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Students can download 11th Business Maths Chapter 5 Differential Calculus Ex 5.10 Questions and Answers, Notes, Samcheer Kalvi 11th Business Maths Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Differential Calculus Ex 5.10

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Business Maths Differential Calculus Ex 5.10 Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Question 1.
If f(x) = x² – x + 1 then f(x + 1) is:
(a) x²
(b) x
(c) 1
(d) x² + x + 1
Answer:
(d) x² + x + 1
Hint:
f(x) = x² – x + 1
f(x + 1) = (x + 1)² – (x + 1) + 1
= x² + 2x + 1 – x – 1 + 1
= x² + x + 1

Question 2.

(a) -1
(b) 2
(c) 5
(d) 7
Answer:
(c) 5
Hint:

f(5) = 5² – 4(5) = 25 – 20 = 5
[For x = 5 take f(x) = x² – 4x]

Question 3.

(a) 2
(b) 5
(c) -1
(d) 0
Answer:
(a) 2
Hint:

f(0) = 0 + 2 = 2
[For x = 0 take f(x) = x + 2]

Question 4.
If f(x) = \(\frac{1-x}{1+x}\) then f(-x) is equal to:
(a) -f(x)
(b) \(\frac{1}{f(x)}\)
(c) \(-\frac{1}{f(x)}\)
(d) f(x)
Answer:
(b) \(\frac{1}{f(x)}\)
Hint:
f(x) = \(\frac{1-x}{1+x}\)

Question 5.
The graph of the line y = 3 is:
(a) Parallel to x-axis
(b) Parallel to the y-axis
(c) Passing through the origin
(d) Perpendicular to the x-axis
Answer:
(a) Parallel to x-axis
Hint:

Question 6.
The graph of y = 2x² is passing through:
(a) (0, 0)
(b) (2, 1)
(c) (2, 0)
(d) (0, 2)
Answer:
(a) (0, 0)
Hint:

y = 2x²
Put x = 0, y = 0 the equation is satisfied.

Question 7.
The graph of y = e^x intersect the y-axis at:
(a) (0, 0)
(b) (1, 0)
(c) (0, 1)
(d) (1, 1)
Answer:
(c) (0, 1)
Hint:
y = e^x
Put x = 0, we get y = e⁰ = 1.
∴ The graph intersects the y-axis at (0, 1)

Question 8.
The minimum value of the function f(x) = |x| is:
(a) 0
(b) -1
(c) +1
(d) ∞
Answer:
(a) 0
Hint:

f(x) = |x|
f(0) = |0| = 0

Question 9.
Which one of the following functions has the property f(x) = f(\(\frac{1}{x}\))?
(a) f(x) = \(\frac{x^{2}-1}{x}\)
(b) f(x) = \(\frac{1-x^{2}}{x}\)
(c) f(x) = x
(d) f(x) = \(\frac{x^{2}+1}{x}\)
Answer:
(d) f(x) = \(\frac{x^{2}+1}{x}\)
Hint:
f(x) = f(\(\frac{1}{x}\))
take f(x) = \(\frac{x^{2}+1}{x}\)

Question 10.
If f(x) = 2^x and g(x) = \(\frac{1}{2^{x}}\) then (fg)(x) is:
(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) 4^x
(d) \(\frac{1}{4^{x}}\)
Answer:
(a) 1
Hint:
(fg) x = f(x) g(x) = \(2^{x} \times \frac{1}{2^{x}}\) = 1

Question 11.
Which of the following function is neither even nor odd?
(a) f(x) = x³ + 5
(b) f(x) = x⁵
(c) f(x) = x¹⁰
(d) f(x) = x²
Answer:
(a) f(x) = x³ + 5
Hint:
Since it has a constant term 5.
f(x) = x³ + 5
f(-x) = (-x)³ + 5 = -x³ + 5.
It is not either f(x) or -f(x).

Question 12.
f(x) = -5, for all x ∈ R is a:
(a) an identity function
(b) modulus function
(c) exponential function
(d) constant function
Answer:
(d) constant function

Question 13.
The range of f(x) = |x|, for all x ∈ R is:
(a) (0, ∞)
(b) [0, ∞)
(c) (-∞, ∞)
(d) [1, ∞)
Answer:
(b) [0, ∞)
Hint:
[0, ∞) since in this interval 0 is included and f(0) = 0.

Question 14.
The graph of f(x) = e^x is identical to that of:
(a) f(x) = a^x, a > 1
(b) f(x) = a^x, a < 1
(c) f(x) = a^x, 0 < a < 1
(d) y = ax + b, a ≠ 0
Answer:
(a) f(x) = a^x, a > 1

Question 15.
If f(x) = x² and g(x) = 2x + 1 then (fg)(0) is:
(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) 1
(d) 4
Answer:
(a) 0
Hint:
(fg)(0) = f(o) g(o)
= 0² (2(0) + 1)
= 0(1)
= 0

Question 16.
\(\lim _{\theta \rightarrow 0} \frac{\tan \theta}{\theta}=\)
(a) 1
(b) ∞
(c) -∞
(d) θ
Answer:
(a) 1 (By formula)

Question 17.
\(\lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{e^{x}-1}{x}=\)
(a) e
(b) nx^n-1
(c) 1
(d) 0
Answer:
(c) 1 (By formula)

Question 18.
For what value of x, f(x) = \(\frac{x+2}{x-1}\) is not continuous?
(a) -2
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) -1
Answer:
(b) 1
Hint:
When x = 1, \(\frac{x+2}{x-1}\) is not defined.

Question 19.
A function f(x) is continuous at x = a \(\lim _{x \rightarrow a} f(x)\) is equal to:
(a) f(-a)
(b) f(\(\frac{1}{a}\))
(c) 2f(a)
(d) f(a)

Question 20.
\(\frac{d}{d x}\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\) is equal to:
(a) \(-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
(b) \(-\frac{1}{x}\)
(c) log x
(d) \(\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
Answer:
(a) \(-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)

Question 21.
\(\frac{d}{d x}\) (5e^x – 2 log x) is equal to:
(a) 5e^x – \(\frac{2}{x}\)
(b) 5e^x – 2x
(c) 5e^x – \(\frac{1}{x}\)
(d) 2 log x
Answer:
(a) 5e^x – \(\frac{2}{x}\)
Hint:

Question 22.
If y = x and z = \(\frac{1}{x}\) then \(\frac{d y}{d z}\) =
(a) x²
(b) 1
(c) -x²
(d) \(\frac{-1}{x^{2}}\)
Answer:
(c) -x²
Hint:

Question 23.
If y = e^2x then \(\frac{d^{2} y}{d x^{2}}\) at x = 0 is:
(a) 4
(b) 9
(c) 2
(d) 0
Answer:
(a) 4
Hint:

Question 24.
If y = log x then y₂ =
(a) \(\frac{1}{x}\)
(b) \(-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
(c) \(-\frac{2}{x^{2}}\)
(d) e2
Answer:
(b) \(-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
Hint:
y = log x
∴ y₁ = \(\frac{1}{x}\)
∴ y₂ = \(\frac{-1}{x^{2}}\)

Question 25.
\(\frac{d}{d x}\left(a^{x}\right)=\)
(a) \(\frac{1}{x \log _{e} a}\)
(b) a^a
(c) x log_ea
(d) a^x log_ea
Answer:
(d) a^x log_ea (by formula)

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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Guide Pdf Chapter 14 Introduction to Javascript Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Solutions Chapter 14 Introduction to Javascript

11th Computer Applications Guide Introduction to Javascript Text Book Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
Which provided a common scripting language to web developers to design, test and deploy Internet Application?
a) C
b) C++
c) Java
d) JavaScript
Answer:
d) JavaScript

Question 2.
Expand CGI _________.
a) Common Gateway Interface
b) Complex Gateway Information
c) Common Gateway Information
d) Complex Gateway Interface
Answer:
a) Common Gateway Interface

Question 3.
JavaScript programming language is used to develop the _________.
a) Dynamic Web Page
b) Window
c) Web Page
d) Home Page
Answer:
a) Dynamic Web Page

Question 4.
The Dynamic Web Page help to save server’s _______
a) Work
b) Route
c) Traffic
d) Pvath
Answer:
c) Traffic

Question 5.
User entered data, is validated before sending it to server is called _______.
a) Server traffic
b) Dynamic Web Page
c) Server Route
d) Web server
Answer:
b) Dynamic Web Page

Question 6.
Java Scripts can be implemented using which statements?
a) <head>
b) <Java>
c) <script>
d) <text>
Answer:
c) <script>

Question 7.
Expand DHTML _______.
a) Distance Hyper Text Markup language
b) Dynamic Hyper Text Markup language
c) Distance High Text Markup language
d) Dynamic High Text Markup language
Answer:
b) Dynamic Hyper Text Markup language

Question 8.
How many attributes specifies that <script> tag in the scripting?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
Answer:
a) 2

Question 9.
Which attribute is used to indicate the scripting language and its value should be sent to ” Text/JavaScript”?
a) Language
b) Text
c) Type
d) Body
Answer:
c) Type

Question 10.
The file reload into the browser use the shortcut key is _________.
a) F2
b) F3
c) F4
d) F5
Answer:
d) F5

Question 11.
JavaScript ignores spaces that appear between _________.
a) Command
b) Scripts
c) Tokens
d) Text
Answer:
c) Tokens

Question 12.
A Data value for variable that appears directly in a program by using a _______.
a) loop
b) Literal
c) Statement
d) Text
Answer:
b) Literal

Question 13.
Which is mostly used to give a warning message to users?
a) Alert Dialog Box
b) Confirm box
c) Prompt box
d) Display box
Answer:
a) Alert Dialog Box

Question 14.
In the below snippet, value of x is var x = 250 + 2-200;
a) 50
b) 52
c) 48
d) 42
Answer:
b) 52

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
Write a syntax of <script> tag.
Answer:
The syntax of Java <script> tag;

Language – This attribute specifies the scripting language.
Type – This attribute is used to indicate the scripting language and its value should be set to “text/javascript”.

Question 2.
What is scope of variables and types of scope variable?
Answer:
Scope of variables – The scope of a variable is the life time of a variable of source code in which it is defined.

• A global variable has global scope; it can be defined everywhere in the Java Script code.
• Variables declared within a function are defined only within the body of the function. They are local variables and have local scope.

Question 3.
Write a notes to type casting in JavaScript.
Answer:
Type casting in Java Script – Type conversion is the act of converting one data type into a different data type which is also called as casting. In Java Script there are two type of casting,

• Implicit casting and
• Explicit casting

Implicit casting occurs automatically in Java Script when we change the data stored in a variable.

Question 4.
How many Literals in JavaScript and mention its types.
Answer:
A literal is a fixed value given to a variable in source code. Literals are often used to initialize

Question 5.
What is conditional operator? Give suitable example.
Answer:
Conditional Operator (?:)
The ?: is the conditional operator in JavaScript, which requires three operands, hence it is called the ternary operator. The syntax is
var variablename = (condition) ? value1 : value2;

Working of conditional operator:
First condition will be evaluated, if the condition returns true then the value of the left side of the colon is assigned to the variable otherwise the value of the right side of the colon will be assigned the variable.

For example:
var result=(10>15) ?100 :150;
In the above example, since the condition returns false the value 150 will be assigned to result.

Question 6.
What are the comments in Java Script?
Answer:
There are two types of comments, Single line and Multiple lines comments.

1. Single-line comments begin with a double slash (//), causing the interpreter to ignore everything from that point to the end of the line.
2. Multiple line comments begins with /* and ends with */.

For example:
// JavaScript single line comment .
/* Multiple line
comments */

Question 7.
Write note on types of Operator.
Answer:
JavaScript supports the following operators.

1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Relational Operators
3. Logical Operators
4. Assignment Operators
5. String Operators
6. Increment and Decrement Operators
7. Conditional Operator
   Unary + and – Operator
8. typeof Operator

Question 8.
Write the role of variable in JavaScript.
Answer:
Variable is a memory location where value can be stored. Variable is a symbolic name for a value. Variables are declared with the var keyword in JavaScript. Every variable has a name, called identifier.

Every variable has a data type that indicates what kind of data the variable holds. The basic data types in JavaScript are Strings, Numbers, and Booleans.

Question 9.
What is the use of prompt dialog box?
Answer:
Prompt Dialog Box:
The prompt dialog box is very useful when the user want to pop-up a text box to get user input. Thus, it enables you to interact with the user. The user needs to fill in the text box field and then click OK.

The Syntax of prompt dialog box is:
Prompt(“Message”,”defaultValue”);
(or)
window.prompt(”sometext”,”defaultText”);

Example:
prompt(“Enter Your Name:”,”Name”);
(or)
window.prompt(“Enter Your Name:”,”Name”);

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
What are the advantages of programming language?
Answer:
Advantages of Programming Language:

1. The web pages must be interactive. So to develop such interactive pages (Dynamic Web page) JavaScript programming language is used.
2. User entered data in the Dynamic Web page can be validated before sending it to the server. This saves server traffic, which means less load on our server.
3. JavaScript includes such items as Textboxes, Buttons, drag-and-drop components and sliders to give a Rich Interface to site visitors. For example Creating a New email account in any service provider.

Question 2.
Brief the basic data types in Java Scripts.
Answer:
Every variable has a data type that indicates what kind of data the variable holds. The basic data types in JavaScript are Strings, Numbers, and Booleans.

1. A string is a list of characters, and a string literal is indicated by enclosing the characters in single or double quotes. Strings may contain a single character or multiple characters, including whitespace and special characters such as \n (the newline).
2. Numbers can be integer or floating-point numerical value and numeric literals are specified in the natural way.
3. Boolean can be any one of two values: true or false. Boolean literals are indicated by using true or false directly in the source code.

Question 3.
Write note on string Operator.
Answer:
String Operators:
One of the built-in features of JavaScript is the ability to concatenate strings. The + operator performs addition on numbers but also serves as the concatenation operator for strings. Because string concatenation has precedence over numeric addition, + will be interpreted as string concatenation if any of the operands are strings. + operator which is also called as the string concatenation operator.

For example:
Using + Operator for concatenating String:
<Html>
<Head>
<Title>Demo Program – To Concatenating (+) Operators in JavaScript </Title>
</Head>
<Body>
<script language=”javascript” type=”text/
javascript”>
var String1 = “Java”;
var String2 = “Script”;
var String3=String1+String2;
document.write(“<br>String1 : “+Strlngl);
document.write(“<br>String2 : “+String2);
document.write/”<br> <br>Concatenated String
of String! and String2 : “+String3);
</script>
</Body>
</Html>

OUTPUT:

Question 4.
Write about <script> tag.
Answer:
JavaScript can be implemented using <script>… </script> tags. The <script> tag containing JavaScript can be placed anywhere within in the web page, but it is normally recommended that should be kept it within the <head> tags. The <script> tag alerts the browser program to start interpreting all the text between these tags as a script commands.

The syntax of JavaScript segment in Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) or Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language (DHTML) is as follows:
<script language=”javascript” type=”text/
javascript”>
JavaScript code
</script>

The <SCRIPT> tag takes two important attributes:

1. Language – This attribute specifies the scripting language. Typically, its value will be javascript.
2. Although recent versions of HTML (Extensible HyperText Markup Language – XHTML, its successor) have phased out the use of this attribute is optional.
3. Type – This attribute is used to indicate the scripting language and its value should be set to “text/javascript”

Question 5.
What are the uses of Logical Operators?
Answer:
Logical Operators:
Logical operators perform logical (boolean) operations. Logical operators combine or invert boolean values. Once comparisons are made, the logical operators && (AND), 11 (OR) and ! (NOT) can be used to create more complex conditions.

Logical or Boolean operators:

Usage :
The rules are as follows:

• For && (AND) the result is false if the first operand is false; otherwise, the result is the Boolean value of the second operand.
• For i | (OR) the result is true if the first operand is true; otherwise, the result is the Boolean value of the second operand.
• For I (NOT) the result is true if the operand is false; otherwise, the result is true.

HTML CODE Using Logical Operators:
<Html>
<Head>
<Title>Demo Program – To test Logical Operators in JavaScript. </Title>
</Head>
<Body>
<script language=”javascript” type=”text/
javascript”>
var valuel = 522, value2=10;
document.write(“<br>Datal ; “+valuel);
document.write(“<br>Data2 ; “+value2);
var res1=((valuel>100) && (vaiuel>601));
var res2=((valuel>100) || (valuel>601));
var res3=(!(valuel!=va!ue2));
document.write(“< br> < br>Whether Data 1 > 100
AND Data 1>601 : “+res1);
document.write(”<brxbr>Whether Datal>600 OR Data 1>601 : “+res2);
document.write(“<br>Whether IDatal != Data2 : “+res3);
</script>
</Body>
</Html>

Output:

Question 6.
Difference between the increment and Decrement operator.
Answer:
Increment and Decrement Operators:
The ++ operator increments its single operand. The operator converts its operand to a number, adds 1 to that number, and assigns the incremented value back into the variable. The return value of the ++ operator depends on its position relative to the operand.

When ++ is used before the operand, where it is known as the pre-increment operator, it increments the operand and evaluates to the incremented value of that operand. When used after the operand, where it is known as the post-increment operator, it increments its operand but evaluates to the un-incremented value of that operand.

Consider the difference between these two lines of code:
var m = 1, n = ++m; // m and n are both 2
var m = 1, n = m++; // m is 2, n is 1
The — operator decrements its single operand. It converts the value of the operand to a number. subtracts 1, and assigns the decremented value back to the operand. Like the ++ operator, the return value of — depends on its position relative to the operand. When used before the operand, it decrements and returns the decremented value. When used after the operand, it decrements the operand but returns the undecremented value.
var m = 2, n = –m; // m and n are both 1
var m = 2, n = m–; // n is 2, n is 1

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Explain about the popup dialog boxes in JavaScript.
Answer:
JavaScript:
JavaScript supports three important types of dialog boxes. Dialog boxes are also called as Popup Boxes, These dialog boxes can be used to raise an alert, or to get confirmation on any input or to have a kind of input from the users. JavaScript supports three kind of popup boxes: Alert box, Confirm box, and Prompt box.

Alert Dialog Box:
An alert dialog box is mostly used to give a warning message to the users. For example, if one input field requires to enter some text but the user does not provide any input, then as a part of validation, you can use an alert box to give a warning message. Alert box gives only one button “OK” to select and proceed.

