palestinian Liberation organisation (PLO). Israel came to be attacked by the Palestinian Guerrilla groups based in Syria, Lebanon and Jordan.
3. Israel resorted to violent military force .
4. In November 1966, an Israeli strike on the village of Al-Samu in the west bank of Jordan killed 18 people and wounded 54 people.
5. Israel’s air battle with Syria in April 1967 ended in the shooting down of six Syrian MIG fighter jets.
6. After air battle with Syria, when Arab States were mobilized by Nasser on June 5th Israel staged a sudden air strike that destroyed more than, 90% of Egypt’s air force on the tarmac.
7. Later, Egypt and Syria under Presidents Anwar Sadat and Hafez-al- Assad respectively concluded a secret agreement in January 1973 to bring their armies under one command.
8. When peace deals did not work out with Israel, Egypt and Syria launched a sudden and surprise attack on the Yom Kippur religious holiday on 6^th October 1973.
9. Though Israel suffered heavy casualities, it finally pushed back the Arab forces.
10. Due to U.N intervention, Israel was forced to return and Arabs gained nothing.
11. U.S succeeded in showing their control on their region and oil resource, led to U. S led war against Iraq in 1991.

Question 3.
Narrate the history of transformation of Council of Europe into an European Union.
Answer:
(i) After World War II, it was decided to integrate the states of western Europe. One of the chief objectives was to prevent further European wars by ending the rivalry between France and Germany. In May 1949, ten countries met in London and signed a form called Council of Europe

(ii) Since the Council of Europe had no real power, a proposal to set up two European organisations were made. Accordingly, the European Defence Community (EDC) and the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) were established. Six countries belonging to ECSC signed the treaty of Rome which established the European Economic Community (EEC) or the European Common Market, with headquarters at Brussels.

(iii) The EEC facilitated the elimination of barriers to the movement of goods and services, capital, and labour. It also prohibited public policies or private agreements that restricted market comptetion. Throughout the 1970s and 80s the EEC kept expanding its membership.

(iv) The single European Act came into force on July 1, 1987. It significantly expanded the EEC’s scope giving the meetings of the EPC a legal basis. It also called for more intensive coordination of foreign policy among member countries. According to the SEA each member was given multiple votes, depending on the countries population.

(v) The Maastricht (Netherlands) Treaty signed on February 7, 1992, created the European Union (EU). Today the European Union has 28 member states, and is functioning from its headquarters at Brussels, Belgium.

VIII. Activity

Question 1.
Divide the class into two groups. Let one group act as supporters of USA and the other group act as supporters of Soviet Union, Organise a debate.
Answer:
One group of students act as the supports of USA and the other group act as supporters of Soviet Union on their role in the cold war era.
(Students can have debate based on the following aspects)

During the time of cold war, the two super powers that emerged was USA and USSR.

Strengths of USA:

1. Strongest navy both the Pacific and Atlantic.
2. Continued and strong economic position that the USA held in the beginning till the end.
3. Foreign policy of the USA. The actions of USA during the cold war era, very powerful and could guarantee others the strong power of the nation is to prevent communism spreading elsewhere.
4. The country was able to generate the vast amount of wealth necessary to sustain the investment in weapons, technology and other operations.
5. USA was also technologically powerful in target finding, tracking, sensors etc.
6. The Truman’s doctrine was used throughout the war time. The doctrine helped USA to negotiate with other states to adopt capitalism.

Strengths of USSR:

1. Strongest land based military, especially tanks.
2. USSR developed air defense equipment and networks.
3. Spread of Communism joined together backed USSR.
4. As against NATO, USSR also formed military block, the Warsaw pact.
5. With Western European countries USSR facilitated trade relations.
6. Highly strengthened space exploration.

In the end of cold war, the Soviet Union fell, and the Communism expired.

Question 2.
Involving the entire class, an album may be prepared with pictures relating to Korean, Arab-lsraeli and Vietnam Wars to highlight the human sufferings in terms of death and devastation.
Answer:
Students should go to the search engine in google and type “The War’s impact on the Korean peninsula and trace the article of the journal of America – East Asia Relations” for a detailed Report.

Korean War: To give a sample answer: According to a U.S. Department of state publication, the number of killed, wounded and missing from the Armed forces of the Republic of Korea exceeded 4,00.000. From the U.S. side, 1,42,000. In addition, the heavy toll in death and injuries to the civilian population as well as wide property damage.

Arab-Israel War: Students should trace the answer from the google search engine as: The U.N. Report on Israel’s Gaza War.

To give a sample answer: From the 183 page report of the U.N. report, it is very clear that many civilians died. More than 6,000 Israeli airstrikes, 14,500 tank shells and 35,000 artillery shells led to the destruction of about 18,000 dwellings in Gaza. Nearly 1,462 Palestinian civilians, 299 women and 551 children were killed (According to U.N. Investigation). In Israel six civilians and 67 soldiers were killed.

Vietnam War: Students should trace the answer in the google search engine as “The War’s effect on the Vietnamese Land and People” for a detailed report.

To give a sample answer: About 58,000 American soldiers were killed and another 3,04,000 were wounded. Since most of the fighting took place in Vietnam, an estimated 4 million Vietnamese were killed on both sides including as many as 1 -3 million civilians. Many Vietnamese in country side turned into homeless refuges. Many forms and forests were destroyed.

Along with the detailed report, students should collect pictures showing Korea, Arab-Israel and Vietnam War, highlighting human sufferings. Students should click to google search engine and go to → Images → then type Korean War pictures / Arab Israel War pictures / Vietnam War pictures, download it take a print out of its and paste it in a A4 sheet paper or an a chart paper neatly and create an album.

Timeline:

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science The World after World War II Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The emergence of ……………. and ……………. as super powers resulted in the division of the World into two block after World War II.
(a) Japan, USA
(b) USA, USSR
(c) China, Japan
(d) USA, Germany
Answer:
(b) USA, USSR

Question 2.
Dr.Sun yat-sen was born in a poor family near ………
(a) Canton
(b) France
(c) Spain
Answer:
(a) Canton

Question 3
……………. was called the father of modern China.
(a) Chiang-Kai-Shek
(b) Yuan-Shi-Kai
(c) Mao-Tse-Tung
(d) Dr. Sun Yat-Sen
Answer:
(d) Dr. Sun Yat-Sen

Question 4.
Mao was born in ……… in South – East China.
(a) Cambodia
(b) Vietnam
(c) Hunan
Answer:
(c) Hunan

Question 5.
Yuan-Shi-Kai died in the year …………….
(a) 1912
(b) 1913
(c) 1915
(d) 1916
Answer:
(d) 1916

Question 6.
Which of the following is not a part of Indo – China?
(a) Cambodia
(b) China
(c) Vietnam
Answer:
(b) China

Question 7.
The Historical Long March set out in China in …………….
(a) 1935
(b) 1937
(c) 1934
(d) 1936
Answer:
(c) 1934

Question 8.
In which of the following was indentured Vietnamese labour widely used?
(a) Rice cultivation
(b) Rubber plantation
(c) Industry
Answer:
(b) Rubber plantation

Question 9.
……………. was the leader of the people’s Republic of China.
(a) Marshall
(b) Truman
(c) Mao-Tse-Tung
(d) Chiang-Kai-shek
Answer:
(c) Mao-Tse-Tung

Question 10.
Ho Chi Minh means ………
(a) He, Who enlightens
(b) Enlightenment
(c) The Enlightened one
Answer:
(a) He, Who enlightens

Question 11.
The Idea of European self-help programme financed by the United States was called as …………….
(a) NATO
(b) SEATO
(c) ECA
(d) Marshall plan
Answer:
(d) Marshall plan

Question 12.
EURATOM was established by the ………
(a) Treaty of Nanking
(b) Treaty of Rome
(c) Treaty of London
Answer:
(b) Treaty of Rome

Question 13.
The term ‘cold war’ was first coined by the English writer …………….
(a) Shakespeare
(b) George Orwell
(c) William Dexter
(d) Peter Alphonse
Answer:
(b) George Orwell

Question 14.
As a part of Marshall plan financing, European nations received nearly ……………. billion in aid.
(a) $ 12
(b) $ 11
(c) $ 15
(d) $ 13
Answer:
(d) $ 13

Question 15.
Greece and Turkey joined NATO in the year …………….
(a) 1945
(b) 1947
(c) 1952
(d) 1955
Answer:
(c) 1952

Question 16.
……………. was otherwise called as pact.
(a) NATO
(b) CENTO
(c) SEATO
(d) EC SC
Answer:
(d) EC SC

Question 17
……………. are included as member countries in NATO.
(a) Canada, Belgium
(b) U.K., Portugal
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 18.
NATO had ……………. members by the year 2017.
(a) 30
(b) 51
(c) 29
(d) 24
Answer:
(c) 29

Question 19.
In December 1954, a conference of eight European nations took place in Moscow. This was called as …………….
(a) Warsaw pact
(b) Counter to NATO
(c) SEATO
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question 20.
The headquarters of the Warsaw pact was …………….
(a) Belgium
(b) Poland
(c) Moscow
(d) Romania
Answer:
(c) Moscow

Question 21.
The Korea was partitioned into North and South Korea in the year …………….
(a) 1944
(b) 1945
(c) 1946
(d) 1947
Answer:
(b) 1945

Question 22.
With the collapse of the ……………. the idea of non-alignment lost relevance.
(a) Berlin
(b) CIA
(c) ECA
(d) Soviet Union
Answer:
(d) Soviet Union

Question 23.
The NAM held its first conference at ……………. in 1961.
(a) Bandung
(b) Belgrade
(c) Thailand
(d) Philippine
Answer:
(b) Belgrade

Question 24.
The World Zionist Organisation was founded in the year …………….
(a) 1857
(b) 1887
(c) 1897
(d) 1867
Answer:
(c) 1897

Question 25.
Castro nationalised the U.S. owned ……………. companies.
(a) cotton
(b) sugar
(c) oil
(d) petrol
Answer:
(b) sugar

Question 26.
The Cuban Missile crisis was defused by ……………. as the agreed to withdraw the missiles.
(a) Khrushchev
(b) Fidel Castro
(c) Leumi
(d) Stem Gang
Answer:
(a) Khrushchev

Question 27.
In the Arab World, it is treated as the ……………. when large number of Arabs become refugees.
(a) Catastrophe
(b) Nakbah
(c) Negev and (b)
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question 28.
For resolving the Suez Canal Crisis, ……………. from Indian played a crucial role.
(a) Gandhi
(b) Nehru
(c) Bose
(d) Tilak
Answer:
(b) Nehru

Question 29.
Arab-lsrael war took place in the years …………….
(a) 1967,69
(b) 1969,74
(c) 1967,73
(d) 1972,73
Answer:
(c) 1967,73

Question 30.
……………. became the first president of the state of Palestine in 1989.
(a) Anwar Sadat
(b) Yasser Arafat
(c) Nasser Arafat
(d) Nasser Hussain
Answer:
(b) Yasser Arafat

Question 31.
By the end of second world war, ……………. controlled the northern half of Vietnam.
(a) Vietminh
(b) Ho-Chi-Minh
(c) Ngo Dinh Diem
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Vietminh

Question 32.
……………. controlled the southern half of the Vietnam.
(a) Viet Minh
(b) Bao Dai
(c) Ngo Dinh Diam
(d) None
Answer:
(b) Bao Dai

Question 33.
The North and the South Vietnam were formally united as one country in …………….
(a) 1973
(b) 1976
(c) 1975
(d) 1974
Answer:
(b) 1976

Question 34.
In May 1949, ten countries met in ……………. and signed to form a council of Europe.
(a) Japan
(b) Syria
(c) London
(d) France
Answer:
(c) London

Question 35.
To prevent further European War ……………. was founded.
(a) Council of Europe
(b) Council of Trent
(c) ECSC
(d) EU
Answer:
(a) Council of Europe

Question 36.
……………. did not join the EEC, when it was formed.
(a) U.K
(b) U.S.A
(c) USSR
(d) Italy
Answer:
(a) U.K

Question 37.
Britain, voted to exit the EU in the year …………….
(a) 2015
(b) 2014
(c) 2017
(d) 2019
Answer:
(c) 2017

Question 38.
West Berlin was supported by …………….
(a) USA
(b) UK
(c) USSR
(d) Germany
Answer:
(a) USA

Question 39.
East Berlin was supported by …………….
(a) USA
(b) UK
(c) USSR
(d) Germany
Answer:
(c) USSR

Question 40.
Germany was officially united on …………….
(a) 1987
(b) 1989
(c) 1990
(d) 2003
Answer:
(c) 1990

Question 41.
in 1985, ……………. became the head of the USSR.
(a) Mikhai Gorbachev
(b) Reagen
(c) Stalin
(d) Kohl
Answer:
(a) Mikhai Gorbachev

Question 42.
The Chernobyl disaster took place in the year …………….
(a) 1987
(b) 1984
(c) 1986
(d) 2006
Answer:
(c) 1986

Question 43.
Gorbachev announced his resignation on …………….
(a) 21st November
(b) 25th December
(c) 2nd October
(d) 15th August
Answer:
(b) 25th December

Question 44.
USSR dissolved formally In the year …………….
(a) 31st Dec. 1990
(b) 30th Dec. 1991
(c) 31st Dec. 1991
(d) 28,h Feb. 1991
Answer:
(c) 31st Dec. 1991

Question 45.
……………. was an ally of Gorbachev.
(a) Yeltsin
(b) Brezhnev
(c) Khrushchev
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Yeltsin