The syntax of alert box is:
Alert (“Message”);
(or) Window.alert (“Message”);

Example:
alert (“Name is compulsory entry”);
(or) window.alert (“Name is compulsory entry”);

Alert Dialog Box Code:
<Html>
<Head>
<Title>Demo Program – To test Alert Dialog Box in JavaScript </Title>
</Head>
<Body>
<script ianguage=”javascript” type=”text/
javascript”>
var value1 = 522, value2=10;
window.alert(“Data1 : “+value1);
alert(“Data1 :”+value2);
</script>
</Body>
</Html>

Output:

Confirm Dialog Box:
A confirmation dialog box is mostly used to take user’s consent on any option. It displays a dialog box with two buttons: OK and Cancel. If the user dicks on the OK button, the confirm() will return true. If the user clicks on the Cancel button, then confirm() returns false.

The syntax of confirm dialog box is:
confirm (“message”); (or) window,confirm (“message”);

Example:
confirm (“Hai Do you want to continue:”);
(or)
window.confirm (“Hai Do you want to continue:”);

Confirm Dialog Box Code:

Output:

Prompt Dialog Box:
The prompt dialog box is very useful when the user want to pop-up a text box to get user input. Thus, it enables you to interact with the user. The user needs to fill in the text box field and then click OK.

The prompt dialog box is displayed using a method called prompt() which takes two parameters:

a label which you want to display in the text box and
a default string to display in the text box.

This dialog box has two buttons: OK and Cancel. If the user clicks the OK button, the prompt() will return the entered value from the text box. If the user clicks the Cancel button, the prompt() returns null.

The Syntax of prompt dialog box is: Prompt(“Message”,”defaultValue”);
(or)
window.promptC’sometext””defaultText”);

Example:
prompt (“Enter Your Name:”,”Name”);
(or)
window.prompt (“Enter Your Name:”,”Name”);

Prompt Dialog Box Code:

OUTPUT:

Question 2.
Explain about the Arithmetic operator with suitable example.
Answer:
Arithmetic Operators:
JavaScript supports all the basic arithmetic operators like addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modulus (%, also known as the remainder operator).

Arithmetic Operators:

HTML CODE Using Arithmetic Operators:

Output:

11th Computer Applications Guide Introduction to Javascript Additional Important Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
Java script introduced by _________.
a) Netscape
b) Sun Inc.
c) Netscape and Sun Inc.
d) Borland International
Answer:
c) Netscape and Sun Inc.

Question 2.
Java script introduced on _______.
a) December 6, 1995
b) December 5, 1995
c) December 4, 1995
d) December 4, 1985
Answer:
c) December 4, 1995

Question 3.
________ provides a common- scripting language for Web developers to design, test and deploy Internet Applications.
a) Java
b) Java Script
c) C++ V
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Java Script

Question 4.
Java script is used to develop _______.
a) Interactive Web Pages
b) Dynamic Web Pages
c) Static Web Pages
d) Either A or B
Answer:
d) Either A or B

Question 5.
_______ saves server traffic, which means less load on your server.
a) Simple Web Pages
b) Dynamic Web Pages
c) Static Web Pages
d) Either A or B
Answer:
b) Dynamic Web Pages

Question 6.
JavaScript includes ________ item to give a rich Interface to website visitors.
a) Textboxes / Buttons
b) Drag-and-drop components
c) Sliders
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 7.
JavaScript can be implemented using _______tag.
a) <script>
b) <Jscript>
c) <JS>
d) None of these
Answer:
a) <script>

Question 8.
The <script> tag containing JavaScript can be placed _______ in the web page.
a) any where
b) <Head> section alone
c) <body> section alone
d) None of these
Answer:
a) any where

Question 9.
It Is normally recommended that <script> tag should be kt it within the ______ tags.
a) any
b) <Head>
c) <body>
d) None of these
Answer:
b) <Head>

Question 10.
DHTML expanded as ______.
a) Dynamic Hyper Text Machine Language
b) Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language
c) Dynamic Heavy Text Markup Language
d) Direct Hyper Text Markup Language
Answer:
b) Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language

Question 11.
The <SCRIPT> tag takes ______ important attributes.
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five
Answer:
a) two

Question 12.
______ is the <SCRIPT> tag attribute.
a) Language
b) Type
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B

Question 13.
______ attribute of <Script> tag specifies that the scripting language.
a) Language
b) Type
C) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Language

Question 14.
_______ attribute of <Script> Is used to indicate the scripting language and its value should be set to ‘text/javascript’.
a) Language
b) Type
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Type

Question 15.
_______ Is the set of elementary rules that specifies how to write programs in that language.
a) Lexical structure
b) Logical structure
c) Procedural structure
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Lexical structure

Question 16.
______ Is the lowest-level syntax of a language.
a) Lexical structure
b) Logical structure
c) Procedural structure
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Lexical structure

Question 17.
The _______ specifies venable names, the delimiter characters for comments, and how one program statement ¡s separated from the next.
a) Lexical structure
b) Logical structure
c) Procedural structure
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Lexical structure

Question 18.
JavaScript Is a ______ language.
a) Non- case-sensitive
b) Case-sensitive
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Case-sensitive

Question 19.
JavaScript ignores spaces that appear between ______ in programs.
a) Identifiers / Operators
b) Punctuator Constants
c) Keywords
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 20.
JavaSaipt supports ________ styles of comments.
a) three
b) three
c) two
d) five
Answer:
c) two

Question 21.
_______ Is a single line comment In Javascript.
a) //
b)\\
c) / * */
d) None of these
Answer:
a) //

Question 22.
_______ is a multi line comment In Javascript.
a) //
b) \\
c) /* */
d) None of these
Answer:
c) /* */

Question 23.
JavaScript uses the _______ to separate statements.
a) Semicolon(;)
b) Colon( : )
c) comma (,)
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Semicolon(;)

Question 24.
Many JavaScript programmers use to explicitly mark the ends of statements.
a) SemIcolon (;)
b) Colon (:)
C) comma(,)
d) None of these
Answer:
a) SemIcolon (;)

Question 25.
A _______ is a data value for variable that appears directly in a program.
a) Keyword
b) Operator
c) Literal
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Literal

Question 26.
In JavaScript, identifiers are used to _______.
a) Name variables
b) Name functions
c) Provide labels for certain loops
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 27.
In JavaScript ________ cannot be used as identifiers in the programs.
a) Keywords
b) Small letters
c) Capital letters
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Keywords

Question 28.
________ is a memory location where value can be stored.
a) Keyword
b) Operator
c) Literal
d) Variable
Answer:
d) Variable

Question 29.
________ is a symbolic name for a value.
a) Keyword
b) Operator
c) Literal
d) Variable
Answer:
d) Variable

Question 30.
Variables are declared with the _________ keyword in JavaScript.
a) declare
b) var
c) jsvar
d) None of these
Answer:
b) var

Question 31.
Every variable has a name, called __________.
a) Keyword
b) Idetifier
c) Literal
d) Variable
Answer:
b) Idetifier

Question 32.
The basic data types in JavaScript is __________
a) Strings
b) Numbers
c) Booleans
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 33.
A ________is a list of characters, and a string literal is indicated by enclosing the characters in single or double quotes.
a) Strings
b) Numbers
c) Booleans
d) All the above
Answer:
a) Strings

Question 34.
_________ can be integer or floating-point numerical value and numeric literals are specified in the natural way.
a) Strings
b) Numbers
c) Booleans
d) All the above
Answer:
b) Numbers

Question 35.
__________ can be any one of two values: true or false.
a) Strings
b) Numbers
c) Booleans
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Booleans

Question 36.
________ keyword allocates storage space for new data.
a) declare
b) var
c) jsvar
d) allocate
Answer:
b) var

Question 37.
__________ keyword indicates to the interpreter that a new identifier is in use.
a) declare
b) var
c) jsvar
d) allocate
Answer:
b) var

Question 38.
In Javascript, the first character of a variable name must be a(n) __________.
a) Letter
b) underscore
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B

Question39.
Identify the false statement from the following regarding variable name.
a) JavaScript variable names are case sensitive.
b) There is no limit to the length of the variable name.
c) JavaScript’s reserved words can be used as a variable name.
d) Number cannot be as the first character.
Answer:
c) JavaScript’s reserved words can be used as a variable name.

Question 40.
The ________ of a variable of source code in which it is defined,
a) Scope
b) Validity
c) Position
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Scope

Question 41.
In Javascript, _______scope is possible for a variable.
a) Local
b) Global
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B

Question 42.
________ scope variable can be defined everywhere in the JavaScript code.
a) Local
b) Global
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Global

Question 43.
Variables declared within a function have _________ scope in JavaScript code.
a) Local
b) Global
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Local

Question 44
Identify the false statement from the following regarding variable declaration.
a) In JavaScript there is no need to indicate data type during variable declaration.
b) JavaScript variables are untyped.
c) JavaScript variables are dynamically datatyped.
d) In JavaScript, no need to declare a variable.
Answer:
d) In JavaScript, no need to declare a variable.

Question 45.
A ________ is a fixed value given to a variable in source code.
a) Identifier
b) Literal
c) Keyword
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Literal

Question 46.
Type conversion is the act of converting one data type into a different data type which is also called as ________.
a) Casting
b) Compilation
c) Linking
d) Sampling
Answer:
a) Casting

Question 47.
In JavaScript there are _________ type of casting.
a) three
b) four
c) two
d) only one
Answer:
c) two

Question 48.
In JavaScript-__________ is a type of casting.
a) Implicit
b) Explicit
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Implicit

Question 49.
___________ casting occurs automatically in JavaScript when you change the data stored in a variable.
a) Implicit
b) Explicit
c) Both A and
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Implicit

Question 50.
Operators are used for JavaScript’s ________ expressions.
a) Arithmetic
b) Comparison
c) Logical/Assignment
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What is variable in JavaScript code?
Answer:
Variable is a memory location where value can be stored. Variable is a symbolic name for a value. Variables are declared with the var keyword in JavaScript. Every variable has a name, called identifier.

Example:
var n1 = 522; Here n1 is a variable. 522 is a value stored on it.

Question 2.
What is liteal in JavaScript language.
Answer:
Java Script Literals:
A literal is a fixed value given to a variable in source code. Literals are often used to initialize variables. Values may be Integer, Floating point, Character, String and Boolean.

Example:
var int_const=250; //Integer constant/’/
var float_const=250.85; //Floating point constant//
var char_const=’A’; //Character constant//
var string_const=”Raman”; //String constant//
var boolean_const=true; //Boolean constant//

Question 3.
Give the syntax of write( ) statement with an example.
Answer:
write statement general syntax: document write (’”string ” + var);

Example:
document.write (“The Sum of Data1 and Data2 : “+sum);

Question 4.
Write note on assignment operator.
Answer:
Assignment Operator:
In JavaScript, = is an assignment operator, which is used to assign a value to a variable. Often this operator is used to set a variable to a literal value.

Example:
var number1=10; var number2=numberl; var name=”Computer Science”; var booleanvar=true;

Question 5.
What is the use of type of operator?
Answer:
type of Operator:
The type of operator is used to get the data type (returns a string) of its operand. The operand can be either a literal or a data structure such as a variable, a function, or an object. The operator returns the data type.

Syntax:
type of operand or
type of(operand)

type of returns: boolean, function, number, string, and undefined. The following table summarizes possible values returned by the type of operator.

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
What are the rules for naming a variable?
Answer:
a) The first character must be a letter or an underscore (_). Number cannot be as the first character.

b) The rest of the variable name can include any letter, any number, or the underscore, we can’t use any other characters, including spaces, symbols, and punctuation marks.

c) JavaScript variable names are case sensitive. That is, a variable named Register Number is treated as an entirely different variable then one named register number.

d) There is no limit to the length of the variable name.

e) JavaScript’s reserved words cannot be used as a variable name. All programming languages have a supply of words that are used internally by the language and that cannot be used for variable names.

Question 2.
Write note on expression.
Answer:
An expression is simply one or more variables and/or constants joined by operators. An expression is evaluated and produces a result.
The result of all expressions may be either an integer or floating-point value or Boolean value. There are three types of expressions as follows:

1. Arithmetic expressions
2. Relational expressions
3. Logical expressions

Question 3.
Tabulate the shorthand arithmetic operators with example.
Answer:
Shorthand Arithmetic operators:

Question 4.
What are the relational or comparison operators used in JavaScript? Explain.
Answer:
Relational or Comparison Operators:
Relational operators are also called as Comparison operators, they compares two values and the result is true or false. JavaScript provides a rich set of relational operators including == (equal to), != (not equal to), < (less than), > (greater than), <= (less than or equal to), and >= (greater than or equal to). Using a relational operator in an expression causes the expression to evaluate as true if the condition holds or false if otherwise.

Relational or Comparison Operators:

HTML Code:

Output:

Question 5.
What is conditional operator or ternary operator? Explain?
Answer:
Conditional Operator (?:)
The ?: is the conditional operator in JavaScript, which requires three operands, hence it is called the ternary operator.
The syntax is
var variablename=(condition) ? value1 : value2;
In the syntax condition may be relational expression or logical expression. First condition will be evaluated, if the condition returns true then the value of the left side of the colon is assigned to the variable otherwise the value of the right side of the colon will be assigned the variable. For example,
var result=(10> 15)?100 :150;
In the above example, since the condition returns false the value 150 will be assigned to result.

HTML Code:

Output:

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Write a HTML code using relational operator to compare two data.
Answer:
HTML CODE:
<Html>
<Head>
<Title>Demo Program – To test Relational(Comparison) Operators in JavaScript </Title>
</Head>
<Body>
<script language=”javascript” type=”text/ javascript”> ,
var value1 = 522, value2=10;
document.write(“<br>Data1 : “+value1);
document.write(“<br>Data2 : “+value2);
document.write(“<br><br>Whether Data1= Data2 : “+(value1==value2));
document.write(“<br>Whether Data1< Data2 : “+(value1<value2));
document.write(“<br>Whether Data1> Data2 : “+(value1>value2));
document.write(“<br>Whether Data1<= Data2 : “+(value1<=value2));
document.write(“<br>Whether Data1>= Data2 : “+(value1>=value2));
document.write(“<br>Whether Data1!= Data2 : “+(value1!=value2));
</script>
</Body>
</Html>

OUTPUT:

Question 2.
Write a HTML code using to test logical operators.
Answer:
HTML CODE:
<Head>
<Title>Demo Program – To test Logical Operators in JavaScript </Title>
</Head>
<Body>
<script language^ “javascript” type=”text/javascript”>
var value1 = 522, vaiue2=10;
document.write(“<br>Data1: “+value1);
document.write(“<br>Data2 : “+value2);
var res1=((value1>100) && (value1>601));
var res2=((value1>100) || (value1>601));
var res3=(!(value1! =value2));
document.write(“<brxbr>Whether Data1>100 AND Data1>601 : “+res1);
document.write(“<brxbr>Whether Data1>600 OR Data1>601 : “+res2);
document.write(“<br>Whether IData1!= Data2 ; “+res3);
</script>
</Body>
</Html>

Output:

interested and these activities bring him profit, money, prestige and power. </p> <p> In economic sense, the term business means works, efforts and acts of people, which are connected with the production of wealth and activities, which are directed with the object of making profit.</p> <p> Production and distribution of goods to consumers for a profit constitute business. </p>

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 8th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 5 Geometry Ex 5.1 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Geometry Ex 5.1

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with the correct term from the given list.
(in proportion, similar, corresponding, congruent, shape, area, equal)
(i) Corresponding sides of similar triangles are _________ .
Answer:
in proportion

(ii) Similar triangles have the same ________ but not necessarily the same size.
Answer:
Shape

(iii) In any triangle _______ sides are opposite to equal angles.
Answer:
equal

(iv) The symbol is used to represent _________ triangles.
Answer:
congruent

(v) The symbol ~ is used to represent _________ triangles.
Answer:
similar

Question 2.
In the figure, ∠CIP ≡ ∠COP and ∠HIP ≡ ∠HOP. Prove that IP ≡ OP.

Answer:

Statements	Reasons
1. CI = CO	∵ CIP ≡ COP, by CPCTC
2. IP =  OP	By CPCTC
3. CP = CP	By CPCTC
4. Also HI = HO	CPCTC ∆HIP ≡ HOP given
5. IP = OP	By CPCTC and (4)
6. ∴ IP ≡ OP	By (2) and (4)

Question 3.
In the given figure, AC ≡ AD and ∠CBD ≡ ∠DEC. Prove that ∆ BCF ≡ ∆ EDF.

Answer:

Statements	Reasons
1. ∠BCF = ∠EFD	Vertically opposite angles
2. ∠CBD = ∠DEC	Angles on the same base given
3. ∠BCF = ∠EDF	Remaining angles of ∆BCF and ∆EDF
4. ∆BCF ≡ ∆EDF	By (1) and (2) AAA criteria

Question 4.
In the given figure, △ BCD is isosceles with base BD and ∠BAE ≡∠DEA. Prove that AB ≡ ED.

Answer:

Statements	Reasons
1. ∠BAE ≡ ∠DEA	Given
2. AC = EC	By (1) sides opposite to equal angles are equal
3. BC = DC	Given BCD is isosceles with base BD
4. AC – BC = EC – DC	2 – 3
5. AB ≡ ED	By 4

Midpoint Calculator is a free online tool that displays the midpoint of the line segment.

Question 5.
In the given figure, D is the midpoint of OE and ∠CDE = 90°. Prove that △ODC ≡ △EDC

Answer:

Statements	Reasons
1. OD = ED	D is the midpoint OE (given)
2. DC = DC	Common side
3. ∠CDE = ∠CDO = 90°	Linear pair and given ∠CDE = 90°
4. △ODC ≡ △EDC	By RHS criteria

Question 6.
Is △PRQ ≡ △QSP? Why?

Answer:
In △PRQ and △PSQ
∠PRQ = ∠PSQ = 90° given
PR = QS = 3 cm given
PQ = PQ = 5 cm common
It satisfies RHS criteria
∴ △PRQ congruent to △QSP.

Question 7.
From the given figure, prove that △ABC ~ △EDF

Answer:
From the △ABC, AB = AC
It is an isosceles triangle
Angles opposite to equal sides are equal
∴ ∠B = ∠C = 65°
∴ ∠B + ∠C = 65° + 65°
= 130°
We know that sum of three angles is a triangle = 180°
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°
∠A + 130° = 180°
∠A = 180° – 130°
∠A = 50°
From △EDF, ∠E = 50°
∴ Sum of Remaining angles = 180° – 50° = 130°
DE = FD
∴ ∠D = ∠F
From △ABC and △EDF ∴ △D = \(\frac{130}{2}\) = 65°
∠A = ∠E = 50°
∠B = ∠D = 65°
∠C = ∠F = 65°
∴ By AAA criteria △EDF ~ △ABC

Question 8.
In the given figure YH || TE. Prove that △WHY ~ △WET and also find HE and TE.