II. Fill in the blanks

1. ………………… and ………………… were the Superpowers after the World War II.
2. The cold war period ended with the fall of …………………
3. Empress Dowager died in ………………… led to the disintegration of the Manchu dynasty.
4. Kuomintang party of China was otherwise called as ………………… party.
5. ………………… was the ultimate aim of Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s party.
6. The Chinese revolution broke out in the year …………………
7. The first director of the Whampoa Military academy was …………………
8. The campaign against the communists led by Chiang-Kai-Shek was distracted by ………………… and warlords.
9. By ………………… Mao became the leader of the Chinese people.
10. Over ………………… delegates from various countries attended the people’s political consultative conference.
11. When Japanese surrendered in 1945, the Japanese areas were occupied by the …………………
12. By the year …………………, communist control has been established over most parts of China.
13. The two mighty communist powers in the world were ………………… and …………………
14. The term cold war was first coined by …………………
15. ………………… nations became a part of Marshall’s plan of self-help programme.
16. The Marshall plan funding ended in …………………
17. ………………… was created to resist Soviet aggression in Europe.
18. NATO means …………………
19. NATO was formed in the year …………………
20. The members of NATO agreed that, any armed attack on any one of them would be considered attack on …………………
21. For the collective security of the South-east Asia, ………………… was formed in 1954.
22. Member of SEATO were committed to prevent …………………
23. SEATO was formed in 1954, after signing of the …………………
24. ………………… was formed by Soviet Union as a counter to NATO.
25. ………………… European nations attended the Warsaw pact in December 1954.
26. The treaty on Warsaw pact was concluded on …………………
27. The Warsaw pact was dissolved in …………………
28. The Warsaw pact dissolved because of the break-up of …………………
29. The Baghdad pact was otherwise called as …………………
30. Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan and Great Britain signed a treaty in 1955, known as …………………
31. When U.S.A joined the Baghdad pact, it was called by name …………………
32. USA joined the Baghdad pact in the year …………………
33. CENTO was dissolved in the year …………………
34. Korea was partitioned as North Korea and South Korea in the year …………………
35. The president of North Korea was …………………
36. The party of Kim II was called as …………………
37. The president of the South Korea was …………………
38. The party of Syngman Rhee was …………………
39. Korean War lasted for ………………… years.
40. NAM refers to the …………………
41. NAM was signed in ………………… at the ………………… conference.
42. Bandung is a city in …………………
43. With the collapse of ………………… the idea of NAM lost importance.
44. CIA is a Central Intelligence Agency of …………………
45. The Act of ………………… in Cuba, threatened American economic interests.
46. USA bombed Cuban ………………… with the aim of overthrowing Castro’s regime.
47. ………………… was the president of USSR, when the Cuban Missile crisis took place.
48. Cuba was helped by …………………
49. When USSR remove missile from Cuba, USA had to agree to remove missile from ………………… and …………………
50. ………………… was a Zionist Terrorist Organisation.
51. The Zionist Para-military organization was called as …………………
52. The World Zionist organization was founded in the year …………………
53. Jews living outside their ancient home scattered around North America and Europe was called as …………………
54. ………………… Nationalised Suez Canal.
55. India represented by ………………… played a crucial role in resolving the crisis.
56. The Arab-lsraeli War took place in the years ………………… and …………………
57. PLO refers to …………………
58. PLO was formed in …………………
59. ………………… was the prominent leader of Palestine.
60. By the end of the Second World War, ………………… Controlled the northern half of Vietnam.
61. South Vietnam was ruled by …………………
62. America supported troops of ………………… Vietnam.
63. The city of ………………… was renamed as Ho-Chi-Minh city.
64. To create a United Europe to resist any threat from Soviet Russia, ………………… was formed.
65. European Economic Community was otherwise called as …………………
66. SEA refers to …………………
67. According to the SEA, each member was given ………………… votes.
68. The ………………… Treaty created the European Union.
69. Maastricht is in …………………
70. EU was created on Maastricht treaty signed on …………………
71. The headquarters of the EU is at …………………
72. Brussels is at …………………
73. ………………… Germany was prosperous.
74. ………………… Germany was suffering from lack of democracy and freedom.
75. Germany was officially reunited on …………………
76. Glasnost means …………………
77. Perestroika means …………………
78. ………………… was introduced by Gorbachev to restructure Soviet economic and political system.
79. After Gorbachev, power fell into the hands of …………………
80. For ………………… days, Soviet Union, continued to exist only in name.
81. Soviet Union dissolved formally on 31st December …………………
82. USSR split into ………………… countries.
83. ………………… was the president of the newly independent Russian State.
84. U.S.A. troops used ………………… weapons in their war against Vietnam.
85. Napalm and Agent Orange are the names of incendiary …………………

Answers:

1. USA and USSR
2. Berlin Wall
3. 1908
4. National People’s Party
5. Socialism
6. 1911
7. Chiang-Kai-Shek
8. Japan
9. 1937
10. 650
11. Kuomintang
12. 1948
13. Soviet Union, People’s Republic of China
14. George Orwell
15. Sixty
16. 1951
17. NATO
18. North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
19. 1949
20. NATO
21. SEATO
22. Communism
23. Manila Pact
24. Warsaw Pact
25. 8 (eight)
26. May 14, 1955
27. 1991
28. USSR
29. Central Treaty Organisation
30. Baghdad Pact
31. Central Treaty Organisation
32. 1958
33. 1979
34. 1945
35. Kim II
36. People’s Republic of Korea
37. Syngman Rhee
38. The Republic of Korea
39. three
40. Non-Aligned Movement
41. 1955, Bandung
42. Indonesia
43. Soviet Union
44. America
45. Castro
46. Airfields
47. Khrushchev
48. USSR
49. Turkey, Italy
50. Stem Gang
51. Irgun Zvai Leumi
52. 1897
53. Diaspora
54. Colonel Nasser
55. Nehru
56. 1967, 1973
57. Palestine Liberation Organisation
58. 1948
59. Yasser Arafat
60. Viet Minh
61. Ngo Dinh Diem
62. South
63. Saigon
64. Council of Europe
65. European Common Market
66. Single European Act
67. multiple
68. Maastricht
69. Netherlands
70. Feb 7, 1992
71. Brussels
72. Belgium
73. West Berlin’s
74. East Berlin
75. 3rd October 1990
76. openness
77. restructuring
78. Perestroika
79. Boris Yeltsin
80. Six 81.1991
81. 15
82. Boris Yeltsin
83. Bacteriological
84. bombs

III. Choose the correct statement / statements

Question 1.
(i) The cold war period ended with the fall of Berlin Wall
(ii) Mao concentrated mainly on organizing the peasantry.
(iii) In 1937, the communist army of about 100,000 set out on the Long march.
(iv) Marshall plan funded nearly $ 15 billion.
(a) (ii and (ii) are correct
(b) (i) and (iii) are correct
(c) (ii and (iv) are correct
(d) (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer:
(a) (ii and (ii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) The USSR was much concerned about the destruction caused by the Second World War.
(ii) The South East Asia Treaty organization was organised for the collective security of countries in South East Asia.
(iii) The Communist States led by the Soviet Union came to be known First World Countries.
(iv) The Capitalist countries led by the U.S.A. were politically designated as Second World Countries.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (iii), (iv) are wrong
(c) (i) and (iv) are correct
(d) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
Answer:
(b) (i), (iii), (iv) are wrong

Question 3.
(i) NAM refers to the Non-Aligned Movement.
(ii) The Single European Act of the EU as called as SEA.
(iii) Anwar Sadat was the president of the Palestine in 1989.
(iv) The fighters of South Vietnam were trained in guerrilla warfare.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (iii), (iv) are wrong
(c) (i) and (iv) are correct
(d) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
Answer:
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 4.
(i) The Third World principally consist of the developing World.
(ii) With the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the process of globalization, the term has lost its relevance.
(iii) The former colonies of Asia, Africa, and Latin America were called as Third World Countries.
(iv) The division of Germany into West and East led to glaring differences in living standards.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are correct
(c) (i) and (iii) are correct
(d) All the four are correct.
Answer:
(d) All the four are correct.

Question 5.
(i) Yeltsin worked as a Mayor of Moscow.
(ii) Yeltsin was returned to power with overwhelming support of a Moscow in 1899.
(iii) For twelve days, the Soviet Union continued to exist only in name.
(iv) On 28th February 1991, USSR was formally dissolved.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are correct
(c) (i) and (iii) are correct
(d) All the four are correct.
Answer:
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 6.
(i) CENTO was otherwise called as Manila pact.
(ii) As a counter to SEATO, NATO was formed.
(iii) The Korean war helped to bring down the intensity of the Cold war.
(iv) The EEC eliminated barriers to the movement of goods, Capital and labour.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are wrong
(c) (i) and (iv) are correct
(d) All the four are correct.
Answer:
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are wrong

Question 7.
(i) The Berlin Wall was just a physical barrier.
(ii) Berlin Wall divided East Germany and West Germany.
(iii) USA supported East Berlin.
(iv) USSR supported West Berlin.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are wrong
(c) (i) and (iv) are correct
(d) All the four are wrong.
Answer:
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct

IV. Assertion and Reason

Question 1.
Assertion (A): Yuan Shih-Kai of China lost prestige in his country.
Reason (R): He agreed to the demand of Japan to have economic control of Manchuria and Shantung.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Assertion (A): The rivalry that developed after World War 11 is referred to as “Cold War”.
Reason (R): This war did not take recourse to weapons.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 3.
Assertion (A): There was High military expenditure on both sides of USA and USSR.
Reason (R): Soviet Union tested the nuclear bomb and America used the nuclear bomb against Japan.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 4.
Assertion (A): The U.S. and its European allies formed the NATO to wage war against Vietnam.
Reason (R): As a counter to the NATO, Soviet Union organised the Warsaw pact.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R.) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.

Question 5.
Assertion (A): A small country had succeeded in winning Independence and the greatest power of the World-The country Vietnam.
Reason (R): The help given to Vietnam by the Socialist Countries, the political support given by Asia and Africa is evident.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 6.
Assertion (A): Sun Yat-sen sent Chiang Kai-shek to Moscow, in Russia. The Russians in turn sent Michael Borodin to China.
Reason {R): Chiang Kai-shek started conquering China from Canton.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A

Question 7.
Assertion (A): U.S.A. supported Diem government in South Vietnam. Reason (R): U.S. wanted to establish a strong government in South Vietnam.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
Answer:
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

V. Match the following

Question 1.
Match the Column I with Column II.

Answer:
A. (v)
B. (iii)
C. (ii)
D. (i)
E. (vi)

Question 2.
Match the Column I with Column II.

Answer:
A. (iv)
B. (iii)
C. (i)
D. (ii)
E. (vi)

VI. Answer briefly

Question 1.
Describe about Zionist movement.
Answer:
(i) In Palestine, the ancient home of Jews, only a few thousand Jews were living in 1900.
(ii) Some 15 million were scattered around Europe and North America.
(iii) These Jews had been subjected to systematic persecution for centuries.
(iv) But in the late nineteenth century, the persecution in Russia (Where two-thirds of the world’s jews lived), France and Germany was intense.
(v) Some Jews emigrated to Palestine, while many more went to the United States and Britain.
(vi) In 1896, Thodore Herzel, a Viennese journalist, published a pamphlet called the Jewish state in which he called for the creation of a Jewish national home. In 1897 the world zionist organisation was founded.

Question 2.
What was Truman’s policy?
Answer:
Truman, the president of USA announced a policy of containment of communism. This implies U.S. would support those countries which were threatened by USSR to spread communism.

Question 3.
Mention the initial member countries of the EU.
Answer:

1. Belgium
2. France
3. Italy
4. Luxemburg
5. Netherlands
6. West Germany

Question 4.
What is meant by SEA?
Answer:
SEA refers to the single European Act which came into force on July 1,1987. According to the SEA, each member was given multiple votes depending on the country’s population. Its main aim is establishing a single market.

Question 5.
Name the organs of the EU.
Answer:

1. European parliament
2. Council of the European Union
3. European commission
4. Court of Justice
5. Court of Auditors

Question 6.
Write a note on European Union.
Answer:
On February 7, 1992, the Maastricht Treaty that signed in Netherlands created the European Union. All the member countries of the EU will use common currency Euro, a single market and common Act. EU at present has 28 members with head quarters at Brussels, Belgium.

Question 7.
How was the European union formed?
Answer:
According to the Merger Treaty of 1967, the three communities namely the European coal and steel community, the European Economic community and the European Atomic Energy community were merged together to form the European union.

VII. Answer all the questions under each caption

Question 1.
People’s Republic of China

(a) Who was the leader of the People’s Republic of China?
Answer:
Mao Tse-Tung was the leader of the People’s Republic of China.

(b) Name the two mighty Communist powers of the world?
Answer:
The Soviet-Union and the people’s Republic of China.

(c) Who did not recognise People’s Republic of China and for how long?
Answer:
The UNO refused to recognise people’s Republic of China for more than twenty years.

(d) How did the government of Taiwan got recognition?
Answer:
The government of Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan was given recognition ‘ due to the pressure from USA.

Question 2.
Achievements of EU

(a) What is the symbol of the Euro?
Answer:
The symbol of the Euro is €.

(b) What did the Euro eliminate?
Answer:
The Euro eliminated foreign exchange hurdles encountered by companies doing business across European border.

(c) How many members are there in the EU at present?
Answer:
At present, there are 28 members in the EU.

(d) Who allocates funds to European research projects?
Answer:
The European Research council.

Question 3.
Disintegration of The Soviet Union.

(a) Who became the head of USSR in 1985?
Answer:
Mikhail Gorbachev became the head of the USSR in 1985.

(b) What is meant by “thaw”?
Answer:
The “Thaw” refers to the period from the early 1950’s and 1960’s when repression and censorship in the Soviet Union was relaxed and millions of political prisioners were released. It was the period of Khrushchev’s reign.

(c) What is meant by Glasnost?
Answer:
Glasnost means openness. It was the policy of more transperancy and openness in the government policy of former Soviet Russia introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev.

(d) What is meant by Perestroika?
Answer:
Perestroika means restructuring. It refers to the programme introduced by Mikhail Gorbhachev to restructure Soviet economic and political system.

Question 4.
Berlin Wall

(a) Who constructed a wall which virtually cut off West Berlin and East Berlin? and when?
Answer:
East German began to construct a wall in 1961 which virtually cut off West Berlin and East Berlin.

(b) How was it guarded?
Answer:
It was guarded with watchtowers and other lethal impediments to stop people from the east.

(c) What does the Berlin wall symbolise?
Answer:
It was symbolic boundary between Communism and Capitalism.

(d) What happened with the fall of the Berlin wall?
Answer:
With the fall of the Berlin wall , followed by the collapse of the Soviet Union, the cold war came to an end.

VIII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Write a brief account of the life and achievements of Ho Chi Minh.
Answer:
He was born in a small town in Central Vietnam. He studied in French school that produced great leaders. After his studies he worked on a French liner operating between Saigon and Marseilles. He was greatly inspired by European communist parties, became member of commintem and was instrumental in bringing together competing nationalists groups to form the Vietnamese communist party in 1930. It was later renamed the Indo-Chinese communist party. After spending 30 years abroad in Europe, China Thailand, he returned to Vietnam in 1941. He became President of the Vietnam Democratic Republic in 1943.

After the split of Vietnam, he and the communists took control of North Vietnam. With the help of his government, National Liberation Front in the south fought for unification of the country. He fought hard to maintain the autonomy of Vietnam and till the end proved true to his name. Ho Chi Minh meaning He, Who Enlightens.

Question 2.
Illustrate the cold war developments in case of the Vietnam war. Narrate how North and South Vietnam unified as Independent Nation.
Solution:

1. By 1945, the end of the second world war, Viet Minh controlled the northern half of Vietnam, led by Ho-chi- Minh.
2. Viet Minh and french reached an agreement by which North Vietnam would be a free state.
3. While French was helped by America, Viet Minh was helped by the new Chinese communist government.
4. War broke out between them. Eventually , France troops were defeated.
5. The Geneva conference that met on Korea and Indo China in 1954, decided that of Laos. Combodia and Vietnam. The independent states would be Laos and Cambodia. Vietnam, temporarily divided.
6. While North Vietnam controlled by Viet Minh with leader Ho-Chi-Minh and south Vietnam would be under the leadership of Bao Dai.
7. At the same time, South Vietnam was ruled by Ngo Dinh Diem.
8. When U.S wanted to establish a strong Non-communist government in South Vietnam. In 1965, marines landed on Danang naval base and namely 2,10,000 traps in the country, j (ix) The U.S bombed both North and South.
9. The fighters of North Vietnam trained in Guerrilla warfare sustained.
10. America suffered heavy casualties , vast devastated and many were killed.
11. The youth rebelled against the horrors of the war.
12. The protest against the war spread all over the world.
13. By 1975, the armies of the North and the only one party of South Vietnam called National Liberation front of South Vietnam attacked America.
14. By 30th April 1975, all the American troops had withdrawn and capital of South Vietnam Saigon was liberated.
15. North Vietnam and South Vietnam formally united as one country in 1976.
16. The city of Saigon was renamed as the Ho-Chi-Minh city .
17. Thus, the emergence of Vietnam as a united and Independent nation was an historic event.

Question 3.
Explain the breakup of the Soviet Union.
Answer:

1. In the middle of 1980’s Soviet Union economy was suffering.
2. In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev took over as the president of USSR.
3. Gorbachev spoke about the need for openness (Glasnost) and Perestroika (restructuring).
4. But his ideas of reform did not work out for him because, to compete with U.S, USSR need to allocate more funds to the military.
5. The economic stagnation of the Soviet Union aggrevated tension and promoted nationalist feelings.
6. In the year 1988, Mass protest broke out in Armenia and in the Baltic states.
7. Gorbachev made attempts to stabilize his position by relying on conservative forces in 1989, 1991.
8. But the massive miner’s strike interrupted. The series of worker’s strike under mined the communist regimes first in Poland, then in Hungary.
9. The fall of Berlin wall in Germany, encouraged people to be united.
10. Gorbachev made a last attempt to take a hard line against miner’s strike and huge demonstrations in Moscow in 1991.
11. In response, the conservative forces in his government used troops in Moscow and held Gorbachev under house arrest.
12. Power fell into the hands of Boris Yeltsin.
13. In November 1991, eleven republics announced that they would establish a common wealth of independent states.
14. On 25th Dec 1991 , Gorbachev resigned.
15. For six days, the Soviet Union continued to remain only in name and at midnight on 31st December 1991 it was formally dissolved.
16. The USSR was no more.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.6 Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.6

Question 1.
Test for consistency and if possible, solve the following systems of equations by rank method.
(i) x – y + 2z = 2, 2x + y + 4z = 7, 4x – y + z = 4
Solution:
Matrix form

The system is consistent.
ρ(A) ρ[A|B] = 3 = n
it has unique solution.
Writing the equivalent equations from echelon form
x – y + 2z = 2 ………… (1)
3y = 3 ⇒ y = 1
-7z = -7
z = 1
(1)⇒ x – y + 2z = 2
x – 1 + 2 = 2
x = 1
∴ Solution is x = 1, y = 1, z = 1

(ii) 3x + y + z = 2, x – 3y + 2z = 1, 7x – y + 4z = 5
Solution:

ρ(A) = 2 ρ[A | B] = 2
ρ(A) = ρ[A | B] = 2 < n
The system is consistent. It has infinitely many solution.
Writing the equivalent equations from echelon form.
x – 3y + 2z = 1 ………. (1)
10y – 5z = -1 ………. (2)
Put z = t.
(2) ⇒ 10y – 5z = -1
10y = -1 + 5z = 5t – 1

(iii) 2x + 2y + z = 5, x – y + z = 1, 3x + y + 2z = 4
Solution:

ρ(A) = 2 ρ[A | B] = 3
ρ(A) ≠ ρ[A | B] = 2 < n
∴ The system is inconsistent. It has no solution.

(iv) 2x – y + z = 2, 6x – 3y + 3z = 6, 4x – 2y + 2z = 4
Solution:

ρ(A) = 1 ρ[A | B] = 1
ρ(A) = ρ[A | B] = 1 < n.
∴ The system reduces into a single equation.
∴ It is consistent and has infinitely many solutions.
Writing the equivalent equations from echelon form
2x – y + z = 2
Put y = s, z = t
2x – s + t = 2
2x = 2 + s – t
x = \(\frac {2+s-t}{2}\)
(x, y, z) = (\(\frac {2+s-t}{2}\), s, t) ∀ s, t ∈ R

Question 2.
Find the value of k for which the equations kx – 2y + z = 1, x – 2ky + z = -2, x – 2y + kz = 1 have
(i) no solution
(ii) unique solution
(iii) infinitely many solution.
Solution:

[∵ 2 – k – k² = -(k² + k – 2)
= -(k + 2)(k – 1)
= (k + 2)(1 – k)]
case (i)
If k = 1
ρ(A) = 2, ρ(A | B) = 3.
ρ(A) ≠ ρ(A | B)
The system is inconsistent and it has no solution.

Case (ii)
If k ≠ 1, k ≠ -2
ρ(A) = 3, ρ(A | B) = 3 = n
The system is consistent and it has unique solution.

Case (iii)
If k = -2
ρ(A) = 2, ρ(A | B) = 2
The system is consistent and it has infinitely many solution.

Question 3.
Investigate the values of λ and µ the system of linear equations 2x + 3y + 5z = 9, 7x + 3y – 5z = 8, 2x + 3y + λz = µ, have
(i) no solution
(ii) a unique solution
(iii) an infinite number of solutions.
Solution:

Case (i)
If λ = 5, µ ≠ 9
ρ(A) = 2, ρ(A | B) = 3
ρ(A) ≠ ρ(A | B)
The system is inconsistent. It has no solution.

Case (ii)
If λ = 5, µ ≠ 9
ρ(A) = 3, ρ(A | B) = 3
ρ(A) = ρ(A | B) = 3 = n
The system is consistent. It has unique solution.

Case (iii)
If λ = 5, µ = 9
ρ(A) = 2, ρ(A | B) =2
ρ(A) = ρ(A | B) = 2 < n
The system is consistent. It has infinitely many solution.

Students can Download Tamil Nadu 12th English Model Question Paper 4 Pdf, Tamil Nadu 12th English Model Question Papers helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

TN State Board 12th English Model Question Paper 4

Time: 2 1/2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 90

General Instructions:

• The question paper comprises of four parts.
• You are to attempt all the sections in each part. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
• All questions of Part I, II, III, and IV are to be attempted separately.
• Question numbers 1 to 20 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each. These are to be answered by writing the correct answer along with the corresponding option code.
• Part II has got two sections. The questions are of two marks each. Question numbers 21 to 26 in Section I and Question numbers 27 to 30 in Section II are to be answered in about one or two sentences each.
• Question numbers 31 to 40 in Part III are of three marks each and have been divided in three sections. These are to be answered as directed.
• Question numbers 41 and 47 in Part IV are of five marks each. These are to be answered as directed.

Part -1

I. Answer all the questions. [20 x 1= 20]

Choose the correct synonyms for the underlined words from the options given:

Question 1.
Of the rest, many will end up as mental or physical cripples.
(a) rare gifts (b) able-bodied (c) disabilities (d) perfect health
Answer:
(c) disabilities

Question 2.
Little dangling baskets under the spout to catch the stray leaves.
(a) loose (b) gathered (c) harmful (d) fresh
Answer:
(a) loose

Question 3.
They were doing brisk business in the public square.
(a) dull (b) indolent (c) lethargic (d) active
Answer:
(d) active

Choose the correct antonyms for the underlined words from the options given:

Question 4.
The trolley was commandeered by the two boys.
(a) snatched (b) abandoned (c) usurped (d) hijacked
Answer:
(b) abandoned

Question 5.
The advent of brain-machine interfaces is certain to blur the boundary between humans and machines.
(a) departure (b) danger (c) drawback (d) dispute
Answer:
(d) dispute

Question 6.
Makalu was unexplored.
(a) expelled (b) explained (c) explored (d) expedited
Answer:
(c) explored

Question 7.
Choose the correct combination for the compound word light show.
(a) Noun + Verb (b) Verb + Noun (c) Noun- + Gerund (d) Preposition + Noun
Answer:
(a) Noun + Verb

Question 8.
Choose the correct expansion of NSC.
(a) National Savings Certificate (b) National Service Certificate (c) National Savings Career (d) National Service Certificate
Answer:
(a) National Savings Certificate

Question 9.
Choose the meaning of the foreign word in the sentence: My cousin Charlotte is a real klutz.
(a) stranger (b) thief (c) clumsy fool (d) coward
Answer:
(c) clumsy fool

Question 10.
Choose the right combination for the blended word Bionic.
(a) Bio + Electric (b) Biology + Electronic (c) Bio + Nic (d) Biology + Nic
Answer:
(b) Biology + Electronic

Question 11.
Choose the clipped word for dormitory.
(a) dormi (b) doritory (c) dory (d) dorm
Answer:
(d) dorm

Question 12.
A craze for establishing banks is known as …………………… .
(a) monotonist (b) islomania (c) bancomania (d) barbarian
Answer:
(c) bancomania

Question 13.
Form a derivative by adding the right prefix to the word ‘open’.
(a) re- (b) en- (c) un (d) dis-
Answer:
(a) re-

Question 14.
Fill in the blanks with a suitable relative pronoun.
I have a friend …………………….. cat is very cute.
(a) which (b) whom (c) whose (d) when
Answer:
(c) whose

Question 15.
Fill in the blanks with a suitable preposition.
I heard that news …………………….. the radio.
(a) in (b) on (c) at (d) through
Answer:
(b) on

Question 16.
Choose the correct question tag for the following statement.
He reads a lot of comics, ……………………..?
(a) should he (b) won’t he (c) will he (d) doesn’t he
Answer:
(d) doesn’t he

Question 17.
Choose the suitable meaning or idiom found in the following sentence.
Sumathi was sick of bending over backwards to entertain her nieces.
(a) doing gymnastics (b) dancing (c) trying very hard (d) doing yoga
Answer:
(c) trying very hard

Question 18.
Substitute the underlined word with the appropriate polite alternative.
Till the next trial, the suspects will be kept in the prison camp.
(a) relocation center (b) jail (c) dungeon (d) dormitory
Answer:
(a) relocation center

Question 19.
Choose the correct sentence pattern for the following sentence.
We aren’t complaining.
(a) SVIODO (b) SVC (c) SVO (d) SVCA
Answer:
(b) SVC

Question 20.
Fill in the blank with a suitable phrasal verb.
The following afternoon we …………………….. the tiny village set high upon the hillside.
(a) set aside (b) called on (c) got away (d) drove to
Answer:
(d) drove to

Part II
Section -1

Read the following sets of poetic lines and answer any four from it. [4 x 2 = 8]

Question 21.
“For what, we thought, had we to fear
With our arms and provender, load on load,”
(a) What was the mood of the soldiers?
(b) What made the soldiers confident?
Answer:
(a) The soldiers were confident of winning the war.
(b) They had enough grains to survive a siege and plenty of arms to fight the war. These things made them confident.

Question 22.
“…………….. Free imaginations
Bringing changes into a world resenting change.”
(a) How does free imagination help the world?
(b) Identify the figure of speech.
Answer:
(a) Free imagination brings changes in the world.
(b) Personification

Question 23.
“Death closes all: but something ere the end,
Some work of noble note, may yet be done,
Not unbecoming men that strove with Gods.”
(a) The above lines convey the undying spirit of Ulysses. Explain.
(b) Pick out the words in alliteration in the above lines.
Answer:
(a) Ulysses is aware of ageing and substantial decrease in his physical strength. He knows that will close in on him sooner or later. But before that happens, he wants to sail beyond the sunset/horizon and if possible meet warriors like Achilles. He wants to achieve something worthy of those who challenged and fought with Gods. Thus these lines show the undying spirit of Ulysses.
(b) ere, end noble, note are the words that alliterate.

Question 24.
“And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad
Made to his mistress’ eyebrow.”
(a) What does the lover do for his mistress?
(b) Explain, ‘sighing like furnace’.
Answer:
(a) The lover is always sighing and longing for his beloved. He writes a sad ballad describing the eyebrow of his mistress.
(b) It means moaning, breathing deeply and sadly like a fire place.

Question 25.
“But not because of its magnificence Dear is the Casuarina to my soul:
Beneath it we have played; though years may roll,”
(a) What is not the cause for Toru Dutt’s love for the Casuarina tree?
(b) What makes the tree dear to the poet?
Answer:
(a) As children, the poet and her friends had played under the tree. This experience has made the tree dear to the poet.
(b) The poet is unable to forget the wonderful time she had under the tree with her friends.

Question 26.
“Just as perhaps he mused, ‘My plans’
That soar, to earth may fall,”
(а) What may hamper the soaring plans of Napoleon?
(b) What is the figure of speech employed in these lines?
Answer:
(a) The negative outcome of battle at Ratisbon may hamper his soaring plans.
(b) ‘plans that soar’ – Metaphor.

Section – 2

Answer any three of the following questions. [3 x 2 = 6]

Question 27.
Report the following dialogue:
Answer:
Lady to the Judge : This man is responsible for the accident.
Man : No, my Lord. This lady does not know how to drive a car.

The lady told the Judge that, that man was responsible for the accident. The man denied the lady’s statement respectfully and said that that lady did not know how to drive a car.

Question 28.
Obey the traffic rules. Otherwise, you will be prosecuted, (combine using if)
Answer:
If you do not obey the traffic rules, you will be prosecuted.

Question 29.
Rewrite the sentence making an inversion in the conditional clause.
If you don’t wish to sign the contract, you must let them know by the end of this month.
Answer:
Should you not wish to sign the contract, you must let them know by the end of this month.

Question 30.
When he walked through the wood, he saw a fox that was following him.(Change the following into a simple sentence)
Answer:
Walking through the wood, he saw a fox following him.

Part-III
Section -1

Explain any two of the following with reference to the context. [2 x 3 = 6]

Question 31.
Unto thy honor, Tree, beloved of those Who now in blessed sleep for aye repose,
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem, ‘Our Casuarina Tree’ written by Torn Dutt.

Context: The poet says this while consecrating the memories of the tree to the dear departed.

Explanation: The poet wants to freeze the love for the Casuarina tree in her poem. She remembers with pain three younger Dutts who had succumbed to Tuberculosis. She remembers with poignance the numerous days they had spent under the Casuarina tree.

Question 32.
We are not now that strength which in old days Moved earth and heaven;
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem, ‘Ulysses’ written by Alfred Tennyson.

Context: The poet says these words through Ulysses when he wants to justify the reasons for resuming the daring voyage.

Explanation: Ulysses admits the decline in the compatriots’ physical strength with which they were able to move heaven and earth in their youth. He asks his compatriots to ignore the infinity of age and draw on their inner spiritual strength to resume their voyage beyond sunset.

Question 33.
Then off there flung in smiling joy,
And held himself erect
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem, ‘Incident of the French Camp” written by Robert Browning.

Context: The narrator says these words while describing the arrival of a boy soldier at the mound where Napoleon was anxiously awaiting news about the battle.

Explanation: Even though the boy-soldier was split into two, he sped fast in a horse amidst the smoke of cannon fire. On seeing Napoleon he jumped off the horse with a beaming face. Being at the verge of embracing death, he declared the good news that they had won the battle.

Section – 2

Answer any two of the following questions in about 30 words. [2 x 3 = 6]

Question 34.
What were the boys doing at night in a deserted square?
Answer:
The boys were resting on the stone pavement in the windy and deserted square beneath the street light. They were waiting for the last bus from Padua to sell the unsold newspapers.