Answer:

Statements	Reasons
1. ∠EWT = ∠HWY	Common angle
2.  ∠ETW = ∠HYW	Since YH || TE, corresponding angles
3. ∠WET = ∠WHY	Since YH || TE corresponding angles
4. △WHY ~ △WET	By AAA criteria

Also △ WHY ~ △WET
∴ Corresponding sides are proportionated

⇒ 6+HE = \(\frac{6}{4}\) × 16
⇒ 6 + HE = 24
∴ HE = 24 – 6
HE = 18
Again \(\frac{4}{\mathrm{ET}}=\frac{4}{16}\)
ET = \(\frac{4}{4}\)
ET = 16

Question 9.
In the given figure, if △EAT ~ △BUN, find the measure of all angles.

Answer:
Given △EAT ≡ △BUN
∴ Corresponding angles are equal
∴ ∠E = ∠B …… (1)
∠A = ∠U …… (2)
∠T = ∠N ……. (3)
∠E = x°
∠A = 2x°
Sum of three angles of a triangle = 180°
In △ EAT, x + 2x + ∠T = 180°
∠T = 180° – (x° + 2x°)
∠T = 180° – 3x°
Also in △BUN
(x + 40)° + x° + ∠U = 180°
x + 40° + x + ∠U = 180°
2x° + 40° + ∠U = 180°
∠U = 180° – 2x – 40° = 140° – 2x°
Now by (2)
∠A = ∠U
2x = 140° – 2x°
2x + 2x = 140°
4x = 140°
x = \(\frac{140}{4}\) = 35°
∠A = 2x° = 2 × 35° = 70°
∠N = x + 40° = 35° + 40° = 75°
∴ ∠T = ∠N = 75°
∠E = ∠8 = 35°
∠A = ∠U = 70°

Question 10.
In the given figure, UB || AT and CU ≡ CB Prove that △CUB ~ △CAT and hence △CAT is isosceles.

Answer:

Statements	Reasons
1. ∠CUB = ∠CBU	∵ In △CUB, CU = CB
2. ∠CUB = ∠CAB	∵ UB || AT, Corresponding angle if CA is the transversal.
3. ∠CBU = ∠CTA	CT is transversal UB || AT, Corresponding angle commom angle.
4. ∠UCB = ∠ACT	Common angle
5. △CUB ~ △CAT	By AAA criteria
6. CA = CT	∵ ∠CAT = ∠CTA
7. Also △CAT  is isoceles	By 1, 2 and 3 and sides opposite to equal angles are equal.

Objective Type Questions

Question 11.
Two similar triangles will always have _______ angles
(A) acute
(B) obtuse
(C) right
(D) matching
Answer:
(D) matching

Question 12.
If in triangles PQR and XYZ, \(\frac{\mathrm{PQ}}{\mathrm{XY}}=\frac{\mathrm{QR}}{\mathrm{ZX}}\) then they will be similar if
(A) ∠Q = ∠Y
(B) ∠P = ∠X
(C) ∠Q = ∠X
(D) ∠P ≡∠Z
Ans:
(C) ∠Q = ∠X

Question 13.
A flag pole 15 m high casts a shadow of 3m at 10 a.m. The shadow cast by a building at the same time is 18.6m. The height of the building is
(A) 90 m
(B) 91 m
(C) 92 m
(D) 93 m
Answer:
(D) 93 m

Question 14.
If ∆ABC – ∆PQR in which ∠A = 53° and ∠Q = 77°, then ∠R is
(A) 50°
(B) 60°
(C) 70°
(D) 80°
Answer:
(A) 50°

Question 15.
In the figure, which of the following statements is true?

(A) AB = BD
(B) BD < CD
(C) AC = CD
(D) BC = CD
Answer:
(C) AC = CD

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Guide Pdf Civics Chapter 4 Forms of Government Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Important Questions, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 4 Forms of Government

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Forms of Government Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks

1. _________, __________ are a few examples for unitary form of government.
2. The parliamentary government is also known as __________
3. In the parliamentary fonn of government __________is the leader of the majority party.

Answer:

1. England, France
2. Cabinet government
3. Prime Minister

II. Fill in the blanks

Question 1.

S.No	Country	Name of the parliament
1.	USA	…………………………..
2.	Norway	…………………………..
3.	……………………………	Folketing

Answer:

S.No	Country	Name of the parliament
1.	USA	Congress
2.	Norway	Storting
3.	Denmark	Folketing

III. Distinguish Between

The KTM full form is Kraftfahrzeuge Trunkenpolz Mattighofen, and KTM full form in English translation is ‘motor vehicle’.

Question 1.
Unitary and federal forms of government. Ans
Answer:
Unitary form of government:

1. Only one level of government or sub units
2. Subunits cannot operate independently
3. E.g. England, France, Japan, Srilanka

Federal form of government:

1. Two levels of government
2. Federal units are answerable to central government
3. E.g.U.S, Australia, Canada.

Question 2.
Parliamentary and presidential forms of government.
Answer:
Parliamentary form of government:

1. Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party.
2. Central Legislature is supreme E.g.Canada, India, Japan

Presidential form of government:

1. President is directly selected by the people.
2. President is supreme E.g. Rassia, Brazil, U.S.A

IV. Give a short note on

Question 1.
Unitary form of government
Answer:
A unitary system of government or unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity. The central government is supreme and the administrative divisions exercise only powers that the central government has delegated to them. England, France, Japan and Sri Lanka are examples of the Unitary Form of government. In a Unitary form of government, all the authority and power is vested in a single-center, whereas in a federal form of government authority and power is distributed between the center and the constituent units. Even in a Unitary form of Government, there might be a lot of decentralization of authority, but we cannot claim it as a federal system.

V. Answer the following

Question 1.
List out the types of constitution.
Answer:
Types of Constitution

Question 2.
What are the merits of a federal government?
Answer:
The merits of the federal government are

1. Reconciliation of local autonomy with national unity.
2. Division power between centre and states leads to administrative efficiency.
3. It gives rise to big states.
4. Distribution powers check the despotism of central government.
5. More suitable for bigger countries
6. It is good for economic and cultural progress.

Question 3.
Write down the differences between the unitary form of government and the federal form of government.
Answer:
Unitary form of government:

1. Only one Level of Government or subunits
2. Mostly Single Citizenship
3. Sub Units cannot operate Independently
4. No Division of Power
5. Centralization of Power

The federal form of government:

1. Two Levels of Government
2. Dual Citizenship
3. Federal Units are answerable to Central Government
4. Division of Power
5. Decentralization of Power

VI. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Write about the merits of a unitary form of government
Answer:
Merits of a unitary form of government

• Suitable for small countries.
• There is no conflict between authority and responsibility.
• A unitary government will make prompt decisions and take speedy action.
• A unitary government is less expensive.
• Amendments to the constitution are easy.
• There is unity, uniformity of law, policy, and administration.

Question 2.
Write about the presidential form of government and what is the difference between presidential and parliamentary forms of government.
Answer:
Presidential form of government:

1. The American President is both the head of the state and the head of government. As the head of state, he occupies a ceremonial position.
2. The president is elected by an electoral college for a fixed tenure of four years.
3. He governs with the help of a cabinet or a smaller body called ‘Kitchen Cabinet’. It is only an advisory body.
4. The President and his secretaries are not responsible to Congress for their acts.
5. The legislative, executive and judicial powers of the government are separated.
6. It is also known as the non-responsible or non-parliamentary or fixed executive system of government.

Difference between Presidential and Parliamentary form of government Presidential Form of Government:

1. President is directly elected by the people.
2. President is supreme
3. Separation of Powers
4. Independent branches
5. President-head of the Government
6. Separation of Powers
7. Independent branches
8. Individual Leadership
9. President is not accountable to Congress

Parliamentary form of Government:

1. Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party.
2. Central Legislature is supreme
3. Absence of Separation Powers Centralisatiion
4. Independent branches with Overlapping functions
5. Prime Minister-head of the Government
6. Centralisation
7. Independent branches with Overlapping functions
8. Collective leadership
9. Collective and Individual Responsibility.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Forms of Government Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks.

1. The government in the main ______ of the state.
2. There are ______ organs in a Government.
3. Sri Lanka is an example of ______ form of government.
4. Unitary form of government suitable ______ for Countres.
5. U.S. represents form, ______ of government.
6. The constitution is the ______ of the land.
7. The Name of the Parliament in Israel in ______
8. In India we have ______ form government.
9. Brazil has ______ form of governments.
10.  In Bhutan king Jigme is a ______ monarch.
11. The Gross National Happiness (GNH) was first mentioned in the constitution of ______
12. The term GNH was coined by ______

Answer:

1. Agency
2. Three
3. unitary
4. small
5. Federal
6. Supreme law
7. Knesset
8. Parliamentary
9. Presidential
10. Constitutional
11. Bhutan
12. Jigme Singye Wangchuck – King of Bhutan

II. Fill in the blanks

Question 1.

S.No	Country	Name of the Parliment
1.	Israel	…………………………
2.	Germany	…………………………

Answer:

S.No	Country	Name of the Parliment
1.	Israel	…………………………
2.	Germany	…………………………

III. Distinguish Between

Question 1.
Dictatorship and Monarality
Dictatorship

1. Dictatorship is an office that has been taken through force.
2. A Dictatorship is termed as a government rule by one person or commands who is know as the Dictator. E.g. Uganda, Zimbawe

Monarchy

1. Monarchy is resigned that passed from one generation to another.
2. Monarchy is the rule of the king or green as an emperor. E.g. Britain, Australia.

Question 2.
Democracy and Communism
Answer:
Democracy:

1. Democracy is based on the principle of equality and Freedom.
2. Private ownership is allowed citizens; have certain legislature and freedom which are protected by the constitution, E.g. India.

Communism:

1. Communism is based on common ownership mainly concerned with equality and fairness.
2. Here the government has complete control over the production and distribution of goods and all the resources shared equally in the society. E.g. China, North Korea.

IV. Give a short note on

Question 1.
Historic Transition in Bhutan.
Answer:

1. The fourth king of Bhutan Jigme Singye Wangchuck travelled to all the 20 districts of the tiny kingdom.
2. The purpose of the travel is to explain the importance of the historic transition to the people of Bhutan.
3. The transition from the hereditary monarchy to the Parliamentary Democracy.
4. In 2006 the king abdicated the throne 34 years after ascending it. Now Bhutan is a Parliamentary Democracy and King Jigme a constitutional monarch.

Question 2.
What are the characteristics of good governance?
Answer:
Characteristics of Good governance

1. Participation
2. Rule of Law
3. Transparency
4. Responsiveness
5. Consensus Orientation
6. Equity
7. Effectiveness And Efficiency
8. Accountability

V. Answer the following

Question 1.
What are the demerits of federal form government?
Answer:
De-merits of the federal form of government are,

1. Federal government is weaker when compared to the unitary government.
2. Federal government is more expensive.
3. Provincial tendencies are very common
4. Lack of uniformity in Administration
5. Threat to national unity
6. Distribution powers between centre and states lead to conflict
7. Double Citizenship
8. Rigid constitution cannot be amended easily for the changing needs.
9. The state governments sometimes place hindrances in foreign policy.

Question 2.
Mention about the Unitary features of Indian constitution
Answer:
Unitary features of Indian constitution are

1. Strong Centre
2. Central Government’s control over state territory
3. Single Constitution
4. The flexibility of the Constitution
5. Unequal representation of states
6. Emergency Provisions
7. Single citizenship
8. Single Integrated Judiciary
9. All India Services
10. Appointment of Governor by the central government.

Question 3.
What are the Federal features of the Indian constitution?
Answer:
Federal features of the Indian constitution are

1. Dual Government
2. Written constitution
3. Division of Powers
4. The supremacy of the Constitution
5. the constitution is the supreme law of the land.
6. The laws enacted by the Centre and the states must conform to its provisions.
7. Rigid Constitution
8. Independent Judiciary
9. Bicameralism

Question 4.
Write about the demerits of a unitary form of government
Answer:
De-merits of a unitary form of government

1. It is not suitable for big countries.
2. The central government will have to tackle so many complex problems that lead to administrative delays.
3. The central government will not concentrate on local problems, local interest and initiative.
4. The concentration of powers .may pave way for the despotism of the central government.

VI. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Write note the Parliamentary form of Government
Answer:
Parliamentary form of Government:

1. The parliamentary system of government is the one in which the executive is responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts.
2. It is also known as cabinet government or responsible government or Westminister model of government and is prevalent in Britain, Japan, Canada, India among others.

Features of Parliamentary form of government:

1. Nominal and Real Executives.
2. Majority Party Rule
3. Collective Responsibility
4. Double Membership
5. The leadership of the Prime Minister

Merits of the parliamentary form of government:

1. Harmony between Legislature and Executive.
2. Responsible Government
3. Prevents Dictatorship.
4. Wide Representation.

Demerits of the parliamentary form of government:

1. Unstable Government.
2. No Continuity of Policies.
3. The dictatorship of the Cabinet.
4. Against Separation of Powers.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Guide Pdf Chapter 1 Measurement Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 1 Measurement

9th Science Guide Measurement Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Choose the correct one.
(a) mm < cm < m < km
(b) mm > cm > m > km
(c) km < m < cm < mm
d) mm > m > cm > km
Answer :
(a) mm < cm < m < km

Question 2.
Rulers, measuring tapes and metre scales are used to measure
(a) mass
(b) weight
(c) time
(d) length
Answer:
(d) length

Question 3.
1 metric ton is equal to
(a) 100 quintals
(b) 10 quintals
(c) 1/10 quintals
(d) 1/100 quintals
Answer :
(b) 10 quintals

Question 4.
Which among the following is not a device to measure mass?
(a) Spring balance
(b) Beam balance
(c) Physical balance
(d) Digital balance
Answer :
(a) Spring balance

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. Metre is the unit of …………..
Answer :
length

2. 1 kg of rice is weighed by ……………
Answer :
beam balance

3. Thickness of a cricket ball is measured by ……………..
Answer :
vernier caliper

4. Radius of a thin wire is measured by …………………
Answer :
screw gauge

5. A physical balance measures small differences in mass up to ……………….
Answer :
1mg or less

III. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement :

1. The SI unit of electric current is kilogram.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: The SI unit of electric current is ampere.

2. Kilometre is one of the SI units of measurement.
Answer:
True.

3. In everyday life, we use the term weight instead of mass.
Answer:
True.

4. A physical balance is more sensitive than a beam balance.
Answer:
True.

5. One Celsius degree is an interval of IK and zero degree Celsius is 273.15 K.
Answer:
True.

6 . With the help of vernier caliper we can have an accuracy of 0.1 mm and with screw gauge we can have an accuracy of 0.01 mm.
Answer:
True.

IV. Match the following:

Question 1.

Column I	Column II
Length	kelvin
Mass	metre
Time	kilogram
Temperature	second

Answer:

Column I	Column II
Length	metre
Mass	kilogram
Time	second
Temperature	kelvin

Question 2.

Column I	Column II
Screw gauge	Vegetables
Vernier caliper	Coins
Beam balance	Gold ornaments
Digital balance	Cricket ball

Answer:

Column I	Column II
Screw gauge	Coins
Vernier caliper	Cricket ball
Beam balance	Vegetables
Digital balance	Gold ornaments

V. Assertion and reason type :

Mark the correct answer as :
(a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct reason.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : The scientifically correct expression is “The mass of the bag is 10 kg”
Reason (R) : In everyday life, we use the term weight instead of mass.
Answer :
(a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct reason

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : 0° C = 273.16 K. For our convenience we take it as 273K after rounding off the decimal.
Reason (R) : To convert a temperature on the Celsius scale we have to add 273 to the given temperature.
Answer :
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason

Question 3.
Assertion (A) : Distance between two celestial bodies is measured in terms of light year.
Reason (R) : The distance travelled by the light in one year is one light year.
Answer:
(d) A is false but R is true
Distance between two celestial bodies is measured in terms of unit.

VI. Answer very briefly.

Question 1.
Define measurement.
Answer :
Measurement is the process of comparison of the given physical quantity with the known standard quantity of the same nature.

Question 2.
Define a standard unit.
Answer:
Unit is the quantity of a constant magnitude which is used to measure the magnitudes of other quantities of the same nature.

Question 3.
What is the full form of SI system?
Answer:
The full form of S.I. system is the International System of Units.

Question 4.
Define least count of any device.
Answer:
Least count is the least measurement possible in a given device.
It is the distance moved by the tip of the screw for a rotation of one division on the head scale.
Least count = [Pitch / No. of head scale divisions]

Question 5.
What do you know about pitch of screw gauge?
Answer:
Pitch of the screw gauge is the distance between two successive screw threads. It is measured by the ratio of distance travelled on the pitch scale to the number of rotations of the head scale.

Question 6.
Can you find the diameter of a thin wire of length 2 m using the ruler from your instrument box?
Answer:
No, I can not find the diameter of a thin wire of length 2 m using the ruler.

VII. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
Write the rules that are followed in writing the symbols of units in SI system.
Answer:

•  The units named after scientists are not written with a capital initial letter.
  E.g. newton, henry, ampere, and watt.
• The symbols of the units named after scientists should be written by the initial capital letter.
  E.g. N for newton, H for Henry, A for ampere, and W for watt.
• Small letters are used as symbols for units not derived from a proper noun.
  E.g. m for metre, kg for kilogram.
•  No lull stop or other punctuation marks should be used within or at the end of symbols.
  E.g. 50 m and not as 50 m.
•  The symbols of the units are not expressed in plural form.
  E.g. 10 kg not as kgs.

Question 2.
Write the need of a standard unit.
Answer:
A Standard Unit is needed to maintain uniformity in measurements like length, weight, size and distance. Eg: Standard Unit of length is metre.

Question 3.
Differentiate mass and weight.
Answer:
Mass:

1.  Fundamental quantity
2.  Has magnitude alone – scalar quantity
3.  It is the amount of matter contained in a body
4.  Remains the same
5.  It is measured using physical balance
6.  Its unit is kilogram

Weight:

1.  Derived quantity
2.  Has magnitude and direction – vector quantity
3.  It is the normal force exerted by the surface on the object against gravitational pull
4.  Varies from place to place
5.  It is measured using spring balance
6.  Its unit is newton

Question 4.
How will you measure the least count of vernier caliper?
Answer:
The least count of Vernier Caliper is the ratio of the value of one smallest main scale division to total
a number of Vernier scale divisions.
i.e., L.C. = 0.1mm = 0.01cm
(or) L.C. = 1MD – 1VSD = 1.0 mm – 0.9 mm = 0. 1mm = 0.01 cm

VIII. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
Explain a method to find the thickness of a hollow teacup.
Answer:
Step 1 : The Pitch, Least count and the type of zero error of the screw gauge are determined.
Step 2 : The given cup is placed in between two studs.
Step 3 : The head screw using the ratchet arrangement is freely rotated until the given cup is held firmly, but not tightly.
Step 4 : Pitch scale reading (PSR) by the head scale and head scale coincidence (HSC) with the axis of the pitch scale, are found.
Step 5 : The readings are recorded and the experiment for different positions of the given cup is repeated.
Step 6 : The thickness of the cup is calculated using the formula P.S.R + (HSC × L.C)
Step 7 : Then the average of the last column of the table, is found. Hence the thickness of a hollow tea cup = ………….. mm.