Question 35.
What are the subsidiary uses of tea leaves?
Answer:
Telling fortunes, predicting the arrival of visitors, feeding rabbits, healing bums and sweeping the carpet are some of the subsidiary’s uses of tea leaves.

Question 36.
When did Hillary feel a sense of freedom and well being?
Answer:
Firsdtly, their partly-filled bottle of oxygen got exhausted. They had only one oxygen bottle to carry. With reduced load of 20 litre bottle, Hillary cut steps down off the South Summit. So, he felt a sense of freedom and well-being.

Section – 3

Answer any three of the following questions in about 30 words. [3 x 3 = 9]

Question 37.
Study the pie chart given and answer the questions that follow.

Popular Brands of Bluetooth Speakers
(a) Which is the most favourite brand of bluetooth speaker?
(b) Name the brand preferred by the least number of customers?
(c) Which two brands have equal number of customers?
Answer:
(a) UE Boom 3 is the most favourite brand preferred by the customers.
(b) Marshall Kilburn is the least preferred brand.
(c) UE Wonderbbom and Bose SoundLink Mini II.

Question 38.
Write a dialogue of minimum 3 exchanges between two friends discussing about a Book Fair.
Answer:
Rajini : Did you visit the Book Fair that started last week?
Ravi : Yes, I did. I was in fact waiting for the Book Fair to start.
Rajini : I know that you are a Voracious reader. How many did you buy?
Ravi : I bought a couple of mystery and detective novels by Tamizhvanan, Agatha Christie and Sujatha. What are you planning to buy?
Rajini : I need to buy a good set of Encyclopedias
Ravi : Do you want me to accompany you? I too want to buy some books published by Scholastic India.

Question 39.
Describe the process of making ice cream.
Answer:
Boil one litre of milk till it becomes thick and creamy and is reduced to one fourth its quantity. Add sugar to taste.
Keep aside five tablespoons of cold milk and mix two heaped spoons of ice cream powder. Pour the ice cream powder mixed milk to the boiling milk and stir continuously till it thickens. Add two drops of vanilla, strawberry or chocolate essence to taste and stir well.
After it cools, freeze for four hours.

Question 40.
Complete the proverbs using the word given below.
(a) He who hesitates is (gone, lost, dead)
(b) If God had meant us to fly, he would have given us (wings, cars, tails)
Answer:
(c) Little pitchers have big (ears, mouths, bottom)
(a) lost (b) wings (c) bottom

Part – IV

Answer the following questions: [7 x 5 = 35]
Answer in a paragraph in about 150 words.

Question 41.
What are the aspects that contribute to humour in the essay?
Answer:
The author claims the best manner of making tea is the subject matter of violent disputes. He compliments china tea for being economical but also says one does not feel rejuvenated after drinking it. One doesn’t feel braver, wiser, more optimistic or stimulated after drinking the Chinese tea. He says army tea tastes of grease and white wash. In Britain there are two schools of thought (i.e.) milk first school and tea first school (i.e.) one school claiming that milk must be poured first and tea added later and another school claiming that tea must be poured first and milk to be added next.

He says those who take tea with sugar for its sweetness alone as misguided people. He says that they could very well add salt and pepper to tea and drink it. He claims that there are some mysterious social etiquette surrounding teapot. It is vulgar to drink tea out of one’s saucer. There are some subsidiary uses of tea leaves such as telling fortunes, predicting the arrival of visitors, feeding rabbits, healing burns and sweeping the carpet.

[OR]

“My right to swing my fist ends, where your nose begins.” Elucidate with reference to, ‘On the Rule of the Road’.
Answer:
Rights are not completely individual affairs. In order to enjoy one’s rights one has to respect the rights of others too. The lady in Petrograd had the right to walk on the pavement. The right to move stops when the other person’s right to drive starts. A person may have a walking stick and roll it too. But his right just stops where the other person’s nose begins. No one has the right to violate the rights of others. The right, one exercises, must not affect or erode the rights of others.

One should not think of one’s own rights but also the rights of others. A.G.Gardiner beautifully illustrates this idea by emphasising the metaphor of traffic rules. Rules of road are in fact rules of politeness and unselfishness. One may have absolute freedom in the choice of food, religion, fashionable dress, up keep of hair, funny hairstyle, etc. But one must be conscious of the rights of others. So, the statement “my right to swing my fist ends, where your nose begins” fits well with the central theme of the essay ‘ On the Rule of the Road’.

Question 42.
Human greed led to the mighty fall of the citadel. Explain.
Answer:
The loyal soldiers and their brave captain expected enemies from outside the castle. Their arms and army was ready to fight them. But they could not identify the enemy within. The soldiers were proud that no might would tear their castle down. But they were unaware of the invisible soul-dead enemy within. The ingredients of personal downfall went unnoticed by them.

If a person never looks within, the faults that can be their doom go overlooked. Their reality could crumble while they gaze outward and pride themselves on their sureness. This is what happened precisely with the soldiers of the castle. They only focused on the strength of their physical surroundings and what was beyond the castle. Human greed-propelled betrayal from within caused the castle’s downfall.

[OR]

Explain how the poet guides his son who is at the threshold of manhood, to face the challenges of life.
Answer:
The poet shares his wisdom with his son who is at the threshold of manhood. He persuades his son to be hard like steel or rock to withstand challenges and unforeseen betrayals in life. A person with soft heart will crumble before a breach of trust. Similarly he wants his son to be discerning enough to be soft when needed to grow like a frail flower plant splitting a rock.

Occasionally one has to go with the current because life is at times fertile with a lot of opportunities to grow even among the harshest circumstances. ‘Rich soft wanting’ can help a person to win against all odds. He reiterates this idea by explaining how gentleness can reform a hardened criminal when lashes would, in contrast, harden them further.

Question 43.
Write a paragraph of about 150 words by developing the following hints:
Pi convinced – water on board – divining rod – Pi’s mind – genuine regulation lifeboat – outfitted with supplies – captain – ensure safety and survival – ship chandler – extra money-saving lives – water on board.
Answer:
Pi had never before experienced physical hell than that putrid taste and pasty feeling in the mouth. It was an unbearable pressure at the back of his throat. The divining rod in Pi’s mind dipped sharply and spring gushed forth. He remembered that he was on a genuine regulation lifeboat and such a lifeboat was surely outfitted with supplies. A captain would never fail in so elementary way of preserving water to ensure safety and survival of his crew in the event of a disaster. Besides, it is natural that a ship chandler would think of making a little extra money under the noble pretext of saving lives. It was settled beyond doubt that there was water on board.

[OR]

Bond of friendship – Baldwin and Gresham – boyhood chums – school together – lifetime bondage – thirty five years – baptism – 60 dollars a week – Governor of the private bank – Gresham siphoning money – loyalty and honesty – part ways – upright character – close the bank – return the deposit – reorganization of the bank – arrest – court could not nail Gresham – one hundred thousand dollars – three words – slapped him – body language – not compromise with conscience.
Answer:
Baldwin and Gresham were boyhood chums. They went to school together. Their friendship flowered into a lifetime bondage as it was sustained for thirty five years. When Baldwin’s son was being baptised in the church, Gresham was present. Baldwin expressed his wish that his son John Gresham Baldwin grew up to Gresham’s standard in life. Baldwin was paid only 60 dollars a week for working as a Governor of the private bank founded by Gresham.

Accidentally, Baldwin found out how Gresham was siphoning money very cleverly from the deposits technically without really causing any loss to the depositors. But Baldwin was loyal to Gresham only as long as he was honest. Once he parted ways with honesty, Baldwin would also part ways with Gresham. By the force of his upright character, Baldwin advised him to close the bank and return the deposit to the customers.

Third National Bank was ready to help the reorganization of the bank. Meanwhile, Gresham was arrested. The court could not nail Gresham as there was not a shred of evidence to prove his guilt. If Baldwin testified, the court would indict him. Just before being arrested Gresham offered him one hundred thousand dollars to just say “I don’t remember”. The three words to let him off the hook. He claimed it was the difference between the salary he had been paid and what he ought to have received. Had it been someone else, Baldwin would have slapped him.

But it was Gresham who understood his body language and did not press the matter further. He was proud of the fact that Gresham understood how he could not compromise with his conscience. His family members Martha, Evie and John felt that it was a compliment that cost him one hundred thousand dollars. Baldwin said that Gresham’s compliment about his uprightness was worth a hundred thousand dollars.

Question 44.
Write a summary or Make notes of the following passage.
Answer:
Occasional self-medication has always been part of normal living. The making and selling of drugs has a long history and is closely linked, like medical practice itself, with belief in magic. Only during the last hundred years or so, as the development of scientific techniques made it possible, diagnosis has become possible. The doctor is now able to follow up the correct diagnosis of many illnesses – with specific treatment of their causes. In many other illnesses of which the causes remain unknown, he is still limited, like the unqualified prescriber, to the treatment of symptoms.

The doctor is trained to decide when to treat symptoms only and when to attack the cause. This is the essential difference between medical prescribing and self-medication. The advance of technology has brought about much progress in some fields of medicine, including the development of scientific drug therapy. Parallel with such beneficial trends are two which have an adverse effect. One is the use of high pressure advertising by the pharmaceutical industry which has tended to influence both patients and doctors and has led to the overuse of drugs generally.

The other is emergence of eating, insufficient sleep, excessive smoking and drinking. People with disorders arising from faulty habits such as these, as well as from unhappy human relationships, often resort to self-medication. Advertisers go to great lengths to catch this market. Clever advertising, aimed at chronic sufferers who will try anything because doctors have not been able to cure them, can induce such faith in a preparation, particularly if steeply priced, that it will produce -by suggestion- a very real effect in some people.

It is doubtful whether taking these things ever improves a person’s health, it may even make it worse. Worse, because the preparation may contain unsuitable ingredients; worse because the taker may become dependent on them; worse because they might be taken excess; worse because they may cause poisoning, and worst of all because symptoms of some serious underlying cause may be asked and therefore medical help may not be sought. Self-diagnosis is a greater danger than self-medication.

Summary

No. of words given in the original passage: 347
No. of words to be written in the summary: 347/3 = 115 ± 5
Rough Draft
Self-medication is part of normal living. Medicinal experts are required for diagnosis and treatment of diseases according to symptoms and causes. The development of drug therapy and improvement in public health organizations and nutritional standards have helped progress in medicinal science. Excessive advertising by pharmaceutical companies and emergence of the sedentary society are two counter trends. Self-medication is dangerous as the preparation may be toxic or contain unsuitable ingredients; the user becomes dependent and consumes medicine in excess. Self-diagnosis is worse than self-medication.

No. of words in the summary: 83
Notes:
Title: Self-Medication

1. Self-medication
(a) Part of normal living—last 100 yrs
(b) Advance in diagnostic technology
(c) Doctors required – diagnosis & treatment of disease
(d) Self-medication differs from medical prescription

2. Technological Advmnt in medicine
(a) Drug therapy
(b) Improvement in public health organizations
(c) Increase in nutritional standards

3. Clever advertising by pharmaceutical companies
(a) Take advantage of people’s need
(b) Chronic sufferers
(c) Faulty lifestyle
(i) Lack of exercise, overeating, insufficient sleep, etc.
(ii) Stress, unhappy rela’ps, etc.

4. Dangers of self-medication
(a) Preparation of some drugs contains unsuitable ingredients
(b) Taker becomes dependent
(c) Taker consumes medicine in excess
(d) Preparations may cause poisoning .
(e) Real cause of illness gets suppressed or untreated

Abbreviations used: yrs – years; Advmnt – Advertisement; rela’ps – relapses

Question 45.
Write a letter to the Port Trust, Chennai, asking permission for a group of 25 students of your school to visit a ship that has collection of books of all languages of the world. The ship would remain in Chennai only for a fortnight. Get permission mentioning the date, time and the number of visitors the teachers in – charge of the bona fide students of your school.
Answer:
14th January, 2020
From
The Principal
TM Hr. Sec. School
Chennai – 45

To
The Naval Officer
Port Trust of India
Chennai
Respected Officer,

Sub: Reg. Permission for visiting the Ship – Queen Mary

Given to understand that the Ship named Queen Mary with a collection of books of all languages of the world has arrived at the Chennai Port for public viewing, I hereby request permission for our school children to visit the ship on one of the working days.
We would be grateful if you can permit us to view the books in the ship on Friday, 6th February, 2020 at 10 a.m. There will be 15 students from Std IX accompanied by two teachers with one male office staff.

Please find enclosed the bona fide certificates and Photocopy of the staff identity card accompanying them.
Staff in-charge: Mrs. Shalini Varma and Mrs. Sharmila Das.

Students of Std IX:

• Anitha.M
• Asha.L
• Balaji.G
• Bharath.U
• Chandhini.G
• Christopher. Y
• rthy.T
• Firoz.P
• Janaki.R
• Kalai.A
• Lalitha.G
• Leena.B
• Mohan.C
• Niranjan.F
• Rohit.R

Looking forward to an enriching experience and safe visit. Kindly send us a reply acknowledging our request.

Yours sincerely,
Meena
(Principal)

Address on the envelope:
The Naval Officer
Port Trust of India
Chennai

[OR]

Write a paragraph of 150 words on “Punctuality”.
Answer:
It has been said, “Never put off for tomorrow what you can do today”. Yet there are many people who enjoy postponing things. Such people do not realize the dangers of delaying. Work does not disappear if we postpone it. The difficulty of the work does not get reduced by postponing it. The more we postpone, the more the work piles up. Finally, the load of work seems too much. We then have to work for many days at a stretch under great strain and tension. Finally we do it hurriedly and in a careless manner.

It is as bad as not doing the work at all. Again, when some work is delayed, the time which would have been profitably used is wasted. Time wasted is time lost forever. Hence procrastination, that is the habit of postponing things, is rightly called the thief of time. Precious time wasted means opportunities lost, and lost forever. By the time we realize how much time we have wasted and how many opportunities we have missed by delaying word, it may be too late.

And then nothing remains for us except to regret and repent. Sometimes a very heavy price has to be paid for delaying things. The person who delays insuring his factory will regret it when the factory is gutted by a sudden fire. Delay in the treatment of a disease may make it worse, and may even result in death. There are other proverbs conveying similar meaning. Thus we say: “Time and tide wait for no man” and “A stitch in time saves nine”. All these proverbs warn us against the dangers of delay in actions, and stress the importance of timely action and punctuality.

Question 46.
Spot the errors and rewrite the sentences correctly
(a) Many a man have been arrested at the meeting.
(b) Most of the work have been completed.
(c) Neither of the books are illustrated.
(d) One of the thieves, were arrested.
(e) Rani sat besides the new student.
Answer:
(a) Many a man had been arrested at the meeting.
(b) Most of the work has been completed.
(c) Neither of the books is illustrated.
(d) One of the thieves, was arrested.
(e) Rani sat beside the new student.