Question 2.
How will you find the thickness of a one rupee coin?
Answer:
Step 1 : The Pitch, Least count and the type of zero error of the screw gauge are determined.
Step 2 : The given coin is placed in between two studs.
Step 3 : The head screw using the ratchat arrangement is freely rotated until given one rupee coin is held firmly, but not tightly.
Step 4 : Pitch scale reading (PSR) by the head scale and head scale coincidence (HSC) with are axis of the pitch scale are found.
Step 5 : The reading are recorded and the experiment for different positions of the given coin is repeated.
Step 6 : The thickness of the coin is computed using the formula P.S.R + (HSC x L.C )
Step 7 : Then the average of the last column of the table is found.

mean = …………….. mm
Hence the thickness of a one rupee coin = ……………….. mm

IX. Numerical Problems :

Question 1.
Inian and Ezhilan argue about the light year. Inian tells that it is 9.46 x 10¹⁵m and Ezhilan argues that it is 9.46 x 1012 km. Who is right? Justify your answer.
Answer:
(Inian is correct)
Light travels 3 × 10⁸m in one second or 3 Lakhs kilometre in one second.
In one year we have 365 days.
The total number of second in one year is equal to 365 x 24 x 60 x 60
Distance travelled by light in 1 year = (3.153 x 10⁷) x (3 x 10⁸)
= 9.46 x 10¹⁵m

Question 2.
The main scale reading while measuring the thickness of a rubber ball using Vernier caliper is 7 cm and the Vernier scale coincidence is 6. Find the radius of the ball.
Answer:
MSR = 7 cm
VC = 6cm
LC = 0.1mm = 0.1cm
Diameter = DR = MSR + (VC X LC)
= 7 + 0.06 cm
Diameter D = 7.06 cm
Radius R = \(\frac{D}{2}=\frac{7.06}{2}\) = 0.035 m
The radius of the ball = 0.0353 m.

Question 3.
Find the thickness of a five rupee coin with the screw gauge, if the pitch scale reading is 1 mm and its head scale coincidence is 68.
Answer:
PSR = 1 mm = 1 x 10^-3m
HSC = 68
LC = 0.01 mm =0.01 × 10^-3m
Total reading = PSR + (HSC × LC)
∴Thickness of the five rupee coin = 1 × 10^-3 + (68 × 0.01 × 10^-3 )m
∴ Thickness of the five rupee coin = 1.68 × 10^-3m = 1.68mm

Question 4.
Find the mass of an object weighing 98 N.
Answer:
W = mg
W =98 N
g = 9.8 m/s²
m = \(\frac{\mathrm{W}}{\mathrm{g}}=\frac{98}{9.8}\) = 10 kg

Intext Activities

ACTIVITY – 1

Using Vernier caliper find the outer diameter of your pen cap.

Aim : To find the outer diameter of the pen cap.
Materials required : Vernier caliper, pen cap.
Answer:

Result: The outer diameter of the pen cap = 9.35 cm
[End of the activity]

Class 7 Science MCQ Questions with answers.

ACTIVITY – 2

Determine the thickness of a single sheet of your science textbook with the help of a Screw gauge.

LC = Least Count
PSR = Pitch Scale Reading
HSC = Head Scale Coincidence
HSR = Head Scale Reading
TR = Total Reading
Result : The thickness of the single sheet = 0.30
End of the activity

9th Science Guide Measurement Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Length is ……………….
(a) The amount of matter in an object
(b) The amount of space an object takes up.
(c) The distance between two points.
(d) The amount of stuff in an object
Answer:
(c) The distance between two points

Question 2.
Mass is ………………….
(a) The distance between two points
(b) The distance between three points
(c) The amount of matter contained in an object
(d) The amount of space an object occupies.
Answer:
(c)The amount of matter contained in an object

Question 3.
Unit used to measure length
(a) metre
(b) litre
(c) gram
(d) cubic metre (m³)
Answer:
(a) metre

Question 4.
Unit which is used to measure mass
(a) ml
(b) 1
(c) cm
(d) gram
Answer:
(d) gram

Question 5.
How many metres are there in 1 nanometer?
(a) 10^-10m
(b) 10^-9m
(c) 10⁹m
(d) 10¹⁰m
Answer:
(b) 10^-9m

Question 6.
What unit will you use to measure the length of our classroom?
(a) km
(b) m
(c) cm
(d) mm
Answer :
(b) m

Question 7.
The Kelvin is the basic unit of ………………..
(a) temperature
(b) mass
(c) length
(d) volume
Answer :
(a) temperature

Question 8.
……………….consists of ‘U’ shape metal frame
(a) Screw gauge
(b) Vernier caliper
(c) Beam balance
(d) Spring balance
Answer :
(a) screw gauge

Question 9.
Least count of a vernier caliper is ……………. cm.
(a) 1
(b) 0.1
C) 0.01
(d) 0.001
Answer:
(c) 0.01

Question 10.
If no object is placed on the hook, then the pointer of the spring balance reads ………………….
(a) 3
(b) 2
(c) 1
(d) 0
Answer :
(d) 0

Question 11.
SI unit of mass and weights are ………………….
(a) kg, N
(b) N, kg
(c) K, N
(d) N, K
Answer:
(a) kg, N

Question 12.
Units named after scientists …………………..
(a) lowercase
(b) upper case
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) neither (a) or (b)
Answer:
(a) lower case

Question 13.
An instrument that is used to measure the diameter of a cricket ball is ………………….
(a) Screw gauge
(b) Meter scale
(c) Vernier caliper .
(d) Spring balance
Answer:
(a) Vernier caliper

Question 14.
Distance between Chennai and Kanyakumari can be found in
(a) Kilometres
(b) Metres
(c) Centimetres
(d) Millimetres.
Answer:
(a) Kilometres

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. The precision of vernier calipers is ……………. mm.
Answer:
(a) 0.1mm

2. The gravity accelerates an object, the distance fallen is proportional to …………………
Answer:
time squared

3. SI unit of electric current is ………………
Answer:
ampere

4. Larger unit for measuring time is ………………..
Answer:
millennium

5. The value of an astronomical unit is ……………………
Answer:
1.496 x 10¹¹

6. Mass is a …………….. quantity.
Answer:
scalar

III. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement:

1. The precision of screw gauge is 0.001 cm.
Answer:
True.

2. The unit of amount of substance is candela
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: The unit of amount of substance is mole.

3. The symbol for the units derived from the names of scientists are written in capital letter
Answer:
True.

4. Yard was used as the unit of length.
Answer:
True

5. Micron is also known as micro-metre
Answer:
True

6. A vemier caliper using the scale invented by Galileo.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: A vernier caliper using the scale invented by Pierre Vernier.

7. The SI unit of mass is kg.
Answer:
True.

8. Weight has both magnitude and direction.
Answer:
True.

IV. Match the following:

Question 1.

Column I	Column II
FPS	Metre, kilogram and second
CGS	Foot, pound and second
MKS or SI	centimetre, gram and second

Answer:

Column I	Column II
FPS	Foot, pound and second
CGS	centimetre, gram and second
MKS or SI	Metre, kilogram and second

Question 2.

Column-I	Column-II
10 years	1 year
10 centuries	1century(100 years)
10 decades	1 millennium
365.24 days	1 decade

Answer:

Column-I	Column-II
10 years	1 decade
10 centuries	1 millennium
10 decade	1century(100 years)
365.24 days	1 year

Question 3.

Column-I	Column-II
Electric Current	radian
Luminous intensity	ampere
Angle	steradian
Solid angle	candela

Answer:

Column-I	Column-II
Electric Current	ampere
Luminous intensity	candela
Angle	radian
Solid angle	steradian

Question 4.

Column-I	Column-II
Length	s
Mass	m
Time	k
Temperature	kg

Answer:

Column-I	Column-II
Length	m
Mass	kg
Time	s
Temperature	k

Question 5.

Column-I	Column-II
Millimeter	10-15 m
Nanometer	10-3m
Angstrom	10-9m
Fermi	10-10m

Answer:

Column-I	Column-II
Millimeter	10-3m
Nanometer	10-9m
Angstrom	10-10m
Fermi	10-15 m

Question 6.

Column-I	Column-II
Temperature	Bearm balance
Mass	Ruler
Length	Digital clock
Time	Thermometer

Answer:

Column-I	Column-II
Temperature	Thermometer
Mass	Bearm balance
Length	Ruler
Time	Digital clock

V. Assertion and reason type :

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Light year and wave length both measure distance
Reason (R) : Both have dimensions of time.
(a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer :
(c) A is true but R is false

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Density is a derived physical quantity
Reason (R) : Density cannot be derived from the fundamental physical quantities.
(a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and,R-is the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false. .
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer :
(c) A is true but R is false
Correct statement: Density can be derived from mass and volume.

Question 3.
Assertion (A) : Mass, Length and Time are fundamental physical quantities.
Reason (R) : They are independent of each other.
(a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer :
b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 4.
Assertion (A) : The SI system of units is the improved system of units for measurement.
Reason (R) : The SI unit of mass is kilogram.
(a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct reason.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer :
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason

Question 5.
Assertion (A) : The skill of estimation is important for all of us in our daily life.
Reason (R) : The skill of estimation reduces our consumption of time.
a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct reason.
b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason.
c) A is true but R is false. ,
d) A is false but R is true.
Answer :
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason

VI. Comprehensive type :

(a) The speed of a body gives us an idea of how slow or fast that a body is moving. Speed of a body is the distance travelled by it per unit time. The SI unit of speed is metre per second. It is a scalar quantity. The speed of a running cab at any instant of time is shown by an instrument called, ’speedometer’ and the distance travelled by a car is measured by another instrument called, ‘odometer’.

Question 1.
Which the following is not a correct unit of speed?
(a) cm/s
(b) m/s
(e) km/h
(d) km/s.
Answer :
(d) km/s

Question 2.
If the distance travelled by the cab in 3 hours is 120 km, then its speed will be
(a) 40 m/s
(b) 40 km/s
(c) 40 km/h
(d) 40 km/min
Answer :
(c) 40 km/h

Question 3.
The formula for finding the speed of the cab is
(a) Distance = speed x time
(b) velocity = distance x time
(c) time = distance x velocity
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Distance = speed x time

(b) Read the passage and answer the questions given below.

Mass is the amount of matter contained in an object. Measurement of mass helps us to distinguish between lighter and a heavier body. Beam-Balance, spring balance and electronic balance are used to measure mass of different objects. The SI unit of mass is kilogram (kg). But different units are Used to measure the mass of different objects depending upon their weight, e.g. weight (mass) of a tablet is measured in milligrams (mg), weight of a student is measured in kilogram (kg), and weight of a truck with goods is measured in metric tons. 1 metric ton is equal to 10 quintals and 1 quintal is equal to 100 kg. 1 gram is equal to 1000 mg.

Question 1.
The value of 1 metric ton is equal to
(a) 1000 kg
(b) 10 quintals
(c) 1000,000 g
(d) 100 kg
Answer :
(a) 1000 kg (or) (b) 10 quintals

Question 2.
How will you measure weight of a tablet?
(a) kg
(b) g
(c) mg
(d) none of these.
Answer:
(c) mg

VII. Answer very briefly :

Question 1.
Write the units which are used to measure long distances.
Answer:
km, AU, light-year, parsec.

Question 2.
Define Astronomical unit.
Answer:
AU is defined as the average distance between the earth and the sun.
1 AU = 1.496 × 10¹¹m.

Question 3.
Define the light year.
Answer:
The distance travelled by light in one year in vacuum. 1 light-year = 9.46 × 10¹⁵m.

Question 4.
Convert the temperature from Fahrenheit into Celsius & Kelvin.
Answer:

Question 5.
Convert 100°C into Kelvin.
Answer:
100 + 273 = 373 K. ie. °C + 273

Question 6.
Convert 112°F into K.
Answer:

Question 7.
Write the principle of screw gauge.
Answer:

• When a screw is rotated in a nut, the distance moved by the tip of the screw is directly proportional to the number of rotations given.
• Hence the principle of the screw is considered as the principle of screw gauge.

Question 8.
What are the kinds of units?
Answer:

1. Fundamental or basic units
2. Derived units

Question 9.
Give some examples of fundamental units.
Answer:
The examples of fundamental units are kg for mass,m for length, s for time.

Question 10.
Give some examples of derived units.
Answer:
The units of area, volume, density.

Question 11.
What is the standard unit of weight?
Answer:
Newton is the standard unit of weight.

Question 12.
What is the standard unit of mass?
Answer:
kilogram is the standard unit of mass.

Question 13.
Define Mass.
Answer:
Mass is the amount of matter contained in a body.

Question 14.
Define Weight.
Answer:
The force with which the earth attracts a body towards its center is called weight.

Question 15.
What is the SI unit of temperature?
Answer:
Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature.

Question 16.
What is the measuring unit of the thickness of a plastic carry bag?
Answer:
1 micron = 10^-6m (or) μm.

VIII. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
Write temperature conversion.
Answer:
Temperature Conversion (Exact)

Question 2.
Write about the positive zero error in screw gauge instrument.
Answer:
When the plane surface of the screw and the opposite plane stud on the frame are brought into contact, if the zero of the head scale lies below the pitch scale axis, the zero error is positive. For example, the 5th division of the head scale coincides with the pitch scale axis, then the zero error is positive and is given by Z.E = + (n × LC) where ‘n’ is the head scale coincidence. In this case, Zero error = + (5 × 0.01) = 0.05 mm. So the zero correction is – 0.05 mm

Question 3.
Write SI units for the fundamental quantity.
Answer:

Basic Quantity	Unit
Length	metre
Mass	kilogram
Time	second
Electric current	ampere
Temperature	kelvìn
Amount of substance	mole
Luminous intensity	candela

Question 4.
Convert the following units in metre.
Answer:

Smaller units	Value in metre
Centimeter (cm)	10-2 m
Millimeter (mm)	10-3 m
micron or µm	10-6 m
nanometre (nm)	10-9 m
angstrom (A)	10-10 m
fermi (f)	10-15 m

Question 5.
Draw and mark the parts of vernier caliper
Answer:
PARTS Marked in the Vernier caliper

1. Lower fixed jaw
2. Upper fixed jaw
3. Lower movable jaw
4. Vernier scale
5. Retainer
6. Main scale
7. Depth probe.

IX. Numerical Problems :

Question 1.
A piece of iron of volume 40cm³ whose density is 6.8g/cm³. Find the mass of iron.
Answer:
Given, density of iron, D = 6.8g/cm³
volume of iron, V = 40 cm³
mass of iron, M = V × D [∴ mass = volume × density]

m = 272.0g.

Question 2.
Solve : The mass of 40 apples in a box is 5 kg.
(i) Find the mass of a dozen of them.
(ii) Express the mass of one apple in gram.
Answer:
(i)  40 apple = 5 kg 5000 g
1 apple =\(\frac{500 \not 0}{4 \not \emptyset}\)
1 apple 125 g
∴ 1 dozen 12 apples
12 apples 125 × 12 g
12 apples 1500 g.

(ii)  40 apples = 5000 g

1 apple = \(\frac{5000}{40} \mathrm{~g}\)

1 apple = 125 g
The mass of 1 apple = 125 g

X. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
How will you find Zero Error of the screw gauge?
Answer:
Zero Error of a screw gauge :
When the plane surface of the screw and the opposite plane stud on the frame area brought into contact, if the zero of the head scale coincides with the pitch scale axis there is no zero error.

Positive zero error:
When the plane surface of the screw and the opposite plane stud on the frame are brought into contact, if the zero of the head scale lies below the pitch scale axis, the zero error is positive. For example, the 5th division of the head scale coincides with the pitch scale axis, then the zero error is positive and is given by
Z.E = + (n x LC) where ‘n’ is the head scale coincidence. In this case, Zero error = + (5 x 0.01) = 0.05mm. So the zero correction is -0.05 mm.

Negative zero error:
When the plane surface of the screw and the opposite plane stud on the frame are brought into contact, if the zero of the head scale lies above the pitch scale axis, the zero error is negative. For example, the 95th division coincides with the pitch scale axis, then the zero error is negative and is given by
ZE = -(100-n) × LC
ZE = – (100 – 95) × LC
= -(5 × 0.01)
= – 0.05 mm
The zero correction is + 0.05mm

Question 2.
How will you find Zero Error of Vernier Caliper? Explain.
Answer:
Zero error:

• Unscrew the slider and move it to the left, such that both the jaws touch each other. Check whether the zero marking of the main scale coincides with that of the Vernier scale.
• If they are not coinciding with each other, the instrument is said to posses zero error. Zero error may be positive or negative.
• If the zero mark of the Vernier is shifted to the right, it is called positive error.
• On the other hand, if the Vernier zero is shifted to the left of the main scale zero marking, then the error is negative.

Positive zero error:

• From the figure you can see that zero of the vernier scale is shifted to the right of zero of the main scale.
• In this case the reading will be more than the actual reading.
• Hence, this error should be corrected. In order to correct this error, find out which vernier division is coinciding with any of the main scale divisions.
• Here, fifth vernier division is coinciding with a main scale division.
• So, positive zero error = +5 × LC = +5 × 0.01 = 0.05 cm.
  

Negative zero error:

• You can see that zero of the vernier scale is shifted to the left of the zero of the main scale.
• So, the obtained reading will be less than the actual reading.
• To correct this error we should first find which vernier division is coinciding with any of the main scale divisions, as we found in the previous case.
• In this case, you can see that sixth line is coinciding. But, to find the negative error, we can count backward (from 10).
• So, the 4th line is coinciding. Therefore, negative zero error = -4 x LC = -4 x 0.01 = -0.04 cm.
  

Question 3.
Write short note on the following :
(i) Common balance
(ii) Physical balance Digital balance Spring balance
Answer:
Common (beam) balance :
A beam balance compares the sample mass with a standard reference mass (Standard reference masses are 5g, 10g, 20g, 50g, 100g, 200g, 500g, 1kg, 2kg, 5kg). This balance can measure mass accurately up to 5 g

Physical balance:
This balance is used in labs and is similar to the beam balance but it is a lot more sensitive and can measure mass of an object correct to a milligram.
The standard, reference masses used in this physical balance are 10 mg, 20 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 500 mg, 1 g, 2g, 5 g, 10 g, 20 g, 50 g, 100g, and 200 g.

Digital balance:
Nowadays, for accurate measurements digital balances are used, which measure mass accurately even up to a few milligrams, the least value being 10 mg (Figure 1.11). This electrical device is easy to handle and commonly used in jewellery shops and labs.

Spring balance:
This balance helps us to find the weight of an object. It consists of a spring fixed at one end and a hook attached to a rod at the other end. It works by ‘Hooke’s law’ which states that the addition of weight produces a proportional increase in the length of the spring. A pointer is attached to the rod which slides over a graduated scale on the right. The spring extends according to the weight attached to the hook and the pointer reads the weight of the object on the scale.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Motion Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Motion

9th Science Guide Motion Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Online Average Acceleration calculator can be used to calculate Acceleration,​initial and final velocity and time taken.

Question 1.
The area under velocity – time graph represents the
(a) velocity of the moving object.
(b) displacement covered by the moving object,
(c) speed of the moving object.
(d) acceleration of the moving object.
Answer:
(b) displacement covered by the moving object

Question 2.
Which one of the following is most likely not a case of uniform circular motion?
(a) Motion of the Earth around the Sim.
(b) Motion of a toy train on a circular track.
(c) Motion of a racing car on a circular track.
(d) Motion of hours’ hand on the dial of the clock.
Answer:
(c) Motion of a racing car on a circular track

Question 3.
Which of the following graph represents uniform motion of a moving particle?


Answer:

Question 4.
The centrifugal force is
(a) a real force.
(b) the force of reaction of centripetal force.
(c) a virtual force.
(d) directed towards the centre of the circular path.
Answer:
(c) a virtual force

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. Speed is a …………………….quantity whereas velocity is a …………….quantity.
Answer:
Scalar, Vector

2. The slope of the distance – time graph at any point gives ………………
Answer:
Speed

3. Negative acceleration is called ……………………
Answer:
retardation (or) deceleration

Displacement calculator is really a nice calculator that will help you solve a lot of your problems related to displacement.

4. Area under velocity – time graph shows ……………………………….
Answer:
displacement

III. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement:

1. The motion of a city bus in a heavy traffic road is an example for uniform motion.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: The motion of a city bus in a heavy traffic road is an example for non-uniform motion.

2. Acceleration can get negative value also.
Answer:
True.

3. Distance covered by a particle never becomes zero but displacement becomes zero.
Answer:
True.

4. The velocity – time graph of a particle falling freely under gravity would be a straight line parallel to the x axis. .
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: The velocity – time graph of aparticle moving at uniform do dry. would be straight line parallel to the x axis.

5. If the velocity – time graph of a particle is a straight line inclined to X-axis then its displacement – time graph will be a straight line.
Answer:
True.

IV. Assertion and Reason Type Questions :

Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If assertion is false but reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : The accelerated motion of an object may be due to change in magnitude of velocity or direction or both of them..
Reason : Acceleration can be produced only by change in magnitude of the velocity. It does not depend the direction.
Answer:
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.

Use Average Velocity Calculator to find the average velocity, initial velocity, and final velocity with average velocity formula (vavg=(v+u)/2).

Question 2.
Assertion : The Speedometer of a car or a motor-cycle measures its average speed.
Reason : Average velocity is equal to total displacement divided by total time taken.
Answer:
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true

Question 3.
Assertion : Displacement of a body may be zero when distance travelled by it is not zero.
Reason : The displacement is the shortest distance between initial and final position.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion

V. Match the Following :

Answer:

VI. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
Define velocity.
Answer:
Velocity is the rate of change of displacement. It. is the displacement in unit time.

Question 2.
Distinguish distance and displacement.
Answer:
Table
Distance

1. The actual length of the path travelled by a moving body irrespective of the direction
2. It is a Scalar quantity

Displacement:

1. The change in position of a moving body in a particular direction
2. It is a Vector quantity

Question 3.
What do you mean by uniform-motion?
Answer:
An object is said to be in uniform motion if it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time how so ever big or small these time intervals may be.

Question 4.
Compare speed and velocity.
Answer:

Speed	Velocity
1. It is the rate of change of distance with respect to time	It is the rate of change of displacement with respect to time
2. It is a scalar quantity having magnitude only	It is a vector quantity having both magnitude and direction
3. Speed is velocity without a particular direction	Velocity is speed in a particular direction
4. It is measured in ms-1 in SI system	It is also measured in ms-1 in a particular direction in SI system
5. Speed in any direction would be a positive quantify, since the distance in any direction is a positive quantity.	Velocity can get both positive and negative values. If velocity in one direction is assumed to be positive then the velocity in the opposite direction would be a negative quantity. Velocity can get zero value also.

Question 5.
What do you understand about negative acceleration?
Answer:
If v < u, i.e. if final velocity is less than initial velocity, the velocity decreases with time and the value of acceleration is negative. It is called negative acceleration. It is also called as retardation (or) deceleration.

Question 6.
Is the uniform circular motion accelerated? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer: When an object is moving with a constant speed along a circular path, the change in velocity is only due to the change in direction. Hence it is accelerated motion.

Question 7.
What is meant by uniform circular motion? Give two examples of uniform circular motion.
Answer:
When an object moves with constant speed along a circular path, the motion is called uniform circular motion.
Example :

• The earth moves around the sun in the uniform circular motion.
• The moon moves in uniform circular motion around the earth.

VII. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
Derive the equations of motion by graphical method.
Answer:
Equations of motion from velocity-time graph:

Graph shows the change in velocity with time of a uniformly accelerated object. The object starts from the point D in the graph with velocity u. Its velocity keeps increasing and after time t it reaches the point B on the graph.
The initial velocity of the object = u = OD = EA
The final velocity of the object = v = OC = EB
Time = t = OE = DA
Also from the graph we know that, AB = DC

1. First equation of motion :

By definition, acceleration = change in velocity / time
= (final velocity – initial velocity)/time
= (OC – OD) / OE
= DC / OE
a = DC /t
DC = AB = at
From the graph EB = EA + AB
v = u + at…………..(1)
This is first equation of motion. .

2. Second equation on of motion :
From the graph the distance covered by the object during time t is given by the area of quadrangle DOEB

s = area of the quadrangle DOEB
= area of the rectangle DOEA + area of the triangle DAB
= (AE x OE) + (1/2 × AB × DA) .
s = ut + 1/2 (at²) …………(2)
This is the second equation of motion.

3. Third equation of motion :
From the graph the distance covered by the object during time, t is given by the area of the quadrangle DOEB. Here DOEB is a trapezium. Then,
s = area of trapezium DOEB
= 1/2 × sum of length of parallel side × distance between parallel sides
= 1/2 × (OD + BE) × OE
S = 1/2 ×× (u + v) × t
since a = (v – u) /1 or t = (v – u) / a
Therefore s = 1/2 × (v + u) x (v – u) / a
2as = v² – u²
v² = u² + 2 as …………….. (3)
This is the third equation of motion.

Question 2.
Explain different types of motion.
Answer:
In physics, motion can be classified as below.

1. Linear motion: Motion along a straight line.

2. Circular motion: Motion along a circular path.

3. Oscillatory motion: Repetitive to and fro motion of an object at regular intervals of time. Random motion: Motion of the object which does not fall in any of the above categories.

Uniform and Non-uniform motion:

Uniform motion: Consider a car that covers 60 km in the first hour, 60 km in the second horn-, and another 60 km in the third hour, and so on. The car covers equal distance at equal intervals of time. We can say that the motion of the car is uniform. An object is said to be in uniform motion if it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time howsoever big or small these time intervals may be.

Non-uniform motion: Now, consider a bus starting from one stop. It proceeds slowly when it passes through a crowded area of the road. Suppose, it manages to travel merely 100 m in 5 minutes due to heavy traffic and is able to travel about 2 km in 5 minutes when the road is clear. Hence, the motion of the bus is non-uniform i.e. it travels unequal distances in equal intervals of time.

VIII. Exercise Problems:

Question 1.
A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 m. If its velocity increases uniformly at the rate of 10ms^-2, with what velocity will it strike the ground? After what time will it strike the ground?
Answer:
Here we have
Initial velocity, u = 0
Distance, s = 20 m
Acceleration, a = 10 m/s²
Final velocity, v = ?
Time, t = ?

a) Calculation of final velocity, v
We know that, v² = u² + 2as
v² = 0 + 2 × 10m/s² × 20m
v² = 400m²/s²
\(=\sqrt{400 m^{2} / s^{2}}\)
v = 20m/s

b) Calculation of time, t
We know that, v = u + at
20 m/s = 0 + 10m/s² × t
t = \(\frac{20 m / s^{2}}{20 m / s}=2 s\)
∴ Ball will strike the ground at a velocity of 20 ms^-1
Time taken to reach the ground = 2s.

Question 2.
An athlete completes one round of a circular track of diameter 200 m in 40 s. What will be the distance covered and the displacement at the end of 2 m and 20 s?
Answer:
Here we have
Diameter = 200. m
∴ Radius = 200 m/2 = 100 m
Time of one rotation = 40 s
Time after 2m 20 s = 2 × 60 s +20 s = 140 s
Distance after 140 s = ?
Displacement after 140 s = ?
Circular track with a diameter of 200m
We know that, velocity

a) Distance after 140 s
We know that, distance = velocity × time
= Distance 15.7 rn/s × 140 s
= 2198m

b) Displacement after 2 min 20 s i.e, in 140 s
We know that, distance = velocity × time
Since, rotation in 40 s = 1
∴ Rotation in 1 s = \(\frac{1}{40}\)
∴ Rotation in 140 s = \(\frac{1}{40} \times 140=3.5\)
∴ In 3.5 rotation athlete will be just at the opposite side of the circular track,
i.e. at a distance equal to the diameter of the circular track which is equal to 200m
∴ Distance covered in 2min 20 s = 2198 m
Displacement after 2min 20 5 = 200 m.

Question 3.
A racing car has a uniform acceleration of 4ms-2. What distance it covers in 10s after the start?
Answer:
Here we have
Acceleration, a = 4 m/s².
Initial velocity u = 0
Time t = 10 s
Distance (s) covered =?
We know that, s = ut + \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) at²
s = (0 × 10s) + [\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 4 m/s² × (10 s)²]
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 4 m/s² × 100 s²
= 2 × 100 m = 200 m

Thus, racing car will cover a distance of 200 m after start in 10s with given acceleration.

Intex Activities

ACTIVITY – 1

Look around you. You can see many things: a row of houses, large trees, small plants, flying birds, running cars and many more. List the objects which remain fixed at their position and the objects which keep on changing their position.
Solution:

1. Row of houses, large trees, small plants are the examples, of immovable objects.
2. Flying birds, running cars and buses are the examples of movable objects.

Activity to be done by the students themselves

ACTIVITY – 2

Tabulate the distance covered by a bus in a heavy traffic road in equal intervals of time and do the same for a train which is not in an accelerated motion. From your table what do you understand?
The bus covers unequal distance in equal intervals of time but the train covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.
Solution:

ACTIVITY – 3

Observe the motion of a car as shown in the figure and answer the following questions:
Compare the distance covered by the car through the path ABC and AC. What do you observe? Which path gives the shortest distance to reach D from A? Is it the path ABCD or the path ACD or the path AD?

Solution:

1. Distance covered by the car through the path ABC = 4m + 3m = 7 m. and AC = 5 m. The distance covered by the car through the path ABC is large compared to AC.
2. The shortest distance to resell D from A is path AD = 3m.
3. The total distance covered by the car ABCD A = 14 m. It finally reaches to A.

ACTIVITY – 4

Take a large stone and a small eraser. Stand on the top fit a table and drop them simultaneously from the same height? What do you observe? Now, take a small eraser and a sheet of paper. Drop them simultaneously from the same height. What do you observe? This time, take two sheets of paper having same mass and crumple one of the sheets into a ball. Now, drop the sheet and the ball from the same height. What do you observe?
Solution :
Both the stone and the eraser have reached the surface of the earth almost at the same time.
The eraser reaches first and the sheet of paper reaches later.
The paper crumpled into a ball reaches ground first and plain sheet of paper reaches later, although they have equal mass. It is because of air resistance. The magnitude of air resistance despends on the area of object exposed to air. So the sheet of paper reaches later.

9th Science Guide Motion Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
A particle is moving in a circular pattern of radius r. The displacement after half a circle would be
(a) zero
(b) πr
(c) 2r
(d) 2πr
Answer:
(c) 2r

Question 2.
In which of the following cases of motions, the distance moved and the magnitude of displacement are equal?
(a) If the car is moving in the straight road.
(b) If the car is moving in a circular road.
(c) The earth is revolving around the sun.
(d) The pendulum is moving to and fro
Answer:
(a) If the car is moving in the straight road

Question 3.
A body is thrown vertically upward with velocity, the greatest height h to which it will rise is
(a) u²/2g
(b) u²/g
(c) u/g
(d) u/2g
Answer:
(a) u²/2g

Question 4.
If the displacement of an object is proportional to square of time, then the object moves with
(a) uniform velocity
(b) uniform acceleration
(c) increasing acceleration
(d) decreasing acceleration
Answer:
(b) uniform acceleration

Question 5.
From the given v-t graph, u can be inferred that the object is
(a) in uniform motion
(b) at rest
(c) in non-uniform motion
(d) moving with uniform acceleration
Answer:
(a) in uniform motion

Question 6.
The area under v-t graph represents a physical quantity which has the unit.
(a) m²
(b) m
(c) m³
(d) ms^-1
Answer:
(b) m

Question 7.
m/s² is the unit of
(a) distance
(b) displacement
(c) velocity
(d) acceleration
Answer:
(d) acceleration

Question 8.
The rate of change of displacement
(a) speed
(b) velocity
(c) acceleration
(d) retardation
Answer:
(b) velocity

Question 9.
A scalar quantity has T
(a) magnitude only
(b) direction only
(c) both
(d) none
Answer:
(a) magnitude only

Question 10.
When an object undergoes acceleration
(a) there is always an increase in its velocity
(b) there is always an increase in its speed
(c) a force always acting on it.
(d) all of the above
Answer:
(c) a force always acting on it

Question 11.
A body is projected up with an initial velocity u m/s. It goes up to a height, ‘h’ metres in seconds time. Then it comes back at the point of projection. Considering negligible air resistance, which of the following statement is true?
(a) the acceleration is zero
(b) the displacement is zero
(c) the average velocity is 2hit
(d) the final velocity is 2u when body reaches projection point
Answer:
(b) the displacement is zero

Question 12.
A car accelerates at 1.5m/s²in a straight road. How much is the increase in velocity in 4s.
(a) 6 m/s
(b) 4 m/s
(c) 3 m/s
(d) 2.66 m/s
Answer:
(a) 6 m/s

Question 13.
The slope of the distance-time curve is steeper / greater is the
(a) velocity
(b) acceleration
(c) displacement
(d) speed
Answer:
(d) speed

Question 14.
The given graph represents motion with …………….speed.

(a) uniform
(b) non-uniform
(c) constant
(d) none
Answer:
(b) non-uniform

Question 15.
The relation between displacemeñt and time is given by the equation of
(a) v² = ut + at
(b) s = ut + \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) at²
(e) c = s/t
(d) v² = u² + 2as
Answer:
(b) s = ut + \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) at²

Question 16.
A body moves in a uniform circular motion
(a) It is moving with constant velocity
(b) its acceleration is zero
(c) the body has an acceleration y
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(a) It is moving with constant velocity

Question 17.
Speed of the body in particular direction can be called
(a) acceleration
(b) displacement
(c) velocity
(d) distance
Answer:
(c) velocity

Question 18.
Statement A: Uniform circular motion is a case of accelerated motion
Statement B: In third equation of motion we do not have the term time
(a) Statement B is true, A is false
(b) Statement A is true, B is false
(c) neither statement A nor B is true
(d) both are true
Answer:
(d) both are true

Question 19.
Which of the following is correct about uniform circular motion
(i) direction of motion is continuously changed
(ii) direction of motion is not changed
(iii) speed and direction both remain constant
(iv) speed is constant but direction is changing
(a) ii & iii are correct
(b) i, ii & iii are correct
(c) i & iv are correct
(d) all of these
Answer:
(c) i & iv are correct

Question 20.
Which of the quantities have the same SI unit?
(a) speed, velocity
(b) acceleration, time
(c) velocity, time
(d) velocity, acceleration
Answer:
(a) speed, velocity

Question 21.
Rest and motion of body are
(a) non-relative
(b) not related
(c) relative
(d) none
Answer:
(c) relative

Question 22.
An ant moves from one corner of a room diagonally to the opposite corner. If the dimensions of the hall are 8m x 6m, the displacement of the ant is
(a) 10m
(b) 14m
(c) 28m
(d) 2m
Answer:
(a) 10m

Question 23.
The displacement covered by a second hand of radius V in a clock after one revolution is
(a) 360°
(b) 0
(c) 3r
(d) 2r
Answer:
(b) 0

Question 24.
A man leaves his house at 6.30 a.m. for a morning walk and returns back at 7.30 a.m. after covering 4 km. Displacement covered by him is …………….
(a) 2 km
(b) zero
(c) 8 km
(d) 4 km
Answer:
(b) zero

Question 25.
A body is said to be in non uniform motion if it travels
(a) equal distance in unequal interval of time
(b) equal distance in equal interval of time
(c) unequal distance in unequal interval of time
(d) unequal distance in equal interval of time.
Answer:
(d) unequal distance in equal interval of time

Question 26.
A quantity which has both magnitude and direction is
(a) scalar
(b) distant
(c) vector
(d) moving body
Answer:
(c) vector

Question 27.
A bus accelerating with 4ms-2 changes its speed from 60ms_1 to a certain value in 5s. The final speed is
(a) 40 m/s
(b) 25 ms^-1
(c) 60 ms^-1
(d) 30 ms^-1
Answer:
(a) 40 m/s

Question 28.
A quantity has a value of 16ms-2. It is the
(a) acceleration of an object
(b) velocity of an object
(c) retardation of an object
(d) speed of an object
Answer:
(c) retardation of an object

Question 29.
A boy throws a ball up and catches it when the ball falls back. In which part of the motion the ball is accelerating?
(a) during downward motion
(b) when the ball comes to rest
(c) during upward motion
(d) when the boy catches the ball.
Answer:
(a) during downward motion]

Question 30.
Choose the correct option.
(a) distance is a scalar, velocity is a vector, acceleration is a vector
(b) distance is a vector, velocity is a scalar, acceleration is a vector
(c) distance is a vector, velocity is a vector, acceleration is a vector
(d) distance is a scalar, velocity is a vector, acceleration is scalar
Answer:
(a) distance is a scalar, velocity is a vector, acceleration is a vector

Question 31.
If a moving body comes to rest, then its acceleration is
(a) positive
(b) negative
(c) zero
(d) all of these depending upon initial velocity.
Answer:
(b) negative

Question 32.
If the velocity of a body changes uniformly from u to v in time t, the sum of average velocity and acceleration is


Answer:

Question 33.
Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of
(a) distance
(b) velocity
(c) speed
(d) displacement
Answer:
(b) velocity

Question 34.
When an object undergoes acceleration
(a) there is always an increase in its velocity ‘
(b) there is always an increase in its speed
(c) a force always acting on it.
(d) all the above
Answer:
(c) a force always acting on it

Question 35.
The equation v = u + at gives information as
(a) velocity is a function of time
(b) velocity is a function of position
(c) position is a function of time
(d) position is a function of time and velocity
Answer:
(a) velocity is a function of time

Question 36.
Which of the following can determine the acceleration of a moving object.
(a) area of the velocity-time graph
(b) the slope of the velocity-time graph
(c) area of a distance-time graph
(d) the slope of a distance-time graph
Answer:
(b) slope of the velocity-time graph

Question 37.
What is the slope of the body when it moves with uniform velocity?
(a) positive
(b) negative
(c) zero
(d) may be positive or negative
Answer:
(c) zero]

Question 38.
If a body starts from rest, what can be said about the acceleration of the body?
(a) positively accelerated
(b) negative accelerated
(c) uniform accelerated
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(a) positively accelerated

Question 39.
When a body moves uniformly along the circle then
(a) its velocity changes but speed remain the same
(b) its speed changes but velocity remains the same
(c) both speed and velocity changes
(d) both speed and velocity remains same
Answer:
(a) its velocity changes but speed remains the same

Question 40.
Distance travelled by a freely falling body is proportional to
(a) mass of the body
(b) square of the acceleration due to gravity
(c) square of the time of fall
(d) time of fall
Answer:
(c) square of the time of fall

Question 41.
If the displacement-time graph of a particle is parallel to the time axis, then velocity of the particle is.
(a) infinity
(b) unity
(c) equal to acceleration
(d) zero
Answer:
(d) zero

Question 42.
In the velocity-time graph, AB shows that the body has

(a) uniform acceleration
(b) non-uniform retardation
(c) uniform speed
(d) initial velocity OA & is moving with uniform retardation.
Answer:
(d) initial velocity OA & is moving with uniform retardation

Question 43.
The magnitude of the centripetal force is given by (F= ….)