[OR]

Fill in the blanks correctly.
(а) Someone who decides to …………….. a car has committed a crime, but auto parts are made of aluminium and …………….. (steel/steal)
(b) They look just the same! I am sure that boy …………….. be his son. (Use a modal in the given blank.)
(c) All my clothes are dirty! I …………….. do some laundry, (use a semi-modal)
(d) He …………….. never …………….. (study) art before he came to college. (use a proper tense)
Answer:
(a) steal/steel (b) must (c) need to (d) had/studied

Question 47.
Identify each of the following sentences with the fields given below:
(a) Shakespeare’s plays are read by many people.
(b) The yield of wheat has increased.
(c) Fast food is a growing health hazard.
(d) My brother is planning to go to the US.
(e) Dhoni was declared the Man of the Series.
[Sports, Nutrition and Dietetics, Travel, Literature, Agriculture]
Answer:
(a) Literature
(b) Agriculture
(c) Nutrition and Dietetics
(d) Travel
(e) Sports

[OR]

Read the following passage and answer the questions in your own words.
Answer:
Housed in an 18th century style Heritage building with wooden paneling running through the thirty seat dining area, “Lean and Lovely” is the latest attraction in Siddhapuram Nagar. Says the owner Chef Virina “People come to us for the unusual fare that we serve. Fairly ordinary Indian recipes are ignited with a dash of sauce and spiced with colour. There is harmony and balance between taste, lightness and tradition. Wholly organically grown vegetables and flour are used. We use the freshest of ingredients that are cut and cooked so as to display their colour and individual texture.

Questions:
a. What is special about the vegetables and flour used by “Lean and Lovely”?
b. In which town is “Lean and Lovely” located?
c. Who is a ‘Chef’?
d. How do the people in “Lean and Lovely” make the ordinary Indian recipes more attractive?
e. How do they keep the colour and texture of the food items?
Answers:
(a) Wholly organically grown vegetables and flour is the speciality of “Lean and Lovely’.
(b) “Lean and Lovely” is located in Siddhapuram Nagar.
(c) A chef is a skilled cook, who prepares a variety of dishes in a restaurant and manages them.
(d) Fairly ordinary Indian recipes are ignited with a dash of sauce and spiced with colour in “Lean and Lovely”. There is also harmony and balance between taste, lightness and tradition attracting the people.
(e) Freshest of ingredients to retain the colour and texture of the food items.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.5 Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Applications of Matrices and Determinants Ex 1.5

Question 1.
Solve the following systems of linear equations by Gaussian elimination method:
(i) 2x – 2y + 3z = 2, x + 2y – z = 3, 3x – y + 2z = 1
Solution:
Augmented matrix

Writing the equivalent equations from echelon from.
x – y + 2z = 3 …………. (1)
5y – 6z = -4 ………….. (2)
-z = -4
z = 4
(2) ⇒ 5y – 6z = -4
5y – 24 = -4
5y = -4 + 24
5y = 20
y = 4
(1) ⇒ x – y + 2z = 3
x – 4 + 8 = 3
x = 3 + 4 – 8
x = -1
∴ x = -1, y = 4, z = 4

(ii) 2x + 4y + 6z = 22, 3x + 8y + 5z = 27, -x + y + 2z = 2.
Solution:
Augmented matrix

Writing the equivalent equations from echelon from.
x + 2y + 3z = 11 …………. (1)
y – 2z = -3 ………….. (2)
11z = 22
z = 2
(2) ⇒ y – 2z = -3
y – 4 = -3
y = -3 + 4
y = 1
(1) ⇒ x + 2y + 3z = 11
x + 2(1) + 3(2) = 11
x + 2 + 6 = 11
x = 11 – 8 = 3
∴ x = 3, y = 1, z = 2

Question 2.
If ax² + bx + c is divided by x + 3, x – 5, and x – 1, the remainders are 21, 61 and 9 respectively. Find a, b and c. (Use Gaussian elimination method.)
Solution:
Given: f(x) = ax² + bx + c
In Remainder Theorem
f(-3) = 21
a(-3)² + b(-3) + c = 21
9a – 3b + c = 21 ……….. (1)
f(5) = 61
25a + 5b + c = 61 …………. (2)
f(1) = 9
a + b + c = 9 ………… (3)
Augmented matrix

Writing the equivalent equations from echelon from.
a + b + c = 9 …………. (1)
b + 2c = 5 ………….. (2)
-4c = -8
c = 2
(2) ⇒ b + 2c = 5
b + 4 = 5
b = 5 – 4
b = 1
(1) ⇒ a + b + c = 9
a + 1 + 2 = 9
a = 9 – 3
a = 6
a = 6, b = 1, c = 2

Question 3.
An amount of Rs 65,000 is invested in three bonds at the rates of 6%, 8% and 10% per annum respectively. The total annual income is Rs 5,000. The income from the third bond is Rs 800 more than that from the second bond. Determine the price of each bond. (Use Gaussian elimination method.)
Solution:
Let the amounts of 3 bounds be x, y, z
x + y + z = 65,000

Writing the equivalent equations from echelon from.
x + y + z = 65000 …………. (1)
2y + 3z = 90000 ………….. (2)
21z = 42000
z = 20000
(2) ⇒ 2y = 90000 – 3 × 20000
2y = 30000
y = 15000
(1) ⇒ x + 15000 + 20000 = 65000
x = 30000
∴ x = 30000, y = 15000, z = 20000

Question 4.
A boy is walking along the path y = ax² + bx + c through the points (-6, 8),(-2, -12), and (3, 8). He wants to meet his friend at P(7, 60). Will he meet his friend? (Use Gaussian elimination method.)
Solution:
y = ax² + bx + c
At(-6, 8) ⇒ 8 = 36a – 6b + c ………… (1)
At(-2, -12) ⇒ -12 = 4a – 2b + c ………… (2)
At(3, 8) ⇒ 8 = 9a + 3b + c ………… (3)
Augmented matrix

Writing the equivalent equations from the echelon.
36a – 6b + c = 8 …………. (1)
3b – 2c = 29 ………….. (2)
5c = -50
c = -10
(2) ⇒ 3b – 2c = 29
3b – 20 = 29
3b = 9
b = 3
(1) ⇒ 36a – 18 – 10 = 8
36a = 8 + 18 + 10
36a = 36
a = 1
At P (7, 60), y = ax² + bx + c
60 = 1(7²) + 3(7) – 10
60 = 49 – 21 – 10
60 = 60
He will meet his friend at P (7, 60)

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Model Question Paper 2 Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Model Question Papers helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

Tamil Nadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Model Question Paper 2

General Instructions:

1. The question paper comprises of four parts.
2. You are to attempt all the sections in each part. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
3. All questions of Part I, II, III and IV are to be attempted separately.
4. Question numbers I to 14 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each. These are to be answered by writing the correct answer along with the corresponding – option code.
5. Part II has got four sections. The questions are of two marks each. Question numbers 15 to 18 in Section I and Question numbers 19 to 22 in Section II are to be answered in about one or two sentences each. Question numbers 23 to 28 in Section III and IV are to be answered as directed.
6. Question numbers 29 to 45 in Part III are of five marks each and have been divided in five sections. These are to be answered as directed.
7.  Question numbers 46 and 47 in Part IV are of eight marks each. Question number 47 has four questions of two marks each. These are to be answered as directed.

Time: 2.30 Hours
Maximum Marks: 100

Part – I

Answer all the questions. [14 x 1= 14]
Choose the most suitable answer and write the code with the corresponding answer.
Choose the appropriate synonyms for the italicised words.

Question 1.
His parents circled around raising a proud cackle.
(a) babble
(b) screech
(c) walk
(d) tackle
Answer:
(a) babble

Question 2.
A reporter, a thin-faced, wispy man, came up to me.
(a) considerable
(b) significant
(c) substantial
(d) frail
Answer:
(d) frail

Question 3.
Nagen uncle’s tea shop stood next to a grocery shop.
(a) erected
(b) erased
(c) expunged
(d) severed
Answer:
(a) erected

Choose the appropriate antonym for the italicised words.

Question 4.
It is about a hurricane force of wind on land.
(a) farce
(b) vigour
(c) weakness
(d) potency
Answer:
(c) weakness

Question 5.
Unlike the developed world, India’s disabled are deprived by attitudinal barriers.
(a) developing
(b) industrialized
(c) established
(d) settled
Answer:
(a) developing

Question 6.
He was a frail man.
(a) weak
(b) feeble
(c) thin
(d) strong
Answer:
(d) strong

Question 7.
Choose the correct plural form of ‘Rhino’.
(a) rhinos
(b) rhinoes
(c) rhinoses
(d) rhinosses
Answer:
(b) rhinoes

Question 8.
Form a derivative by adding the right suffix to the word – ‘flame’.
(a) ity
(b) graphy
(c) able
(d) er
Answer:
(c) able

Question 9.
Choose the correct expansion of the abbreviation BCCI.
(a) Board of Chess Control in India
(b) Board of Cricket Collector in India
(c) Board of Cricket Control Institute
(d) Board of Control for Cricket in India
Answer:
(d) Board of Control for Cricket in India

Question 10.
Complete the following sentence with the most appropriate phrasal verb given below:
The advocate …………….. the case cleverly.
(a) dealt in
(b) dealt with
(c) dealt out
(d) dealt on
Answer:
(b) dealt with

Question 11.
Choose the suitable option to pair it with the word ‘mail to form a compound word.
(a) send
(b) box
(c) drop
(d) it
Answer:
(b) box

Question 12.
Fill in the blank with the most appropriate preposition given below:
He seized ………….. the opportunity to construct a solar panel for the school.
(a) seized with
(b) seized over
(c) upon
(d) seized on
Answer:
(c) upon

Question 13.
Complete the following sentence using the most appropriate tense form’of the verb given below:
Aditya’s father ……………….. the ancestral home and moved to Kolkata, where he had set up
his own business.
(a) has left
(b) had left
(c) is leaving
(d) were left
Answer:
(b) had left

Question 14.
Choose the most appropriate linker from the given four alternatives.
Promise me that you will phone me …………… reach home.
(a) before
(b) as soon as
(c) in case
(d) so that
Answer:
(b) as soon as

Part – II [10 x 2 = 20]

Section – I

Answer any THREE of the following questions in a sentence or two. [3 x 2 = 6]

Question 15.
How did the bird try to reach its parents without having to fly?
Answer:
The young bird trotted back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other with his long grey legs stepping daintily, trying to find some means of reaching his parents without having to fly.

Question 16.
What were the various things that tempted Franz to spend his day outdoors?
Answer:
The various things that tempted Franz to spend his day outdoors was simply because it was warm and bright outside. The birds were chirping at the edge of the woods and the Prussian soldiers were drilling in the open field, behind the sawmill. It was all much more tempting than the rule for participles.

Question 17.
What were the problems they faced during their training voyage? How was it a tutorial to them?
Answer:
As the boat was old, it had minor leaks and repairs. They also ran out of water and food soon. The trip was a tutorial for them on how to manage food, water and even electricity during the big voyage.

Question 18.
From the jeweller’s shop where did Aditya and his friend go? Why?
Answer:
From the jeweller’s shop Aditya went straight to Jogesh Kabiraj’s house where Mr. Sasanka Sanyal whom he met at Nagen uncle’s tea shop lived. Aditya wanted to meet Sasanka Sanyal.

Section – II

Read the following sets of poetic lines and answer any THREE of the following. [3 x 2 = 6]

Question 19.
“In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
From what the future veils; but with a whole
And happy heart, that pays its toll
To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer.’’
(a) What does the poet mean by the phrase ‘in the dim past’?
(b) Is the poet afraid of future?
Answer:
(a) The poet means that the past was very dull and glum.
(b) No, the poet isn’t afraid of the future.

Question 20.
‘‘The worst thing is that if anyone stays Among them too long, he will learn their ways;”
(a) What is the worst thing that can happen if anyone stays with them?
(b) What are the ways of the Grumble family?
Answer:
(a) The worst thing that can happen if anyone stays with them is that they too will start complaining and become one with them.
(b) The ‘Grumble Family’ growl at anything and everything so much that they sometimes growl that they have nothing to grumble about.

Question 21.
“Not a crumb to be found On the snow-covered ground
(a) What couldn’t he find on the ground?
(b) Why was the ground covered with snow?
Answer:
(a) He couldn’t find even a single piece of bread on the ground.
(b) The ground was covered with snow because of the onset of winter season.

Question 22.
“ We were taken from the ore-bed and the mine,
We were melted in the furnace and the pit
We were cast and wrought and hammered to design,
We were cut and filed and tooled and gauged to fit”
(a) What metals are obtained from ores and mines?
(b) Mention a few machines which are hammered to design.
Answer:
(a) The metals obtained from ores are iron ores and minerals from mines.
(b) Pulley – Power lift, The Cutting Wedge, The Wheel and Axle are a few machines which are hammered to design.

Section – III

Answer any THREE of the following. [3 x 2 = 6]

Question 23.
Rewrite the following sentence to the other voice.
Cathy is not driving a car.
Answer:
A car is not being driven by Cathy.

Question 24.
Rewrite using indirect speech.
She asked me, “Could you help me with my luggage?”
Answer:
She asked me if I could help her with her luggage.

Question 25.
Punctuate the following.
i dont know what wed do without her we’d lose out on so many opportunities
Answer:
I don’t know what we’d do without her we’d lose out on so many opportunities.

Question 26.
Transform the following sentence into a simple sentence.
He must work hard otherwise, he will be suspended.
Answer:
He must work hard to avoid suspension.

Question 27.
Rearrange the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences.
(a) Sports / building / physical strength / necessary / are / for
(b) They / sportsmanship / cooperation / include / and
Answer:
(a) Sports are necessary for building physical strength.
(b) They include sportsmanship and cooperation.

Section – IV

Answer of the following. [1 x 2 = 2]

Question 28.
Guide an old lady from the bus stand to the nearby Government Hospital (GH). Here you find the road map. Write three instructions by way of helping her.
Answer:

• Go straight and take the first left cut.
• Walk a little distance, you will come across a pharmacy on to your right.
• Walk a little further, you’ll find the Government Hospital on the same side.

Part – III [10 x 5 = 50]

Section -I

Answer any TWO of the following in utmost 10 lines. [2 x 5 = 10]

Question 29.
Bring out the character of the grandfather and the mother in the lesson, ‘The Night the Ghost got in’.
Answer:
The narrator’s grandfather is an oldtimer of the Union army of the Civil War, which terminated about fifty-two years ago. His bedroom is in the attic. When the police come to the house to search for the burglar, the grandfather thinks that they are militaries who are abandoning because they are losing to the South. The grandfather calls them “cowardly dog” and “lily- livered cattle” and then fetches a policeman’s holster and shoots a man with his own gun.

The police retreat, terrified of the irrational old man but at the breakfast table the next morning, Grandfather seems impeccably conscious of the previous night’s situation, asking why so many police had been “tarryhootin” around the house. On the contraryj the narrator’s mother, Mrs Thurber is a highly excitable woman, scatter brained yet practical at times. Hearing a sound in her house and suspecting a burglar, she thinks of the clever plan of alerting Mrs and Mr.