Answer:

Question 44.
A body moving with an initial velocity 5ms^-1 and accelerates at 2ms ^-2. Its velocity after 10s is
(a) 20ms^-1
(b) 25ms^-1
(c) 5ms^-1
(d) 22.55ms^-1
Answer:
(b) 25ms^-1

Question 45.
In a 100m race, the winner takes 10s to reach the finishing point. The average speed of the winner is
(a) 5ms^-1
b) 20ms^-1
c) 40ms^-1
d) 10ms^-1
Answer:
(d) 10ms^-2

Question 46.
The area under the velocity-time graph represents
(a) the velocity of the moving object
(b) displacement covered by the moving object
(c) speed of the moving object.
(d) acceleration of the moving object
Answer:
(b) displacement covered by the moving object

Question 47.
A car is being driven at a speed of 20ms^-1 when brakes are applied to bring it to rest in 5 s. The deceleration produced in this case will be
(a) +4ms^-2
(b) -4ms^-2
(c) -0.25ms^-2
(d) +0.25ms^-2
Answer:
(b) -4ms^-2

Question 48.
Unit of acceleration is
(a) ms^-1
(b) ms^-2
(c) ms
(d) ms²
Answer:
(b) ms^-2

Question 49.
The force responsible for drying clothes in a washing machine is …………….
(a) Centripetal force
(b) Centrifugal force
(c) Gravitational force
(d) Electro static force
Answer:
(b) Centrifugal force

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. If a body does not change its position, then it is said to be at …………………
Answer:
rest

2. The back and forth motion of a swing is an ………………… motion.
Answer:
Oscillatory

3. In uniform motion an object travels equal ………………… in ………………… interval of time.
Answer:
distances, equal

4. The actual path covered by a body is called …………………
Answer:
distance

5. Displacement is the ………………… distance covered by a body.
Answer:
shortest

6. The motion of the bus is ………………… motion.
Answer:
non-uniform

7. Rate of change of displacement is …………………
Answer:
velocity

8. Speed is a ………………… quantity whereas velocity is a …………………
Answer:
scalar, vector

9. If final velocity is less than initial velocity the acceleration is ………………….
Answer:
negative

10. If final velocity is equal to initial velocity the value of acceleration is ………………….
Answer:
zero

11. The slope of the distance-time graph becomes steeper & steeper the speed ………………….
Answer:
increases

12. A straight line parallel to the x-axis in the velocity-time graph, represents the object moves in…………………
Answer:
uniform velocity

13. From v-t graph ………………… can be calculated.
Answer:
displacement

14. ………………… measures the instantaneous speed of the automobile.
Answer:
Speedometer

15. Slope of the velocity-time graph gives…………………
Answer:
acceleration

16. The value of acceleration for a body at rest is…………………
Answer:
zero

17. At the highest point, when a body is thrown vertically upwards, the velocity is ………………….
Answer:
zero

18. A body moves in a circular pattern the ………………… of velocity does not change but changes.
Answer:
magnitude, direction

19. When a body moves in a circular pattern ………………… acceleration is directed radially towards the centre of the circle.
Answer:
centripetal

20. The separation of cream from milk-hn example for the application of ………………….
Answer:
centrifugal

21. Consider an object is rest at position x = 20m. Then its displacement – time graph will be straight-line ………………… to the time axis.
Answer:
Parallel

III. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement:

1. Displacement can be zero but distance never.
Answer:
True.

2. Time is a vector quantity.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: Time is a scalar quantity.

3. Displacement magnitude can be greater than the distance travelled by the object.
Answer:
True.

4. If the velocity of the body decreases with time the acceleration is negative and the motion is called decelerated motion.
Answer:
True.

5. Acceleration is a scalar.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: Acceleration is a vector.

6. The area of the velocity-time graph gives the displacement of the body.
Answer:
True.

7. Motion & rest are relative terms.
Answer:
True.

8. An object can be moving with uniform speed but variable acceleration.
Answer:
True.

9. Slope of the distance-time graph indicates the speed.
Answer:
True.

10. It is possible to have object moving with uniform velocity but non-uniform acceleration.
Answer:
True.

11. It is possible to have object moving with uniform speed but variable acceleration.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement : It is possible to have object moving with uniform speed but constant acceleration.

12. The force experienced by a boy in the merry-go-round is a centripetal force.
Answer:
False.
Correct statement: The force experienced by a boy in the merry-go-round is a centrifugal force.

13. The initial velocity of a freely falling object is zero as it is released from rest.
Answer:
True.

IV. Assertion and Reason Type Questions :

(a) If both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion & reason are true but the reason is not correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
(d) If assertion & reason both are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : A body can have acceleration even if its velocity is zero at a given instant of time.
Reason: A body is momentarily at rest when it reverses its direction of motion.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 2.
Assertion : If the displacement of the body is zero, the distance covered by it may not be zero.
Reason: Displacement is a vector & distance is a scalar quantity.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 3.
Assertion: An object can have constant speed but the variable velocity
Reason: Speed is a scalar but velocity is a vector.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 4.
Assertion: The speed of a body can be Negative.
Reason : If the body is moving in the opposite direction of positive motion, then its speed is Negative.
Answer:
(d) Assertion & reason both are false

Question 5.
Assertion : The position-time graph of a uniform motion in one dimension of a body can have Negative slope
Reason : When the speed of body decreases with time then, position-time graph of the moving body has Negative slope.
[Answer:
(c) Assertion is true but the reason is false

Question 6.
Assertion: A positive acceleration of a body can be associated with slowing down of the body.
Reason: Acceleration is a vector.
[Answer: (b) Both assertion & reason are true but the reason is not correct explanation of the assertion]

Question 7.
Assertion :A negative acceleration of a body can be associated with speeding up of the body.
Reason: Increase in speed of a moving body is independent of its direction of motion.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion & reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 8.
Assertion When a body is subjected to a uniform acceleration, it is always moving in a straight line.
Reason: Motion may be straight-line motion or circular motion.
Answer:
(e) Assertion is false but the reason is true

Question 9.
Assertion : Position-time graph of a stationary object is a straight line parallel to time axis. ’
Reason : For a stationary object, position does not change with time.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 10.
Assertion : The slope of distance-time graph of a body moving with high speed is steeper than slope of distance-time graph of a body with low velocity.
Reason: Slope of distance-time graph = speed of the body.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

V. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
What are centripetal acceleration and centripetal force?
Answer:
When a body moves in a circular pattern the acceleration is directed radially towards the centre of the circle.
The force causing this acceleration is also directed towards the centre of the circle and it is called centripetal force.

Question 2.
Find the magnitude of centripetal force.
Answer:
Consider an object of mass m, moving along a circular path of radius r, with a velocity v, its centripetal acceleration is given by a = v² / r
Hence, the magnitude of centripetal force is given by,
F = mass x centripetal acceleration
F = mv² / r

Question 3.
What is centrifugal force? Give examples.
Answer:
Force acting on a body away from the centre of circular path is called centrifugal force. Thus centrifugal force is in a direction opposite to the direction of centripetal force. Its magnitude is same as that of centripetal force.
Example : Spin dryer of a washing machine, ride on a merry-go-round.

Question 4.
When an object is thrown upwards, what is true of velocity and acceleration at the highest point of motion of the object?
Answer:

• Velocity becomes zero
• Acceleration remains same as g.

Question 5.
Name the two quantities, the slope of whose graph gives (i) speed (ii) acceleration.
Answer:
(i) Distance – Time
(ii) Speed – Time

Question 6.
Define Average speed.
Answer:
It is the total distance travelled divided by the total time taken to cover this distance.

Question 7.
What do you infer if
(i) Distance – time graph is straight line.
(ii) Velocity time graph is curved.
(iii) Displacement time is zig zag.
Answer:
(i) Speed is constant.
(ii) Acceleration is not uniform.
(iii) Non uniform velocity.

Question 8.
Give the formula for each.
(i) Relation between initial, final velocity, acceleration and displacement in a uniformly accelerated straight line motion.
(ii) Relation between initial, final velocity, acceleration & time in a uniformly accelerated straight line motion.
(iii) Relation between initial velocity, acceleration, displacement and time.
Answer:
(i) Relation between initial, final Velocity, acceleration & displacement
in a uniformly accelerated straight line motion. v² = u² + 2as
(ii) Relation between initial, final velocity, acceleration & time
in a uniformly accelerated straight line motion. v = u + at
(iii) Relation between initial velocity, acceleration, displacement and time. s = ut+ 1/2 at²

Question 9.
What is the difference between uniform acceleration and non – uniform acceleration?
Answer:
Uniform Acceleration

1. It is the acceleration in which the object changes its velocity with equal intervals of time.
2. eg. The motion of a ball rolling down.

Non – Uniform Acceleration

1. It is the acceleration in which the object changes its velocity with unequal intervals of time.
2. A car travels 2 km in 1st hour, 3 km in 2nd hour and 3.5 km in 3rd horn.

Question 11.
Define Acceleration.
Answer:
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time or it is the rate of change of velocity in unit time. It is a vector quantity. The SI unit of acceleration is

VI. Paragraph Questions :

Question 1.
Define acceleration and state its SI unit for motion along a straight line, when do we consider the acceleration to be (i) positive (ii) negative? Give an example of a body in uniform acceleration.
Answer:
Answer: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time or it is the rate of change of velocity in unit time. It is a vector quantity. The SI unit of acceleration is ms^-2
Acceleration = Change in velocity/time
= (Final velocity – initial velocity)/time
a = \(\frac{v-u}{t}\)

If v > u, then ‘a’ is positive. If final velocity is greater than initial velocity, the velocity increase with time, the value of acceleration is positive.

If v < u, then a is negative. If final velocity is less than initial velocity
Example : The motion of a freely falling body and vertically thrown up body are the examples of uniform acceleration.
The motion of ball rolling down on an inclined plane is another example.

Question 2.
Distinguish between uniform motion and non
Answer:
uniform motion.

1. An object is said to be in uniform motion if it covers equkl distances in equal intervals of time.
2. example of uniform motion ‘train’

non-uniform motion.

1. If a body covers unequal distances in equal interval of time (or) equal distances in a different interval of time
2. example of non – uniform motion ‘bus’

Question 3.
Define uniform circular motion and give an example of it. Why is it called accelerated motion?
Answer:
When an object is moving with a constant speed along a circular path, the change in velocity is only due to the change in direction. Hence it is accelerated motion. Example:

1. The earth moves around the sun in a uniform circular motion.
2. The moon moves in uniform circular motion around the earth.

Question 4.
When a body is said to be in (i) uniform acceleration (ii) non – uniform acceleration?
Answer:
(i) A body is said to be in uniform acceleration if it travels in a straight line and its velocity increases or decreases by equal amounts in equal time intervals.
(ii) A body is said to be in non-uniform acceleration if the rate of change of its velocity is not constant i.e. differs in different time intervals.

Question 5.
What remains constant in uniform circular motion? And what changes continuously in uniform circular motion?
Answer:

• Speed remains constant in a uniform circular motion.
• Velocity changes continuously in a uniform circular motion.

Problems

Question 1.
A bus speed decreases from 50 km/h to 40 km/h in 3s, find the acceleration of the bus.
Answer:

Question 2.
A car starting from rest moves with uniform acceleration of 0.2 ms-2 for 3 min. Fine the (a) speed acquired (b) the distance travelled.
Answer:
Initial speed (u) = 0 m/s
Acceleration (a) = 0.2 ms^-2
Time taken (t) = 3 min = 3 × 60 = 180 s
Final velocity (v) = ?
Distance covered(s) = ?
v = u + at = 0 + 0.2 × 180 = 36 m/s
v = 36m/s
s = ut + 1/2 at² = 0 + 1/2 × 0.2 × (180)²
= 0.1 × 32400 = 3240 m
s = 3240m

Question 3.
A train is travelling at a speed of 90 kmh^-1. Brakes are applied so as to produce a uniform acceleration of-0.5 ms^-2, find how far the train will go before it is brought to rest.
Answer:
Initial velocity of train (u) = 90 km/h = \(\frac{90,000 \mathrm{~m}}{3,600 \mathrm{sec}}=25 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\)
Final velocity (v) = 0 ms^-1
Acceleration (a) = – 0.5 ms^-2
v² = u²+ 2as
s = (v² – u²) / 2a = (0² – 25²) / -(2 × 0.5)
s = -625/-1 = 625m
s = 625m

Question 4.
In a long-distance race the athletes were expected to take four rounds of the track such that the line of finish was same as the line of start. Suppose the length of the track was 300m,

(i) What is the total distance to be covered by the athletes?
What is the total displacement of the athletes when they touch the finish line?
(iii) Is the motion of the athletes uniform or non- D .^starting point uniform?
(iv) Is the displacement & distance moved by an athlete at the end of the race equal?
Answer:
(i) Total distance covered = 4 × 300 = 1200 m
(ii) Displacement = 0 [final position – initial position]
(iii) Non – uniform.
∵ the direction of motion is changing while running on the track.
(iv) Both are not equal.

Question 5.
Ram swims in a 80m long swimming pool. He covers 160m in 1 min by swimming from one end to the other and back along the same straight pattern. Find the average speed and average velocity.
Answer:
Total distance = 160m
Total displacement = 0
Time taken (t) = 1 min = 60s

Question 6.
Abus from Chennai travels to Trichy passes loo km, 160 km at 10.15 am, 11.15 am respectively. Find the average speed of the bus during 10.15 – 11.15 am.
Answer:
The distance coveredbetween 10.l5am& 11.15 am = 160 – 100
= 60km
The time interval = 1 h
Average speed = 60/1
= 60km/h

Question 7.
In a distance-time graph of two objects A & B, which object is moving with greater speed when both are moving?
Answer:
Object B makes a longer angle with the time – axis. Its slope is greater than the slope of object A. Thus the speed of B is greater than that of A.

Question 8.
Find the distance covered by a particle during the time interval which the speed-time graph is-shown in figure.
Answer:

Distance covered in the. time interval 0 to 20s is equal to the area of the triangle OAB.
Area of A OAB. \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × base × height
\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 20 x 20 = 200 ms^-1

Question 9.
A car moves 30 km in 30 min and the next 30 km in 40 min. Calculate the average speed for the entire journey.
Answer:
Answer:
Total time taken = 30 + 40 = 70 min. = \(\frac { 70 }{ 60 }\) hour
Total distance = 30 + 30 = 60 km

Question 10.
A boy travels a distance of 3m due east and then 4m due north.
(a) How much is the total distance covered?
(b) What is the magnitude of the displacement?
Answer:

(a) Total distance covered = 3 + 4 = 7m
(b) Net displacement: OB² = OA² + AB²
= 3² + 4²
OB² = 25m²
∴OB = 5m 0 3m
Net displacement = 5m

Question 11.
During an experiment, a signal from a spaceship reached the ground station in five seconds. What was the distance of the spaceship from the ground station? The signal
travels at the speed of light that is 3 × 10⁸ ms^-1
Answer:
Time taken = 5 seconds.
Speed of signal u = 3 × 10⁸ m/s ?
Distance = ?
Speed = Distance / Time
∴ Distance = Speed × Time
Distance = 3 × 10⁸ × 5 = 15 × 10⁸ m.

Question 12.
A train travelling at a speed of 90kmph. Brakes are applied so as to produce a uniform acceleration of -0.5 ms-2. Find how far the train will go before it is brought to rest?
Answer:
Here we have
Initial velocity , u = 90km/h
\(=\frac{90 \times 1000 \mathrm{~m}}{60 \times 60 \mathrm{~s}}=25 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\)
Final velocity, v = 0
Acceleration, a = -0.5m/s²
Thus, distance travelled = ?
We know that, v² = u² + 2as

Question 13.
The adjacent diagram shows the velocity-time graph of the body.
a) During what time interval is the motion of the body accelerated?
Answer:
At 0 to 4 second

b) Find the acceleration in the time Interval mentioned in part ‘a’.
Answer:
\(\mathrm{a}=\frac{v-u}{t}=\frac{30-0}{4}=7.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\)

c) What is the distance travelled by the body in the time interval mentioned ¡n part ‘a’?
Answer:Distance travelled Area under the graph
= Area of the triangle = 1/2 bh
= 1/2 × 4 × 30 = 60m

Question 14.
The following graph shows the motion of a car. What do you infer from the graph along with OA and AB? What is the speed of the car along with AB and what time it reached this speed?
a) What do you infer from the graph along OÄ and AB
Answer:
Graph along with OA: The car travels with uniform acceleration and uniform motion.
Graph along with AB : The car travels with constant speed and unaccelerated motion.

b) What is the speed of the car along AB?
Answer:
Along AB : The speed of the car is constant.
From the graph, it seems the speed along AB is 72 km/hr.

c) What time it reached this speed
Answer:
It reaches this speed after 3.2 hours, that is, 3 hours, 12 minutes.

Question 15.
From the following table, check the shape of the graph.

Answer:

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Guide Pdf Chapter 16 Javascript Functions Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Solutions Chapter 16 Javascript Functions

11th Computer Applications Guide Javascript Functions Text Book Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
The parameters work as _______.
a) Local variable
b) Global Variable
c) File variable
d) block variable
Answer:
a) Local variable

Question 2.
Predefined functions are also called as _______.
a) Library functions
b) storage functions
c) instructions
d) commands
Answer:
a) Library functions

Question 3.
Larger programs are divided into smaller are called _______.
a) modules
b) block
c) sets
d) group
Answer:
a) modules

Question 4.
Which of the following is used to enhance reusability and program clarity?
a) functions
b) modules
c) sets
d) instructions
Answer:
a) functions

Question 5.
Which of the following allow the programmer to modularize a program?
a) Library functions
b) User defined functions
c) Normal functions
d) Ordinary functions
Answer:
b) User defined functions

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What is a function in JavaScript?
Answer:
A function is a block of JavaScript code that is defined once but may be executed or invoked any number of times.

Question 2.
What is the use of function?
Answer:

1. Functions are used to encapsulate code that performs a specific task.
2. Functions are used to keep code that performs a particular job in one place in order to enhance reusability and program clarity.

Question 3.
Write a note on Library functions.
Answer:
Pre-defined functions are already defined in the JavaScript library which are also called Library functions. For example isNaN(), toUpperCase(), toLowerCase(), length(), alert(), prompt(),write() etc., are pre-defined functions.

Question 4.
Write a note on user defined functions.
Answer:
User defined functions:

1. User-defined functions allow the programmer to modularize a program.
2. Most computer programs that solve real- world problems are much large, occupy more space in the computer memory and takes more time to execute.
3. Large programs are divided into small programs are called modules.

Question 5.
Write the syntax of functions.
Answer:
The syntax of a function definition is:
Function function-name(parameters list)

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
Write a program in JavaScript to find the cube of a number using function HTML CODE:
Answer:

OUTPUT:

Question 2.
Write a program in JavaScript to find the sum of 10 numbers using function.
Answer:

OUTPUT:

11th Computer Applications Guide Javascript Functions Additional Important Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
A _______ is a block of JavaScript code that is defined once but may be executed or invoked any number of times.
a) Loop
b) Function
c) Control structures
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Function

Question 2.
_______ are used to encapsulate code that performs a specific task.
a) Loop
b) Function
c) Control structures
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Function

Question 3.
_______ are defined for commonly required tasks to avoid the repetition entailed in typing the same statements over and over.
a) Loop
b) Function
c) Control structures
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Function

Question 4.
_______ are used to keep code that performs a particular job in one place in order to enhance reusability and program clarity.
a) Function
b) Loop
c) Control structures
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Function

Question 5.
JavaScript functions are _______.
a) Parameterized
b) Non-parameterized
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B

Question 6.
A _______ function definition may include a list of identifiers.
a) Parameterized
b) Non-parameterized
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Parameterized

Question 7.
A _______ function definition may Include a list of identifiers that work as local variables for the body of the function.
a) Parameterized
b) Non-parameterized
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Parameterized

Question 8.
Identify the correct statement from the following with respect to function.
a) Function invocations provide values or arguments for the function’s parameters.
b) Functions often use their argument values to compute a return value that becomes the value of the function invocation expression.
c) Sometimes functions are defined for commonly required tasks to avoid the repetition entailed in typing the same statements over and over.
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 9.
JavaScript supports types functions.
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five
Answer:
a) two

Question 10.
JavaScript supports _______ function.
a) Pre-defined
b) Library
c) User-defined
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 11.
Pre-defined functions are already defined in the JavaScript library which are also called _______ functions.
a) Automatic
b) Library
c) User-defined
d) All the above
Answer:
b) Library

Question 12.
_______ is library function.
a) isNaN()
b) toUpperCase()
c) toLowerCase()
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 13.
_______ is library function.
a) length() and alert()
b) prompt()
c) write()
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 14.
_______ is a pre-defined function.
a) toUpperCase()
b) toLowerCase()
c) alert()
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 15.
_______ is a pre-defined function.
a) parselnt()
b) parseFloat()
c) length()
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 16.
_______ functions allow the programmer to modularize a program.
a) Pre-defined
b) Library
c) User-defined
d) All the above
Answer:
c) User-defined

Question 17.
_______ function is used to convert given string into uppercase.
a) toUpperCase()
b) toLowerCase()
c) alert()
d) All the above
Answer:
a) toUpperCase()

Question 18.
_______ function is used to convert given string into lowercase.
a) toUpperCase()
b) toLowerCase()
c) alert()
d) All the above
Answer:
b) toLowerCase()

Question 19.
_______ function is used to find the length of the given string.
a) parselnt()
b) parseFloat()
c) length()
d) All the above
Answer:
c) length()

Question 20.
_______ function is used to convert the given value into an integer.
a) parselnt()
b) parseFloat()
c) length()
d) All the above
Answer:
a) parselnt()

Question 21.
_______ function is used to convert the given string value into an float.
a) parselnt()
b) parseFioat()
c) length()
d) All the above
Answer:
b) parseFioat()

Question 22.
The large programs are divided into small programs are called _______
a) Modules
b) Blocks
c) Groups
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Modules

Question 23.
The function-name is any valid _______.
a) Constant
b) Literals
c) Identifier
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Identifier

Question 24.
Parameter list contains more than one variable then _______ must be there between the variable.
a) Semicolon
b) Comma
c) Colon
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Comma

Question 25.
The function body must be enclosed by _______.
a) Square brackets
b) Curly braces
c) Angle brackets
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Angle brackets

Question 26.
The _______ function is used to check whether the given value or variable is valid number.
a) isNaN()
b) toUpperCase()
c) toLowerCase()
d) All the above
Answer:
a) isNaN()

Question 27.
_______ function returns true if the given value is not a number.
a) isNaN()
b) toUpperCase()
c) toLowerCase()
d) All the above
Answer:
a) isNaN()

Question 28.
The _______ method returns the element that has the ID attribute with the specified value.
a) getByld()
b) getElementByld()
c) getElementld()
d) None of these
Answer:
b) getElementByld()

Question 29.
_______ indicates the first option given in the question.
a) elements[0]
b) elements[l]
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) elements[0]

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What do you mean by parameterized function?
Answer:
A parameterized function definition may include a list of identifiers, known as parameters that work as local variables for the body of the function. Function invocations provide values or arguments for the function’s parameters

Question 2.
What are the functions supported by JavaScript?
Answer:
JavaScript supports two types functions. They are

1. Pre-defined or Library Functions
2. User-defined Functions

Question 3.
What is pre-defined function?
Answer:
Pre-defined functions: Pre-defined functions are already defined in the JavaScript library which are also called Library functions.

Question 4.
List some pre-defined functions.
Answer:
The following are pre-defined functions in JavaScript.

1. isNaN()
2. toUpperCase()
3. toLowerCase()
4. length()
5. alert()
6. prompt()
7. write()

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
Tabulate some pre-defined functions and its function with an example.
Answer:

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Write a program in JavaScript for adding two numbers using function.
Answer:
HTML CODE

OUTPUT:

Question 2.
Write a program in JavaScript to test isNan() Function.
Answer:
HTML CODE

OUTPUT:

Question 3.
Write a Javascript to create on-line quiz.
Answer:
HTML CODE

OUTPUT:

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Guide Pdf Chapter 18 Tamil Computing Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Solutions Chapter 18 Tamil Computing

11th Computer Applications Guide Tamil Computing Text Book Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
List of the search engines supporting Tamil.
Answer:
Google and Bing provide searching facilities in Tamil, which means we can search everything through Tamil.

Question 2.
What are the keyboard layouts used in Android?
Answer:
Sellinam and Ponmadal – are familiar Tamil keyboard layouts that works on Android operating system in Smart phone using phonetics.

Question 3
Write a short note about Tamil Programming Language.
Answer:
Based on Python programming language, the first Tamil programming language “Ezhil” (sr^leo) is designed. With the help of this programming language, we can write simple programs in Tamil.

Question 4.
What TSCII?
Answer:
TSCII (Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange) is the first coding system to handle our Tamil language in an analysis of an encoding scheme that is easily handled in electronic devices, including non-English computers. This encoding scheme was registered in IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) unit of ICANN.

Question 5.
Write a short note on Tamil Virtual Academy
Answer:
Tamil Virtual Academy:
With the objectives of spreading Tamil to the entire world through internet, Tamil Virtual University was established on 17th February 2001 by the Govt, of Tamilnadu.

Now, this organisation functioning with the name “Tamil Virtual Academy”. This organisation offers different courses regarding Tamil language, Culture, heritage etc., from kindergarten to under graduation level.

Website: http://www.tamilvu.org/index.php

11th Computer Applications Guide Tamil Computing Additional Important Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
In India, _______ are using the Internet in Tamil based on Google and KPMG report.
a) 42%
b) 50%
c) 22%
d) 40%
Answer:
a) 42%

Question 2.
________ internet users consider local language digital content to be more reliable than English.
a) 74%
b) 68%
c) 42%
d) 28%
Answer:
b) 68%

Question 3.
Currently, ________ has the highest Internet adoption levels followed by the Indian language users.
a) Hindi
b) Kannada
c) Tamil
d) Telugu
Answer:
c) Tamil

Question 4
In 2021 onwards, ________ of people in India will access internet using Tamil.
a) 74%
b) 68%
c) 42%
d) 28%
Answer:
a) 74%

Question 5.
The _______ are used to search any information from the cyber space,
a) Search Engines
b) Browsers
c) Cookies
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Search Engines

Question 6.
In the top ten search engines, ________ takes first place.
a) Google
b) Bing
c) Yahoo
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Google

Question 7.
In the top ten search engines, _______ takes second place.
a) Google
b) Bing
c) Yahoo
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Bing

Question 8.
In the top ten search engines, takes third place.
a) Google
b) Bing
c) Yahoo
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Yahoo

Question 9.
_______ Search engine provides searching facilities in Tamil.
a) Google
b) Bing
c) Yahoo
d) Google and Bing
Answer:
d) Google and Bing

Question 10.
A _______ search engine gives you an inbuilt Tamil virtual keyboard.
a) Google
b) Bing
c) Yahoo
d) Google and Bing
Answer:
a) Google

Question 11.
Getting Government services through internet is known as _______.
a) e-Services
b) e-Governance
c) Web Governance
d) None of these
Answer:
b) e-Governance

Question 12.
Outside India, Government of _______ provides all their services through the official website in Tamil.
a) Srilanka
b) Canada
c) Nepal
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Srilanka

Question 13.
_______ are portal or website of collection of e-books.
a) E-Libraries
b) E-Learning
c) E-Content
d) None of these
Answer:
a) E-Libraries

Question 14.
_______ is a familiar Tamil keyboard interfaces software that is used for Tamil typing which works on Tamil Unicode, using phonetics.
a) NHM Writer
b) E-Kalappai
c) Lippikar
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 15.
________ is a familiar Tamil keyboard layouts that works on Android operating system in Smart phone using phonetics.
a) Sellinam
b) Ponmadal
c) Sellinam and Ponmadal
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Sellinam and Ponmadal

Question 16.
________ office automation software provides complete Tamil interface facility.
a) Microsoft Office
b) Open Office
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B

Question 17.
_______ is office automation software working exclusively for Tamil.
a) Azhagi Unicode Editor
b) Ponmozhi & Menthamiz
c) Kamban and Vani
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 18.
________ is a Tamil translation application having more than 30000 Tamil words equivalent to English words.
a) Thamizpori
b) Sellinam
c) Ponmadal
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Thamizpori

Question 19.
The first Tamil programming language is _______.
a) Thamizpori
b) Ezhil
c) Kamban
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Ezhil

Question 20.
With the help of _______ programming language, you can write simple programs in Tamil.
a) Thamizpori
b) Ezhil
c) Kamban
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Ezhil

Question 21.
Expand TSCII _______.
a) Telugu Script Code for Information Interchange
b) Total Script Code for Information Interchange
c) Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange
d) Technical Script Code for Information Interchange
Answer:
c) Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange

Question 22.
Computers are handle data and information as _______ system.
a) Binary
b) Decimal
c) Ocal
d) Hexa decimal
Answer:
a) Binary

Question 23.
The ASCII encoding system is applicable only for handling _______ language.
a) English
b) Hindi
c) French
d) Tamil
Answer:
a) English

Question 24.
________ is the first coding System to handle our Tamil language in an analysis of an encoding scheme that is easily handled in electronic devices, including non-English computers.
a) ASCII
b) TSCII
c) EBCDIC
d) None of these
Answer:
b) TSCII

Question 25.
IANA means _______.
a) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
b) Internet Assigned Names Authority
c) Internet Access Numbers Authority
d) Intranet Assigned Numbers Authority
Answer:
a) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

Question 26.
Expand ISCII
a) International Script Code for Information Interchange
b) Internet Script Code for Information Interchange
c) Indian Script Code for Information Interchange
d) Instant Script Code for Information Interchange
Answer:
c) Indian Script Code for Information Interchange

Question 27.
________ encoding schemes specially designed for Indian languages including Tamil.
a) ASCII
b) EBCDIC
c) BCD
d) ISCII
Answer:
d) ISCII

Question 28.
________ is an encoding system, designed to handle various world languages, including Tamil.
a) ASCII
b) EBCDIC
c) UNICODE
d) ISCII
Answer:
c) UNICODE

Question 29.
Unicode first version 1.0.0 was introduced on _______.
a) October 1991
b) October 2001
c) October 1993
d) October 1999
Answer:
a) October 1991

Question 30.
A(n) _______ is needed to access electronic systems such as computer and smart phone.
a) Browser
b) Operating system
c) Search Engine
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Operating system

Question 31.
Identify the correct statement from the following.
a) An operating system should be easy to work and its environment should be in understandable form.
b) Windows Tamil Environment interface shows all windows elements such as Taskbar, desktop elements, names of icons, commands in Tamil.
c) Among the various encoding scheme, Unicode is the suitable to handle Tamil.
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 32.
Tamil Virtual University was established oh _____ by the Govt, of Tamilnadu.
a) 17th February 1991 V
b) 17th February 2011
c) 17th February 2001
d) 27th February 2001
Answer:
c) 17th February 2001

Question 33.
________ organisation offers different courses regarding Tamil language, Culture, heritage etc., from kindergarten to under graduation level.
a) Tamil Virtual Institute
b) Tamil Virtual Academy
c) Tamil Virtual Association
d) Tamil Virtual Organisation
Answer:
b) Tamil Virtual Academy

Question 34.
________ is an open and voluntary initiative to collect and publish free electronic editions of ancient tamil literary classics.
a) Project Madurai
b) Project Tamilnadu
c) Project Madras
d) Project Nellai
Answer:
a) Project Madurai

Question 35.
In 1998, Project Madurai released in Tamil script form as per ________ encoding.
a) ASCII
b) TSCII
c) BCD
d) None of these
Answer:
b) TSCII

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
Write note on search engines.
Answer:
The “Search Engines” are used to search any information from the cyber space. Although there are many search engines, but only a few of them are frequently in use. In the top ten search engines, Google, Bing and Yahoo are takes first three places respectively.

Question 2.
Which search engine provide inbuilt Tamil virtual keyboard.
Answer:
The Google search engine gives you an inbuilt Tamil virtual keyboard.

Question 3.
Write note on E-Library.
Answer:
E-Libraries are portal or website of collection of e-books. Tamil e-Library services provide thousands of Tamil Books as ebooks mostly at free of cost. It is the most useful service to Tamil people who live far away from their home land.

Question 4.
Write about Tamil translation application.
Answer:
Thamizpori is a Tamil translation application having more than 30000 Tamil words equalent to English words. Using this application, we can transaite small English sentences into Tamil.

Google also gives an online translation facility, using this online facility we can translate from Tamil to any other language vice versa.

Question 5.
Write about Project Madurai.
Answer:
Project Madurai:
Project Madurai is an open and voluntary initiative to collect and publish free electronic editions of ancient tamil literary classics. This means either typing-in or scanning old books and archiving the text in one of the most readily accessible formats for use on all popular computer platforms. Since its launch in 1998, Project Madurai released in Tamil script form as per TSCII encoding. Since 2004 they started releasing ebooks in Tamil Unicode as well.

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
Write note on e-Governance,
Answer:
Getting Government services through internet is known as e-Governance. Government of Tamilnadu has been giving its services through Internet. One can communicate with Government of Tamilnadu from any corner of the state. One can get important announcements, government orders, and government welfare schemes from the web portal of Government Of Tamilnadu.

Question 2.
List the website address of popular e-Libraries.
Answer:

Question 3.
List the familiar Tamil keyboard interfaces and Tamil keyboard layouts.
Answer:

1. NHM Writer, E-Kalappai and Lippikar – are familiar Tamil keyboard interfaces software that is used for Tamil typing which works on Tamil Unicode, using phonetics.
2. Sellinam and Ponrpadal – are familiar Tamil keyboard layouts ,that works on Android operating system in Smart phone using phonetics.

Question 4.
Write note on Unicode.
Answer:
Unicode is an encoding system, designed to handle various world languages, including Tamil. Its first version 1.0.0 was introduced on October 1991. While introduction of this scheme, can be able to handle nearly 23 languages including Tamil. Among the various encoding scheme, Unicode is the suitable to handle Tamil.

Question 5.
Write note on Tamil operating system.
Answer:
An operating system should be easy to work and its environment should be in understandable form. Thus, all operating systems used in computers and smart phones offered environment in Tamil.

Windows Tamil Environment interface should be downloading and install from internet. It shows all windows elements such as Taskbar, desktop elements, names of icons, commands in Tamil.

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Detail

Question 1.
Write about Tamil Office Automation Applications.
Answer:
Famous Office automation software like Microsoft Office, Open Office etc., provides complete Tamil interface facility. These softwares are downloadable and installed in your computer. After installation, our office automation software environment will completely changed to Tamil. Menu bars, names of icons, dialog boxes will be shown in Tamil. Moreover, you can save files with Tamil names and create folders with Tamil names.