Bodwell the neighbours by throwing a shoe through his closed window. After he goes to alert the police, she considers throwing the matching shoe, a thrill and fanciful act. She is surprised to hear that Grandfather has shot a policeman, not because of the courageous ferocity of the act, but because the cop was such a nice-looking young man.
“Great powers don’t get angry
Nor do they act in haste”

Question 30.
How do we use technology in our day to day lives?
Answer:
Technology is growing day after day and we all depend on technology. Today we have various developing technologies that impact our lives in different ways. As the world keeps on developing, technology will change. Keeping oneself updated is very important in this modem world. It has totally transformed the life of an individual.

A Refrigerator is programmed to replenish food when the vegetables or milk or eggs are over. Ink cartridges too self-order replacements when it is empty. Technology helps one to manage entertainment and home appliances by voice commands or swapping the finger. When you are bored watching a programme on TV, you can just inform your smart TV your desire to view your social feed. Technology helps you to watch programmes understanding your mood swings.

When caught in traffic, technology permits your kettle to prepare tea for you to sip it hot the moment you reach home. Technology also automates all water and energy management systems. Therefore, accepting it and learning how to use technology in whatever we do is highly important and recommended.
“We are changing the world with Technology.”

Question 31.
Give a brief character sketch of Sasanka Sanyal.
Answer:
Sasanka Sanyal was a wise and intelligent student. Perhaps luck never favoured him. He may have been a book-worm. However, he was overpowered by his friends because of his innocence. Hence, Aditya Narayan Chowdhury exploits him and takes away his Silver medal that he had received for Poetry Recitation. He had a wonderful memory power and could recall every single incident of his past. He remembered Aditya when he saw him in Nagen’s Tea Cabin and confirmed his memory seeing his mole on the right cheek.

He was rude in his behaviour towards Aditya as he did not want to suppress his feelings and vented out his anger on him. He was remorse after the death of his family members. He whiled away his time at Nagen’s shop yet never gave up his self-respect and paid for the cup of coffee and biscuits if in case he had. Financially, he wasn’t comfortable since he couldn’t afford even a spectacle because of his partial deformity in his eye-sight.
“Self-respect permeates every aspect of your life.”

Question 32.
How was the last lesson different from earlier lessons?
Answer:
The last lesson was different from earlier lessons in numerous ways. It revealed the love and respect of the teacher and students for their mother tongue. Even the teacher was unusually kind and did not scold children. M. Hamel taught very patiently, with utmost dedication and sincerity. It seemed as if he wanted to give all that he knew before going away.

He was dressed at his best and his ‘iron ruler’ was not used even to rap it on the desk. The last lesson was attended by villagers with deep remorse to show their love and respect for their mother tongue and also to M. Hamel. The students listened very carefully and everybody was absolutely quiet. Franz regretted for not learning his lesson. The last lesson was indeed emotional. It stirred patriotic feelings and awakened the villagers to the importance of their mother tongue.
“The bird of love flies on two wings-
Faith and Dedicated Service.”

Section – II

Answer any TWO of the following in utmost 10 lines. [2 x 5 = 10]

Question 33.
In what way do we dispossess, betray and condemn ourselves by hating our brothers and taking up arms against them?
Answer:
By hating our brothers and taking up arms against them, we ‘dispossess’ ourselves as we rob ourselves of their love. When we hate them, they too react destructively and stop loving us. Mutually, we deprive each other of the noble emotion of love. We deceive ourselves as our hatred leads to wars, and wars cause widespread death and devastation.

This leads to the piling up of waste that pollutes our own mother earth. The dust and smoke from war obstruct the air that we breathe. So, hatred of fellow beings, in fact, leads to betrayal of our own selves. Further, this earns us condemnation as we disrupt the purity of the elements of nature. We threaten our own existence by ruining the systems that sustain us. Hence, hating our brothers and taking up arms against them does more damage to us.
“The universal brotherhood of man is our most precious possession.”

Question 34.
What qualities have made women powerful?
Answer:
The woman is made powerful due to her multifaceted personality. Today’s women are empowered, brave, strong and resolute. They love to explore and venture into new horizons. They are persistent and work tirelessly to prove what they are capable of. Her inner beauty, her supremacy and strength makes her all-powerful. She exhibits her power by showcasing her fearless nature. She is the symbol of strength as she is strong in her faith and beliefs.

She is seen as all-powerful because of her determined nature. She may sigh, cry and moan but is strong in her hope and firm in her trust. She is a lioness, brave and daring and one dare not muddle with her. If anyone is a mischief maker, she will not spare them. The woman should be feared cautiously since she would thaw or saw you for your deeds against her.
“A Woman believes in being strong, even when things seem to go wrong.”

Question 35.
Read the following stanza and answer the questions given below.
“The weather is always too hot or cold;
Summer and winter alike they scold.
Nothing goes right with the folks you meet Down on that gloomy Complaining Street. ”
(i) Pick out the rhyming words from the above lines?
(li) Write the rhyme scheme of the poem.
(iii) Give another rhyming word for cold and street.
(iv) Name the poem and the poet.
Answer:
(i) The rhyming words are ‘cold and scold’ as well as ‘meet and street’.
(ii) The rhyme scheme for the above are, ‘aabb’ pattern. .
(iii) COLD – bold; STREET – treat
(iv) The Grumble family by Lucy Maud Montgomery is the name of the poem and the poet respectively.

Question 36.
Paraphrase the following stanza.
It is the human earth that we defile.
Our hells of fire and dust outrage the innocence
Of air that is everywhere our own,
Remember, no men are foreign, and no countries strange.
Answer:
The poet again retells us in that people are contaminating this earth by their deeds. The fatal weapons emit fire and ashes that spread all over and pollute the environment. War is futile as it spoils the very earth for which we take up arms against each other. We should protect our atmosphere and keep in mind that this universe is the creation of God and we all are one. It is, therefore, imperative not to consider any human being as foreign and any country as strange.

Section – III

Answer any ONE of the following: [1 x 5 = 5]

Question 37.
Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.
(i) The moon is six hundred times nearer than Mars, and yet our correspondence service is in regular operation with Mars.
(ii) ‘Aren’t you getting some result from the moon, at any rate?’
(iii) As soon as he awoke, Francis Bennett switched on his phonotelephote.
(iv) He questioned one of the ten astronomical reporters.
(v) Later, he went on into the reporters’ room.
Answer:
Rearranged number sequence: (iii), (v), (iv), (ii), (i)
(iii) As soon as he awoke, Francis Bennett switched on his phonotelephote.
(v) Later, he went on into the reporters’ room. .
(iv) He questioned one of the ten astronomical reporters.
(ii) ‘Aren’t you getting some result from the moon, at any rate?’
(i) The moon is six hundred times nearer than Mars, and yet our correspondence service is in regular operation with Mars.

Question 38.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.
Answer:
I was just thirty-seven when my Uncle Philip died. A week before that event he sent for me; and here let me say that I had never set eyes on him. He hated my mother, but I do not know why. She told me long before his last illness that I need expect nothing from my father’s brother. He was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer, and had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels.

He was a bachelor; lived alone, cooked his own meals, and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls. From the time he made his first money he had this mania. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger. When he bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month and now and then took it out and looked at it. Then it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.

Questions.
(i) How old was the narrator when his uncle died?
(ii) What did the narrator’s mother tell him about his uncle?
(iii) What was Uncle Philip’s mania?
(iv) When did Uncle Philip call for his nephew to meet him?
(v) What was the profession of Uncle Philip?
Answer:
(i) The narrator was 37 years old when his uncle died.
(ii) The narrator’s mother told that he need expect nothing from his uncle.
(iii) Uncle Philip had the mania of collecting precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.
(iv) Uncle Philip called the narrator one week before he died.
(v) Uncle Philip was a ingenious mechanical engineer.

Section – IV

Answer any FOUR of the following. [4 x 5 = 20]

Question 39.
Prepare an attractive advertisement using the hints given below.
Singapore and Australia tours – free travel for child or discount.
Answer:

Question 40.
You are Kirubakaran / Suganthi. You are interested in doing a short term course in Computer Programming during your summer vacation. Write a letter to the Director, Computer World, Sector-22, Kanchipuram, enquiring about the duration of such a course and the terms and conditions for admission.
Answer:
Kirubakaran / Suganthi
119, 2nd main road
Kanchipuram
10 May 20XX
The Director
Computer World
Sector-22
Kanchipuram
Sir,
Sub: Short term Course in Computer Programming
Kindly refer to your advertisement in Daily Thanthi dated 8th May 20XX regarding the above mentioned course. I have just passed the A.I. CBSE examination of XII Class with science stream. I am interested in doing a short term course in computer programming during my summer vacation. However, before joining the course, I would like to know the following
details:
(a) Duration of the course and fees
(b) Mode of payment: lump sum/installments
(c) Whether a diploma/certificate is issued
(d) Recognition and its validity
(e) Timings of classes and other relevant information
(f) Individual time on computer

In case you have-some printed material for information kindly send it to me. A self addressed and duly stamped envelope is enclosed for the purpose. An early response will enable me to join your course immediately.

Yours faithfully
Kirubakaran / Suganthi

Address on the envelope
To
The Director
Computer World
Sector-22
Kanchipuram

Question 41.
Write a notice for the school notice-board inviting volunteers for an N.S.S. Camp. You are Sashilatha/Sashikumar the Group leader of S.D. Sr. Sec. School, Vellore.
Answer:

S.D. SR. SEC. School, Vellore 2 July 2020 Notice N.S.S. CAMP An N.S.S. camp of our unit will be held from 15th Aug. to 30th Aug. at village Vallimalai. Projects include Adult Literacy, Tree Plantation, Cleanliness Campaign and Health Awareness. Volunteers should give their names to the undersigned by 7th July 2020 Sashilatha/Sashikumar Group Leader N.S.S.

Question 42.
Look at the following picture and express your views on it in about five sentences.

Answer:
Civic sense is not common. A motorist should not cross the dividing concrete wall. He jeopardizes his own life and those who are likely to drive or walk on the road. If each motorist follows rules as per his convenience, there will be total chaos on the road. Let us respect road rules. Let us cross roads only in places where it is allowed.

Question 43.
Make notes or write a summary of the following passage.
Economics has become one of the important branches of social sciences. It is of great practical value in our daily life. In pure sciences, we study the subject to arrive at the truth. But an economist is a social scientist. He studies the subject not only to know the truth for its own sake, but to find out a way for many economic and social problems of the society. “Knowledge for knowledge’s sake” is not the goal of an economist.

Economics must be fruit bearing. Of course, an economist has no ready made answer for immediate problems. But he can help the government in making broad economic policies. According to J.M. Keynes, “the theory of economics does not furnish a body of settled conclusions immediately applicable to policy. It is a method, rather than doctrine, an apparatus of the mind, a technique of thinking, which helps its possessor to draw correct conclusions”.

Most of the problem of the modern state are economic in nature. So economists play an important role in the affairs of the state. During World War II, the German economy was damaged heavily. There was inflation, shortage of goods and mass unemployment. But the German economy recovered quickly by following the advice of an economist Ludwig Erhard. The German recovery is considered an economic miracle. Similarly, J.M. Keynes had great influence on the economic policies of the American government when it was in great economic trouble during the 1930s. In economics, we study about things like prices, rent, wages, interest, profits and taxation. All these affect every person in one way or the other. It has been rightly said, “you cannot be in any real sense a citizen, unless you are also in some degree an economist.”

Notes
Title: Importance of Economics

• one of the important branches of social sciences – economics
• Economist find out a way for many economical and social problems
• helps the government in making broad economic policies.
• During World War II heavy damage to German economy
• recovered by the economist Ludwig Erhard, – considered a miracle.
• American economic trouble – economist J.M. Keynes.
• we study things like prices, rent, wages, interest, profits and taxatidn
• Economic affects every individual

Summary

Title: Importance of Economics
Rough Draft

Economics one of the important branches of social sciences. An economist not only studies, but find out a way for more many economic and social problems of the society. He can help the government in making broad-ecopomic policies. During World War II, the heavy damage of German economy was recovered by the economist Ludwig Erhard, which is considered a miracle. Similarly in 1930, American government economic trouble was set right by the economist J.M. Keynes. In economics, we study about thmgsTiko-pirices, rent, wages,interest, profits and taxation.

Fair Draft:
Title: Importance of Economics

Economics is one of the important branches of social sciences. An economist find out solutions for many economic and social problems of the society. He can help the government in making broad economic policies. During World War II, the heavy damage of German economy was recovered by the economist Ludwig Erhard, which is considered a miracle. In 1930, American government’s economic trouble was set right by the economist J.M. Keynes. A citizen must be an economist to some degree.
No. of words: 79

Question 44.
Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences.
(a) The workers formed an union for their welfare.
(b) He did not listen to his father’s advises.
(c) Mohan is one of the best student in his class.
(d) Though his mother tongue is Tamil but he always speaks in English.
(e) If he had known of your arrival, he would come to receive you.
Answer:
(a) The workers formed a union for their welfare.
(b) He did not listen to his father’s advice.
(c) Mohan is one of the best students in his class.
(id) Though his mother tongue is Tamil, he always speaks in English.
(.e) If he had known of your arrival, he would have come to receive you.

Section – V

Quote from memory. [1 x 5 = 5]

Question 45.
Not hurrying …………… that pays its toll.
Answer:
Not hurrying to, nor turning from the goal;
Not mourning for the things that disappear
In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
From what the future veils; but with a whole
And happy heart, that pays its toll

Part – IV

Question 46.
Write a paragraph of about 150 words by developing the following hints. [2 x 8 = 16]

(a) Men and Women created equal – man differentiates jobs – Mulan takes a stand – takes a stand – frail father – comfort and pride – responsibilities – martial art, Kung Fu inborn traits head of the family – times of crisis – rises to situations – powers of a woman – knowledge, experience – gender equality far and wide.
Answer:
The Story of Mulan portrays the legendary Chinese warrior Hua Mulan. This old Chinese folktale is about the story of the young Chinese maiden who learns that her wizened, old and frail father is to be called up into the army in order to fight the invading Huns by the Chinese Emperor. When the Huns invade China, one man from every family is called to arms. She hears of the order that every family must send one man to the army while washing clothes. Mulan’s father, who is frail and aged decides to fight for his country though it is clear that he will not survive an enemy encounter.

He decides to go to war but is prevented by her daughter with her outrageous decision. Knowing her father’s frail state, she decides to disguise herself and join in his place without second thoughts. In the army, Mulan proves to be a brave soldier who is later put in charge of other soldiers. Her battles goes so well that more soldiers are added. After a few years, Mulan becomes the General of the entire army. Suddenly, bad fever swept through the army. Many soldiers including Mulan become a prey. The arrival of the doctor brings to light the hidden truth.

Many soldiers disprove such a thought, though some soldiers see the winning chances. Just then a soldier announces the surprise attack by the enemies. With no time to debate, the soldiers spring to action at the command of the General who hears this from inside her tent. She gets dressed and though not strong, she stands tall. She instructs the soldiers to attack knowing very well her strategic planning that all her soldiers acknowledge and win the battle. It was such a big victory that the enemy gave up, at last. The war was over, and China was saved! The Emperor forgives Mulan and was glad that Mulan had ended the long war.

He wanted Mulan to stay with him in the palace and be an advisor but as She chose to go to her family, the emperor gave her six horses and six fine swords so that her people will know that he thinks of her.

[OR]

(b) Elucidate, ‘With the crown, there cometh wisdom’ by developing the following hints. Saying – the crown of snow – elders – shapes our society – age – experiences to be intelligent – Theoretical knowledge – superficial – impact – wisdom-incomparable – learns from mistakes – elders optimistic – different challenges – survivors.
Answer:
In the saying “With the crown of snow, there cometh wisdom” – the crown of snow is pertaining to the eiders. It underlines the importance of the elders in shaping our society. The word, “there cometh wisdom” explains that as we get old our everyday experiences makes us to be intelligent. Theoretical knowledge is always superficial.

The impact is made only by experienced persons. The wisdom one gets from experience can never be compared to one who is learned theoretically. A person learns from Mistakes. Elders are generally optimistic and are ready to learn from their mistakes. They also remember it for their lifetime and never repeat them. The elders who have faced different challenges in life and had survived them braving all storm serve as our guiding path because their varied experiences teach us to become wise. They are wise enough to know what is right from wrong.

Question 47.
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:
Environmentalist are worried at the speed with which fossil fuel is burnt and also at the disappearance of forests. The trees cut are not replaced. This changes the temperature pattern of the atmosphere. In a way much heat is released in the atmosphere, the larger part of that being Carbon Dioxide. ‘The green house effect’ occurs. This is the initial stages of global warming.

The ill effects of accumulated Carbon Dioxide can be minimized by trees and ample vegetation as they absorb it by photosynthesis and make Carbohydrates. Therefore, a well stocked ecosystem exercises. Considerable beneficial effects on human environment by moderating the climate, regulating the water supplies, purifying the air and helping in abating noise.

The most important environmental factors are micro – climate soil characteristics, moisture availability and interaction of animals and insects. Micro – climate is governed by solar radiation, rainfall, wind, humidity and air on the soil temperature. Soil temperature is also influenced by the forests.

Questions.
(a) What are the two reasons which make the environmentalists worried?
(b) How does “green house effect” occur?
(c) How can trees counter the ill effects of carbon dioxide?
(d) What are the factors that govern the micro – climate?
Answer:
(a) The two reasons which make the environmentalists worried are the speed with which fossil fuel is burnt and the disappearance of forests as a result.
(b) ‘The green house effect’ occurs because the trees cut are not replaced. This changes the temperature pattern of the atmosphere releasing much heat in the atmosphere.
(c) The ill effects of accumulated Carbon dioxide can be minimized by trees through their absorbing it by photosynthesis and making Carbohydrates.
(d) The factors that govern the micro – climate are solar radiation, rainfall, wind, humidity and air on the soil temperature which is also influenced by the forests.

[OR]

Read the following poem and answer the questions given below:
Bigot
The bigot insults his own religion When he slays a man of another faith.
Conduct the judges, not in the light of reason;
In the temple, he raises the blood-stained banner And worships the devil in the name of God.
All that is shameful and barbarous through the Ages,
Has found a shelter in their temples—
Those they turn into prisons;
O’ I hear the trumpet call of Destruction!
The time comes with her great broom Sweeping all refuse away.
That which should make man free,
They turn into fetters;
That which should unite, they turn into a sword;
That which should bring love From the fountain of the Eternal,
They turn into a prison
And with its waves, they flood the world.
They try to cross the river In a bark riddled with holes;
And yet, in their anguish, whom do they blame Oh Lord, breaking false religion,
Save the blind!
Break, O break
The altar that is drowned in blood.
Let your thunder strike Into the prison of false religion,
And bring to this unhappy land The light of knowledge

Questions.
(a) Who is a bigot?
(b) What does the word ‘Refuse’ refer to?
(c) What do the followers of false religion do?
(d) What is meant by the phrase ‘the fountain of the Eternal’?
Answer:
(a) A bigot is a human being who is narrow-minded in his religious views. In general he is an extremist.
(b) The word ‘Refuse’ refers to all the infirmities such a dirt and filth found in false religions.
(c) The followers of false religion turn religion into prison, fetters and swords to destroy one another.
(d) The phrase ‘the fountain of the Eternal’ means God Almighty who is everlasting.

Students can Download Tamil Nadu 12th English Model Question Paper 5 Pdf, Tamil Nadu 12th English Model Question Papers helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

TN State Board 12th English Model Question Paper 5

Time: 2 1/2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 90

General Instructions:

• The question paper comprises of four parts.
• You are to attempt all the sections in each part. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
• All questions of Part I, II, III, and IV are to be attempted separately.
• Question numbers 1 to 20 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each. These are to be answered by writing the correct answer along with the corresponding option code.
• Part II has got two sections. The questions are of two marks each. Question numbers 21 to 26 in Section I and Question numbers 27 to 30 in Section II are to be answered in about one or two sentences each.
• Question numbers 31 to 40 in Part III are of three marks each and have been divided in three sections. These are to be answered as directed.
• Question numbers 41 and 47 in Part IV are of five marks each. These are to be answered as directed.

Part -1

I. Answer all the questions. [20 x 1= 20]

Choose the correct synonyms for the underlined words from the options given:

Question 1.
The policeman is not a symbol of tyranny.
(a) autocracy (b) plutocracy (c) aristocracy (d) democracy
Answer:
(d) democracy

Question 2.
I dragged our oxygen sets into the tent.
(a) pushed (b) pulled (c) lauded (d) loaded
Answer:
(b) pulled

Question 3.
His shoulder and arm were amputated.
(a) frustrated (b) attached (c) transplanted (d) removed
Answer:
(d) removed

Choose the correct antonyms for the underlined words from the options given:

Question 4.
She was eager to do so.
(a) anxious (b) apathetic (c) impatient (d) repulsive
Answer:
(b) apathetic

Question 5.
Not the flat, shallow type…
(a) wide (b) wide (c) direct (d) deep
Answer:
(d) deep

Question 6.
Why people should suffer.
(a) undergo pain (b) enjoy (c) heal (d) struggle
Answer:
(b) enjoy

Question 7.
Choose the correct combination for the compound word ‘milk white’.
(a) Noun+ Gerund (b) Noun + Adjective (c) Gerund + Noun (d) Preposition + Noun
Answer:
(b) Noun + Adjective

Question 8.
Choose the correct expansion of TPS.
(a) Thermal Power Supply (b) Thermal Private Sector (c) Thermal Power Station (d). Thermal Power Sector
Answer:
(c) Thermal Power Station

Question 9.
Choose the meaning of the foreign word in the sentence:
I planned to go downtown to meet with Betty, but I ran into a glitch.
(a) big problem (b) small problem (c) gutter (d) accident
Answer:
(b) small problem

Question 10.
Choose the correct combination for the blended word Globish.
(a) Globe+ Fish (b) Globe + frisk (c) Globe + ish (d) Global + English
Answer:
(d) Global + English

Question 11.
Choose the clipped form for graduate.
(a) gradud (b) gad (c) grad (d) duate
Answer:
(c) grad

Question 12.
A desire to read and enjoy eulogy is known as ……………………. .
(a) eulogomania (b) misogamist (c) oleograph (d) monogram
Answer:
(a) eulogomania

Question 13.
Form a derivative by adding the right prefix to the word ‘closed’.
(a) in- (b) re- (c) un- (d) en-
Answer:
(d) en-

Question 14.
Fill in the blanks with a suitable relative pronoun. This is the house ………………… my father built.
(a) where (b) by (c) that (d) who
Answer:
(c) that

Question 15.
Fill in the blanks with a suitable preposition. You should explain this ……………… them.
(a) for (b) with (c) from (d) to
Answer:
(d) to

Question 16.
Choose the correct question tag for the following statement.
Heera can read many languages ……………………….?
(a) won’t she (b) can’t she (c) isn’t she (d) wasn’t she
Answer:
(b) can’t she

Question 17.
Choose the suitable meaning or idiom found in the following sentence.
When the management wanted to cut down on the man power, they offered a golden hand shake to many of their newly recruited employees.
(a) extension of job
(b) renewal of contract
(c) large amount of money given to a person when they leave
(d) give part-time work
Answer:
(c) large amount of money given to a person when they leave

Question 18.
Substitute the underlined word with the appropriate polite alternative.
I think the garbage man didn’t come on his usual rounds.
(a) cleaner (b) sanitizer (c) garbage disposer (d) sanitation engineer
Answer:
(d) sanitation engineer

Question 19.
Choose the correct sentence pattern for the following sentence.
There was a grand finale of scattered plates and silverware.
(a) SVIODO (b) SVAA (c) SVCA (d) AVSC
Answer:
(c) SVCA

Question 20.
Fill in the blank with a suitable phrasal verb.
I ………………………… to the fountain to have my shoes shined.
(a) went across (b) went over (c) went into (d) put aside
Answer:
(b) went over

Part II
Section – 1

Read the following sets of poetic lines and answer any four from it. [4 x 2 = 8]

Question 21.
“And the enemy half a mile away They seemed no threat to us at all”
(a) What were the soldiers expecting?
(b) Where were the enemies?
Answer:
(a) The soldiers were expecting a war.
(b) The enemies were half a mile away.

Question 22.
“And then the justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lin’d,
With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,
Full of wise saws and modern instances
(a) Whom does justice refer to?
(b) Describe his appearance.
Answer:
(a) Justice refers to a man in his fifth stage when he becomes critical of everyone else’s opinion in life.
(b) He has a pot belly and is fond of eating delicacies.

Question 23.
“A creeper climbs, in whose embraces bound No other tree could live.”
(a) How does the tree survive the tight hold of the creeper?
(b) Why does Toru Dutt use the expression ‘a creeper climbs’?
Answer:
(a) The tree takes the tight hold of the creeper like the embraces of a lady love. So, it doesn’t hurt the tree. It grows stronger bearing the bite marks of love.
(b) A creeper cannot grow without the support of another tree or a pole. While climbing, it tries to sap the energy from the living tree. It twines its body around the tree and keeps climbing.

Question 24.
“That ever with a frolic welcome took
The thunder and the sunshine, and opposed”
(a) What do ‘thunder’ and ‘sunshine’ refer to?
(b) What do we infer about the attitude of the sailors?
Answer:
(a) Thunder and sunshine refers to misfortunes and happy days. Ulysses and his comrades had undergone both kinds of experiences.
(b) The sailors shared the undying quest for exploration, adventure and for seeking newer knowledge in the untravelled world. They even welcomed dangers in fighting with Gods. They enjoyed the thrill of action and never worried about the outcome of battles or quests. They have equal temper of heroic hearts.

Question 25.
“Just as perhaps he mused, ‘My plans That soar, to earth may fall,”
(а) Who does ‘he’ refer to?
(b) What may hamper the soaring plans of Napoleon?
Answer:
(a) ‘He’ refers to Napoleon Bonaparte.
(b) The negative outcome of battle at Ratisbon may hamper his soaring plans.

Question 26.
“Tell him to be a fool ever so often and to have no shame over having been a fool yet learning something out of every folly hoping to repeat none of the cheap follies”
(a) Is it a shame to be a fool at times?
(b) What does one learn from every folly?
Answer:
(a) No, everyone does commit funny mistakes in life. One might just laugh at them.
(b) Every folly teaches a person his limitations and vulnerabilities. By making conscious efforts to avoid them in future, one will become stronger and wiser.

Section – 2

Answer any three of the following questions. [3 x 2 = 6]

Question 27.
Report the following dialogue:
Answer:
James : Can you come to my apartment tomorrow?
Simon : Thank you, I will come tomorrow after lunch.
James asked Simon if he could come to his apartment the next day. Simon thanked him and said that he would come to his apartment the following day after lunch.

Question 28.
Sundar wants to pass the test. He has to work hard, (combine using ‘if’)
Answer:
If Sundar wants to pass the test, he has to work hard.

Question 29.
Rewrite the sentence making an inversion in the conditional clause.
If we were to have children, we would certainly need to move to a bigger house.
Answer:
Were we to have children, we would certainly need to move to a bigger house.

Question 30.
The house was destroyed in the fire, but the whole family was saved. (Change the following into a complex sentence)
Though the house was destroyed in the fire, the whole family was saved.

Part-III
Section -1

Explain any two of the following with reference to the context. [2 x 3 = 6]

Question 31.
I will maintain until my death
Answer:
Reference: This line is from Edwin Muir’s poem “The Castle”.

Context: The poet says this while recounting the shameful act of betrayal by the aged warder of the wicket gate.

Explanation: The narrator was overconfident of the invincibility of their castle, their stock piled arms and well-stocked granary. They had a brave captain and loyal soldiers. In an open war, they need not fear defeat as their friendly neighbours were also willing to join them during a war against any invader. But their enemy was within their fortified castle. They were sold for a bag of gold. Without a groan the citadel was captured. It was a shameful way to lose one’s side. So, the narrator prefers not to recount this shameful secret to anyone so long as he is alive.

Question 32.
Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘All the world’s a stage’ written by William Shakespeare.

Context: The poet says these words while describing the preparedness of the old man in the last stage of life to exit from this lonely planet.

Explanation: The poet beautifully says the “eventful history” (i.e.) life which was spiced up with many interesting things is now coming to a dramatic close. The eternal jewel of life, ‘the soul’, is going to depart the body which had kept it imprisoned for long. The soul celebrates the joy of freedom in death.

Question 33.
He will be lonely enough to have time for the work
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son’ written by Carl August Sandburg.

Context: The poet says these words to explain how creative thinkers and those who strive to bring about changes are left alone to fend for themselves.

Explanation: The poet asks his son to take advantage of the loneliness. He must enjoy the advantages of solitude. Solitude would help him to be creative. He would invariably learn that final decisions are always taken in silent rooms. In solitude he can pursue his creative imagination and succeed like Shakespeare, Wright brothers, Pasteur, Pavlov and Faraday.

Section – 2

Answer any two of the following questions in about 30 words. [2 x 3 = 6]

Question 34.
How was Dr. Barnard’s attitude to suffering different from that of his father’s?
Answer:
Dr. Barnard’s father accepted suffering as God’s will. He also believed that suffering ennobles humans. But Dr. Barnard found no meaning in the agony and suffering of patients and especially of the young children.

Question 35.
What was thrilling to watch 8000 feet below them?
Answer:
In a number of places, the overhanging ice cornices were very large. In order to escape them, Hillary cut a line of steps down to where the snow met the rocks on the west. It was a great thrill to look straight down that enormous rock face to see 8000 ft below them the tiny tents of Camp 4 in the Western Cwm.

Question 36.
‘Curtailment of private liberty is done to establish social order’ – Do you agree?
Answer:
Yes, curtailment of private liberty is done to establish social order. Liberty is not a personal affair only, it is a social contract. There are a lot of people in the world who need to accommodate their liberty to the liberties of others. A reasonable consideration of the rights or feelings of others in the foundation of social conduct. When one has submitted to the curtailment of private liberty, one may enjoy a social order which makes his liberty, a reality.

Section – 3

Answer any three of the following questions in about 30 words. [3 x 3 = 9]

Question 37.
Study the pie-chart given below and answer the questions that follow:

(a) How much percentage in this group have AB blood group?
(b) What is the percentage of people in this group who do not have the donor group?
(c) According to the given percentage, how many people have either A or B blood groups?
Answer:
(a) 19% of the people have AB Blood group.
(b) 60% of the people do not have the donor group that is Type O.
(c) Approximately Question Question 41.1 % of people do not have either A or B blood groups.

Question 38.
Write a dialogue of minimum 3 exchanges between a Mr. Karnan and a Policeman.
Answer:
Mr. Karnan : Thank you sir for responding to us at this time. There has been a theft in my house.
Policeman : It’s our duty, sir. I hope you haven’t touched anything inside the house.
Mr. Karnan : No sir, I made a call from my mobile as soon as we returned from the night show and found the front door open.
Policeman : Did you enter the house?
Mr. Karnan : Yes sir, just now. The burglars have stolen many of my household articles including money and jewellery.
Policeman: Don’t worry. We will find the culprits at the earliest.

Question 39.
Describe the process of making an omelette.
Answer:
Take an egg and beat the egg well with a fork or egg beater.
Finely chop a small onion, one green chilly, one pod of garlic, coriander leaves Mix the chopped ingredients to the beaten egg.
Add salt to taste and beat.
Heat a tava and add a spoon of oil.
Pour the mixture into the hot tava like a dosa.
Flip sides till it gets cooked on both sides.

Question 40.
Complete the proverbs using the word given below.
(а) Familiarity breeds (friendship, contempt, malice)
(b) Fools rush in where angels fear to (tread, exit, enter)
(c) Give the devil his (share, profit, due)
Answer:
(a) contempt (b) tread (c) due

Part – IV

Answer the following questions: [7 x 5 = 35]
Answer in a paragraph in about 150 words.

Question 41.
How did a casual incident in a hospital help Dr. Barnard perceive a new dimension of life?
Answer:
Initially Dr. Barnard was grumbling. He wondered why on earth he and his wife should have been subjected to agony and inconvenience. He couldn’t take his dad’s view that suffering ennobles human beings. But the little boys taught him a profound lesson of life. One should get on with the business of living irrespective of whatever misfortune strikes one.

You don’t become a better person because you suffered, your suffering does not ennoble you. But you become a better person because you have experienced suffering. It is not what you have lost is important. What is important is what you have left. We can appreciate light better once we have experienced darkness. Similarly, we can appreciate warmth only after experiencing cold.

[OR]

The ridge had Hillary and Tenzing two and half hours, but it seemed like lifetime. Why?
Answer:
Both Hillary and Tenzing reached a wide ledge. Hillary deeply felt the fierce determination that nothing could stop them from scaling the Himalayas. He took a stronghold on the ledge and signalled Tenzing to come up. With great difficulty Tenzing reached the way up the crack and collapsed like a giant fish hauled up from the ocean. There were giant cornices on the right and steep rock sloped on the left. The ridge curved away to the right. They had no idea where the peak was.

As Hillary cut around the back of one hump, another would swing anew to his view. Time seemed never-ending. Their original zest started diminishing. The climb was becoming a grim struggle. To their surprise, the ridge ahead now dropped sharply away. A few more whacks of the ice-axe in the firm snow, they stood on top. It was Question 11.30, the ridge had taken two and a half hours. But it seemed like a lifetime as they had to negotiate numerous ridges on the way.

Question 42.
Give the summary of the poem, “Our Casuarina Tree’.
Answer:
The poet Torn Dutt describes the perpetually young Casuarina tree in this poem. The tree is tall and mighty. A creeper winds around its huge and wide trunk like a python. Birds chirp happily. The poet is ecstatic seeing the tree from her casement / window. In fact, she greets the tree everyday soon after getting up from bed. She finds a baboon sitting like a statue on top of the tree. The cows are grazing in the lush green meadows around the tree. Water lilies add to the charm of the pond. She recalls that the tree is dear not because of its majestic looks but because of the nostalgic memories attached to it.

She remembers the happy times she had spent with her siblings, who are now no more, under the tree. They died of consumption. Their absence makes the tree much more endearing to the poet. Mysteriously she hears the grief- filled lament of the tree when she is on the shores of France and Italy. She consecrates the tree’s memory to her dear departed siblings. Taking inspiration from William Wordsworth’s poem ‘Yew-trees’, she also wishes to immortalize the Cauarina tree. So she sings about it in her poem.

[OR]

What is the role of the young soldier in the victory of the French at Ratisbon?
Answer:
The young soldier was one of the soldiers in the infantry division leading the battle. On storming Ratisbon, unmindful of the cannon fire, he climbed the flag post with French flag and hoisted it. He received the bullets in turn for his service to the emperor and French army. He did not succumb to the bullets immediately, he galloped on horse back to convey the news to emperor Napoleon Bonaparte himself.

He held on to life till he reached Napoleon and conveyed the happy news. He waited with abated breath to know the reaction of his great leader. When he expressed his sadness, his pride was hurt. He denied the emperor’s sympathy and said emphatically that he was killed. He fell down beside emperor Napoleon with a smiling face and died.

Question 43.
Write a paragraph of about 150 words by developing the following hints:
Ivan – tongue-tied – knife – moral shock – innocent victim – faith in justice – wife’s suspicion – loses hopes – belief in God – divine justice. Tsar’s judgement- mills of justice grind slow – Semyonich confesses – cruel joke
Answer:
Ivan is tongue-tied when the police finds knife in his bag. The moral shock he undergoes as an innocent victim of circumstances allows him to have faith injustice. But the moment his wife expresses her suspicion over his involvement in the murder, he loses all hopes. It is then that he starts believing in God and divine justice.

Tsar can’t give him freedom. His judgement is based on evidences given by crooked people. God need not be given any evidences of innocence. He knows the truth but his mills of justice grind very slow. Ivan loses interest in escaping or leaving the prison. He had no one to go back to. At this juncture, Semyonich confesses his guilt of murdering the merchant. When the pardon arrives as a cruel joke, Ivan is dead. So, ‘God knows the truth but waits’ is the most appropriate title for this story.

[OR]

Sermon on diligence – Roger demands half-day leave – value of hard work – an impartial judge – switches off attention – take notes – self-indulgent absent-mindedness – escapes – rewinds memory – hoodwinks the judge – interview the award committee – judge was quite impressed – Mr. Clay’s office – orderly mind – excel in any learned profession
Answer:
In the beginning of the play Roger demands half-day leave and that was enough for the judge to start his sermon on the value of hard work and his standing in the society as an impartial judge. Roger conveniently switches off his attention and pretends to take notes of the instructions of the judge. The judge almost catches in his self-indulgent absent-mindedness. Roger escapes by the skin of his teeth by just rewinding from his memory the oft-repeated story of his success.

He hoodwinks the judge as to the purpose of his demand for half-a-day leave by saying that he wanted to personally interview the award committee as to why they had not forwarded the documents. The judge was quite impressed. The judge asked him to walk to Mr. Clay’s office in the afternoon. He reiterated that diligence, courage and attention to details are required to cultivate an orderly mind. Without an orderly mind no man can hope to excel in any learned profession.

Question 44.
Write a summary or Make notes of the following passage.
Answer:
Teaching is the noblest of vocations. A teacher has a sacred duty to perform. It is he on whom rests the responsibility of shaping the character of young children. Apart from developing their intellect, he can inculcate in them qualities of good citizenship, remaining neat and clean, talking decently and sitting properly. These virtues are not easy to be absorbed.

Only he who himself leads a life of simplicity, purity and rigid discipline can successfully cultivate these habits in his pupils. Besides a teacher always remains young. He may grow old in age, but not in spite. Perpetual contact with budding youth keeps him happy and cheerful. There are moments when domestic worries weigh heavily on his mind but the delightful company of innocent children makes him overcome his temporary moods of despair.

Summary

No. of words given in the original passage: 133
No. of words to be written in the summary: 133/3 = 41 ± 5

Rough Draft
Teaching is the noblest vocation. A teacher has a sacred duty to perform the responsibility of shaping the character of young children. Apart from developing their intellect, he can inculcate good citizenship. Besides a teacher always remains young perpetual contact with the youth keeps him overcome his temporary moods of despair.

Fair draft Noble Profession
Teaching is the noblest vocation. A teacher himself leading a simple, pure and disciplined life can shape the character of the young children and make them neat and good mannered citizens. Besides he remains every young forgetting his own domestic worries in the constant company of the young.

No. of words in the summary: 48

Or

Notes
Title: Noble Profession
Teachg – Noble Profession
sacred duty – mouldg charac
qlts A good citizenship
neat, clean,

Teachr – Forever Young
grow old in age but not in spite.
contact c budg youth .
domestic worries weigh heavily-delightful co. A innocent children overcomes

Abbreviations used: Mouldg – moulding; charac – character; A – of; qlts – qualities; Teachg – teaching; Teachr – teacher; c – with; budg-budding; co. – company

Question 45.
You are Roshini of 27-Railway Quarters, ICF, Chennai. Last week you bought a bluetooth speaker from ‘Universal Mobile’, 20L, Luz Corner, Chennai. The bluetooth speaker developed a problem within a few days of its purchase. Write a complaint letter to the dealer giving details of the nature of the problem and asking him/her to rectify the defect or replace the phone.
Answer:
26th March, 2019
From
Roshini
27-Railway Quarters
ICF
Chennai

To
M/s Universal Mobile
20L, Luz Corner
Chennai
Dear Sirs,

Sub: Defective Mobile Phone
I am a resident of ICF, Chennai. I purchased a JBL Clip 3 bluetooth speaker from Universal Mobile on 19th March, 20Question 20.1 am sorry to say that the speaker developed a problem within a few days of its purchase. The sound is quite unclear and irritating. I feel cheated to have such a defective mobile phone after spending more than twelve thousand mpees.

It is quite unfortunate that even after sending two reminders, you have shown no urgency to rectify the defects or replace the defective mobile set at the earliest. I hope you will do the needful within a week. I am sure you will not compel me to knock the doors of the Consumer Court for this unpleasant lapse of time on your part.

Yours sincerely
Roshini

Address on the envelope:
To
Universal Mobile, Luz Comer
Chennai

[OR]

Write a paragraph of 150 words on “My ambition in life.”.
Answer:

My ambition in life

Taking a photo or posing for a photo is something that I have always enjoyed even as a small little kid. There’s one thing that gets me to do and excites me. It is photography and that really stands out from all the rest. I always think of going all over the world and take shots of everything worth-seeing. I want to stick to photography all the time. I think I will never get tired of it. Even as a kindergartener, I used to admire pictures taken and collect pictures.

I always asked my parents to get me a camera. For my 14th birthday, I was gifted an SLR because of my passion for photography. I know there’s so much I have to leam about photography and I am trying to leam more and more about it. I joined a photography class after my tenth exams. I always used to take part in competitions and win prizes. I think there are many people in my community who are really good at photography and present outstanding photographs regarding nature’s beauty and others.

Many of them held photography contests to motivate and encourage new photographers. I now have a craze to do Candid Photography. I know for sure that I can pursue this as a hobby as well as my profession. If you love your job, you will never feel the pressure of working and hence I have decided to become a photographer for my life.

Question 46.
Spot the errors and rewrite the sentences correctly
(a) If I had known you were ill, I would visit you.
(b) He spoke the English perfectly.
(c) I am writing the essay when the bell rang.
(d) I and Sheela have booked tickets for the latest Harry Potter movie.
(e) It is an great honour.
Answer:
(a) If I had known you were ill, I would have visited you.
(b) He spoke English perfectly.
(c) I was writing the essay when the bell rang.
(d) Sheela and I have booked tickets for the latest Harry Potter movie.
(e) It is a great honour.

[OR]

Fill in the blanks correctly.
(а) My daughter who is just four …………………… (ears/years) old loves to play in the (sun/son)
(b) If it were not cold outside, I …………………… be much happier! (Use a modal in the given blank.)
(c) You …………………… finish reading this book by this weekend, (use a semi-modal)
(d) They …………………… (buy) sponges this week, (use a proper tense)
Answer:
(a) years/sun (b) would (c) need to (d) will be buying

Question 47.
Identify each of the following sentences with the fields given below:
(a) At the Sarangkheda horse fair in Maharashtra, local breeds attract buyers from as far as Saudi Arabia.
(b) My brother was awestruck at the western classical concert.
(c) Dhoni was declared the Man of the Series.
(d) French actress Catherine’s clothing was designed by her friend Yas for her next project.
(e) The investigations included megascopic and microscopic studies of rocks.
[Geology; Tourism; Music; Sports; Costume]
Answer:
(a) Tourism (b) Music (c) Sports (d) Costume (e) Geology

[OR]

Read the following passage and answer the questions in your own words.
Answer:
Black holes are one of the most mysterious and powerful forces in the universe. But what exactly are they? Are they simply holes that are black? Well, there’s more to it than that. A black hole is not a regular object with a surface area, like a planet. Instead, it’s an area in space where matter has literally collapsed onto itself. Black holes are formed when giant stars run out of energy. They end their life cycle and explode. This massive explosion is called a supernova. If the star has enough mass, it will collapse onto itself into a super small size.

Imagine an enormous mass squeezed into a tiny space. That space would become compact and dense. This causes the gravitational pull to be extremely strong. It will gobble up and absorb anything in its way, even gigantic stars. Nothing can move fast enough to escape its gravity. Not even light, the fastest thing in the universe! Black holes will gobble up anything and everything in their path, including light.

What happens to an object that gets sucked into a black hole? It will be literally stretched to its breaking point. Luckily, we don’t have to worry about black holes swallowing up our solar system. That’s because the nearest black hole is about 27,000 light-years away! Here’s a strange fact: black holes cannot actually be seen. That’s because they don’t deflect light. So how can we be certain they exist? Scientists discovered them by observing light and objects around them.

They noticed that black holes affected their surroundings like nearby dust, stars, and galaxies. Two different scientists from the 18th century named John Michell and Pierre-Simon Laplace first observed them. Then in 1967, a physicist named John Archibald Wheeler came up with the term “black hole”.

Black holes come in different sizes. Some are about the mass of one star. These are called “stellar” black holes. Others can grow and become huge. They may continue to absorb light, mass, and even stars around them. These are called “super-massive black holes.” They can be one million times more massive than our sun. Many scientists believe these super-massive black holes often exist right at the center of galaxies. In fact, we have one right in the middle of our very own Milky Way.

Questions:
a. Based on the information in the article, what is a black hole?
b. Who first discovered the existence of black holes?
c. Why are black holes dangerous?
d. Are all black holes the same size? Explain.
e. Why can’t black holes be seen?
Answers:
(a) A black hole is one of the most mysterious and powerful forces in the universe, an area in space where matter has collapsed in on itself.
(b) Two different scientists from the 18th century named John Michell and Pierre-Simon Laplace first discovered the existence of black holes.
(c) Black holes pull in anything that gets too close and stretch things to their breaking point and hence they are dangerous.
(d) No. Some black holes are the size of a single star. These are called stellar black holes. Others are the size of a million stars the size of our sun, or larger. These are called super- massive black holes.
(e) Black holes cannot actually be seen because they don’t deflect light. They can only be discovered by observing light and objects around them.