Libra Office Writer Environment in Tamil:

Apart from that Tamil Libra Office, Tamil Open Office, Azhagi Unicode Editor, Ponmozhi, Menthamiz, Kamban, Vani are office automation software working exclusively for Tamil. These applications are designed to work completely in Tamil.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Guide Pdf Chapter 13 CSS – Cascading Style Sheets Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Solutions Chapter 13 CSS – Cascading Style Sheets

11th Computer Applications Guide CSS – Cascading Style Sheets Text Book Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
Expansion of CSS _________.
a) Cascading Style Schools
b) Cascading Style Scheme
c) Cascading Style Sheets
d) Cascading Style Shares
Answer:
c) Cascading Style Sheets

Question 2.
Which of the following is the page leval style?
a) <Page>
b) <Style>
c) <Link>
d) <H>
Answer:
b) <Style>

Question 3.
CSS is also called as:
a) Sitewide Style Sheets
b) Internal Style Sheets
c) Inline Style Sheets
d) Internal Inline Sheets
Answer:
a) Sitewide Style Sheets

Question 4.
The extension of CSS file is _________.
a) ssc
b) css
c) esc
d) htm
Answer:
b) css

Question 5.
What is selector?
a) Property
b) Value
c) HTML tag
d) name
Answer:
c) HTML tag

Question 6.
The Declaration block of CSS is surrounded by
a) ( )
b) [ ]
c) { }
d) <>
Answer:
c) { }

Question 7.
The declaration should be terminated by
a) :
b) ;
c) .
d) ,
Answer:
b) ;

Question 8.
What is the property to set text as bold?
a) Font-Style
b) Font-Weight
c) Font-Property
d) Font-Bold
Answer:
b) Font-Weight

Question 9.
Which of the following indicates that the text included is a comment?
a) /* */
b) !* *!
c) <* *>
d) \* *\
Answer:
a) /* */

Question 10.
Which of the following ways below is correct to write a CSS?
a) p {coloured; text-align:center>;
b) p {coloured; text-align:center>
c) p {coloured; text-align:center;>
d) p (coloured;text-align:center;)
Answer:
b) p {coloured; text-align:center>

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What is the use of <style> tag?
Answer:
For example, if we want to display <h3> tag in a particular font style and size with blue colour in the entire page,we can use <style> tag to define its properties in head section as follows.

Question 2.
What is CSS?
Answer:

1. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are also called as Sitewide Style sheets or external style. CSS is a style sheet language used for describing the formatting of a document written in HTML.
2. Using CSS, we can control the font colour, font style, spacing between pages, columns size, border colour, background image or colour and various other effects in a web page.
3. In external styles, we can store all style information in a separate file and include it in your web pages using an HTML tag.
4. The separate file should be saved with the extension .css

Question 3.
Write the general format of linking CSS with HTML.
Answer:
General format of linking CSS with HTML
<Link rel = “stylesheet” type = “text/css” href = CSS_File_Name_with_Extension>

Example:

Question 4.
What is Inline Style?
Answer:
Inline style is used to define style for a particular tag anywhere in an HTML document. We can define styles for any tag within an HTML document. But it is applicable only on that line where it is defined . If we use the same tag, again in the same document, it does not reflect the new style.

Question 5.
Write down general format of CSS declaration.
Answer:
CSS declaration- General format:
Selector Declaration
HTML Tag { Properties : Values; >

Example:

PART – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
What are the advantages of using CSS? Advantages of CSS
Answer:

1. Maintainability -CSS are also defined and stored as separate files. So, the style and appearance of a web page can be dynamically changed and maintain with less effort.
2. Reusability – The styles defined in CSS can be reused in multiple HTML pages.
3. Easy to understand – The tags in web pages are well organized with style specifications and therefore it is easy to understand.

Question 2.
Write a short note on rule of CSS.
Answer:
CSS – Style definition rules:

1. CSS style declaration consists of two major parts; Selector and Declaration.
2. The Selector refers an HTML tag in which you want to apply styles.
3. The Declaration is a block of code contains style definition. It should be surrounded by curly braces.
4. We can include any number of properties for each selector, and they must be separated by semicolons.
5. The property name and its value should be separated by a colon.
6. Each declaration should be terminated by a semicolon (; ).

Question 3.
Write a CSS file to define text color and alignment to <p> tag.
Answer:

Question 4.
Write a CSS file to define font type, style and size to <hl> tag.
Answer:

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Write an HTML document to display the following paragraph as per the given description Using CSS:
Answer:

1. Font Name : Cooper Black
2. Style : Bold Italics
3. Color: Blue

“The State Institute of Education (SIE) was estabiished in 1965 to provide for systematic study of problems relating to School Education under the administration of Directorate of School Education.”

HTML CODE:

Output:

Question 2.
List and explain the Font and text element properties and values used CSS.
Answer:

11th Computer Applications Guide CSS – Cascading Style Sheets Additional Important Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers:

Question 1.
A _________ tag is used to change the default characteristics of a particular tag in the entire web document wherever that tag is used.
a) <Style>
b) <Default>
c) <DS>
d) None of these
Answer:
a) <Style>

Question 2.
The _________ tag controls the presentation styles of a particular HTML document.
a) <Style>
b) <Default>
c) <DS>
d) None of these
Answer:
a) <Style>

Question 3.
The <style> tags are called as _________.
a) Page-Level Styles
b) Internal Style sheets
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B

Question 4.
_________ is defined and implemented only within an HTML document.
a) Internal Style Sheet
b) External Style Sheet
c) Global Style Sheet
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Internal Style Sheet

Question 5.
If we want use the same style to multiple pages, we should define styles as a separate style file. These separate style files are known as _________.
a) Sitewide Style Sheets
b) External Style Sheets
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B

Question 6.
Professional web developers do not use _________ styles.
a) External
b) Internal
c) Global
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Internal

Question 7.
_________ style is used to define style for a particular tag anywhere in an HTML document.
a) External
b) Internal
c) Global
d) Inline
Answer:
d) Inline

Question 8.
CSS means _________.
a) Cascading Style Sheets
b) Cascading Structure Sheets
c) Cascading Style Structure
d) Cascading Standard Sheets
Answer:
a) Cascading Style Sheets

Question 9.
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are also called as _________ style.
a) Sitewide Style Sheets
b) External Style Sheets
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B

Question 10.
_________ is a style sheet language used for describing the formatting of a document written in HTML.
a) Inline
b) CSS
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) CSS

Question 11.
Using ________,we can control the font colour, font style, spacing between pages, columns size, border colour, background image or colour and varIous other effects In a web page.
a) Inline
b) CSS
C) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) CSS

Question 12.
In ______ styles, you can store all style Information In a separate file and Include It In your web pages usIng an HTML tag.
a) External
b) Inline
c) Global
d) Default
Answer:
a) External

Question 13.
External Style Sheets file should be saved with the extension ________.
a) .ESS
b) .CSS
c) ISS
d) None of these
Answer:
b) .CSS

Question 14.
The styles defined in _________ can be reused In multiple HTML pages.
a) Inline
b) OES
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) OES

Question 15.
CSS was Invented by ________.
a) KakonWium Lie
b) Ken Thompson
c) Tim Berty
d) Charles Babbage
Answer:
a) KakonWium Lie

Question 16.
CSS was Invented on _________.
a) September , 10 1994
b) October ,10 1996
c) October ,10 1994
d) October ,20 1994
Answer:
c) October ,10 1994

Question 17.
CSS Is maIntained through a group of people within the W3C called the ________.
a) OES Working Group
b) OES Monitoring Group
c) OES Working Forum
d) OES Working Members
Answer:
a) OES Working Group

Question 18.
CSS styla declaration consists of _________ major parts.
a) five
b) three
c) four
d) two
Answer:
d) two

Question 19.
CSS style declaration consists of______ part.
a) Selector
b) Declaration
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B

Question 20.
The ______ refers an HTML tag In whIch you want to apply styles.
a) Selector
b) Declaration
c) Both A and B
d) None of these.
Answer:
a) Selector

Question 21.
The _______ is a block of code contains style definition.
a) Selector
b) Declaration
c) Both A and B
d) None of these.
Answer:
b) Declaration

Question 22.
The declaration block of code should be surrounded by ________ braces.
a) Curly
b) Square
c) Angle
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Curly

Question 23.
In the declaration part of OES, the property name and its value should be separated by a _______.
a) Semicolon
b) Comma
c) Colon
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Colon

Question 24.
Each declaration of OES should be terminated by a ________.
a) Semicolon
d) Comma
c) Colon
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Semicolon

Question 25.
In CSS, ______ is the property for changing text colour.
a) Color
b) Text-align
c) Background-color
d) Font-family
Answer:
a) Color

Question 26.
In CSS, ______ is the property for changing text alignment.
a) Color
b) Text-align
c) Background-color
d) Font-family
Answer:
b) Text-align

Question 27.
In OES, ______ is the property for changing font type.
a) Color
b) Text-align
c) Background-color
d) Font-family
Answer:
d) Font-family

Question 28.
In CSS, ______ Is the property for changing font style.
a) Font-style
b) Font-weight
c) Font-size
d) Border
Answer:
a) Font-style

Question 29.
In CSSS ______ is the property far changing font style(Bold)
a) Font-style
b) Font-weight
C) Font-size
d) Border
Answer:
b) Font-weight

Question 30.
In CSS, ______ Is the property for changing font size.
a) Font-style
b) Font-weight
c) Font-size
d) Border
Answer:
c) Font-size

Question 31.
In CSS, ______ is the property for changing background colour.
a) Font-style
b) Font-weight
c) Background-color
d) Border
Answer:
c) Background-color

Question 32.
In CSS, ________ is the property for changing border.
a) Font-style
b) Font-weight
c) Font-size
d) Border
Answer:
d) Border

Question 33.
In CSS, ________ is the property for changing background image.
a) Background-image
b) Background-repeat
c) Background-position
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 34.
In CSS, ________ is the property for changing paragraph margin.
a) Margin-top / Margin-bottom
b) Margin-left
c) Margin-right
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 35.
HTML supports nearly ________ colour names.
a) 256
b) 512
c) 140
d) 150
Answer:
c) 140

Question 36.
The ________ tag is used to add CSS file with HTML in head section.
a) <Linking>
b) <Link>
c) <Hlink>
d) None of these
Answer:
b) <Link>

Question 37.
________ is the attribute of <Link> tag.
a) Rel
b) Type
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B

Question 38.
The _______ attribute is used to link the .css file.
a) HREF
b) SRC
c) DYNSRC
d) None of these
Answer:
a) HREF

Question 39.
________ is a comment in style sheet.
a) <!>
b) /* */
c) —
d) None of these
Answer:
b) /* */

Question 40.
________ provides powerful control over the presentation of an HTML document.
a) CSS
b) HREF
c) Link
d) None of these
Answer:
a) CSS

Question 41.
Most commonly, CSS is combined with the markup language ________.
a) HTML
b) XHTML
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What do you mean by Page-Level Styles or Internal Style sheets?
Answer:
The <style> tag controls the presentation styles of a particular HTML document. If you want to use a particular tag with the same style applied in one HTML document to another is not possible. Thus, the <style> tags are called as “Page-Level Styles” or “Internal Style sheets”.

Question 2.
What is restriction of internal sheet?
Answer:
The “Internal Style Sheet” is defined and implemented only within an HTML document.

Question 3.
What do you mean by Sitewide Style sheets or External Style Sheets.
Answer:
If we want use the same style to multiple pages, we should define styles as a separate style file. These separate style files are known as Sitewide Style sheets or External Style Sheets.

Question 4.
Write note on inline style.
Answer:
Inline style is used to define style for a particular tag anywhere in an HTML document. We can define styles for any tag within an HTML document. But it is applicable only on that line where it is defined. If we use the same tag, again in the same document, it does not reflect the new style.

Question 5.
Write about CSS Comments.
Answer:
Many times, we may need to put additional comments in our style sheet blocks. We can simply put our comments inside.
/* this is a comment in style sheet */

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
Explain Sitewide Style Sheet.
Answer:
Sitewide Style Sheets:
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are also called as Sitewide Styie sheets or external style. CSS is a style sheet language used for describing the formatting of a document written in HTML, Using CSS, you can control the font colour, font style, spacing between pages, columns size, border colour, background image or colour and various other effects in a web page.

In external styles, we can store all style information in a separate file and include it in your web pages using an HTML tag. The separate file should be saved with the extension .css

Question 2.
How will link CSS with HTML?
Answer:
Linking CSS with HTML:
The <link> tag is used to add CSS file with HTML in head section. While using <link> tag, the following attributes are also included along with standard values.

• rel = “stylesheet”
• type = “text/css”
• The href attribute is used to link the .css file.

General format of <Link> tag
<Link rel = “stylesheet” type = “text/css” href = CSS_File_Name_with_Extension>

HTML Code for Formatting HTML element through CSS:

Output:

Question 3.
Write HTML code to change the background colour of browser using CSS.
Answer:

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Tabulate CSS – Frequently using background image and paragraph margin formatting Properties and Values.
Answer:

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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Guide Pdf Chapter 15 Control Structure in JavaScript Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Solutions Chapter 15 Control Structure in JavaScript

11th Computer Applications Guide Control Structure in JavaScript Text Book Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
Which conditional statement is used to transfer control from current statement to another statement?
a) Branching
b) Sequencing
c) Looping
d) Iterating
Answer:
a) Branching

Question 2.
________ statement can be used as alterative to if-efse statement,
a) While
b) If
c) Eise-if
d) Switch
Answer:
d) Switch

Question 3.
Which statement in switch case is used to exit the statement once the appropriate choice is found?
a) Exit
b) Default
c) Case
d) Break
Answer:
d) Break

Question 4.
Which of the following is not a looping statement?
a) Switch
b) While
c) Do-While
d) For
Answer:
a) Switch

Question 5.
Which part of the loop statement determines the number of times, the loop will be iterated?
a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Final
Answer:
b) Second

Question 6.
Which of the following is not a branching statement?
a) Loop
b) If-else
c) Switch
d) For
Answer:
a) Loop

Question 7.
What will be the output for the following snippet:
For (var n=0; n<10; n++)
{
if (n==3)
{
break;
}
document write (n+”<br>”);
}
a) 0 1 2
b) 0 1 2 3
c) 0 1 2 3 4
d) 0, 1, 3
Answer:
a) 0 1 2

Question 8.
In which loop the condition is evaluated, before executing a statement?
a) While
b) Do while
c) Break
d) Continue
Answer:
a) While

Question 9.
The ________ statement is especially useful when testing all the possible results of an expression.
a) While
b) Do while
c) Switch
d) If
Answer:
c) Switch

Question 10.
In the ________ loop, body of the loop always executed at least once before the condition can be executed.
a) For
b) While
c) If
d) Do while
Answer:
d) Do while

Question 11.
<script type = “text / javascript”>
x = 6 + “3”;
document write (x);
</script> what will be the output?
a) 6
b) 9
c) 63
d) Error
Answer:
c) 63

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What are the different types of control statement used in JavaScript?
Answer:
There are two types of control statements are used in JavaScript. They are:

1. Branching / Selection
2. Looping / Repetitive

Question 2.
What is meant by conditional statements in JavaScript?
Answer:
Statements are executed in the order they are found in a script. Conditional statements execute or skip one or set of statements depending on the value of a specified conditional expression.

Conditional Statements help to alter the normal sequence of execution of a program by two types of controls – Branching and Looping.

Question 3.
List out the various branching statements in JavaScript.
Answer:
There are different branching statements. They are:

1. if statement
2. if… else statement
3. else if statement
4. switch statement

Question 4.
Write the general syntax for switch statement.
Answer:
The syntax of a switch statement: switch (expression)

Question 5.
Differentiate the break and continue statement.
Answer:
JavaScript also supports statements used to modify flow control, specifically break and continue.

1. The break statement will terminate the loop early i.e. before the normal exit condition.
2. The continue statement will skip back to the loop condition check. When the continue statement is
3. executed, the current iteration of the enclosing loop is terminated, and the next iteration begins.

PART – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
What is if statement and write its types.
Answer:
The if statement is the fundamental control statement that allows JavaScript to make decisions to execute statements conditionally. This statement has two forms. The first form is for only true condition.
The syntax is
if (condition)
{
True block;
}
In (fie if form, condition contains relational/ logical expression is evaluated. If the resulting value is true the true block is executed. True block may contain one or more than one statement.

For example:

The Output will be:

The second form of the if statement is an else clause that is the program to follow either of two branches depending on the condition. In the simple if construction, no special processing is performed when the condition evaluates to false. But if processing must follow one of two paths, hence need to use if…else format.

Its syntax is:

This form is similar to if statement but the only difference is the else keyword, which provides an alternate path for execution to follow if the condition evaluates to false.

Example:

Output:

Question 2.
Write the syntax for else-if statement.
Answer:
Syntax:

Question 3.
What is called a loop and what are its types?
Answer:
In JavaScript there are times when the same portion of code needs to be executed many times with slightly different values is called Loops. JavaScript supports three kinds of looping statements. They are

• for loop
• while loop
• do..while loop

Question 4.
Differentiate between while and do while statements.
Answer:

1. An important difference between while and do..while statement is in the do..while loop body of the loop always executed at least once before the condition can be executed.
2. In a while loop, first condition will be evaluated and then only based on the result of the condition the body of the loop will be executed or not.

Question 5.
What message will be displayed, if the input for age is given as 20, for the following snippet, if (ago = 18)
Answer:

Output:

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Explain for loop with example.
Answer:
for loop :
The for loop is a very rigid structure that loops for a pre-set number of times. In JavaScript for structure is very flexible, which makes this type is very useful.
for (initialization; condition; increment/ decrement)
{
Body of the loop;
}
The for structure within parenthesis there are three parts each separated by semicolon. They are:

1. The first part of the loop initialize a variable which is also called as control variable. In most case the control variable is declared as well as initialized.
2. The second part is the conditional statement that determines how many times the loop will be iterated.
3. The third and final part determines how the value of control variable is changed (Incremented/Decremented)

Example:
HTML CODE

OUTPUT:

Question 2.
Explain switch case statement with example.
Answer:
Switch case Statement:
JavaScripts offers the switch statement as an alternate to using if…else structure. The switch statement is especially useful when testing all the possible results of an expression.
The syntax of a switch structure as the following:

Working of switch statement:
The switch statement begins by evaluating an expression placed between parenthesis, much like the if statement. The result compared to labels associated with case structure that follow the switch statement. If the result is equal to a label, the statements in the corresponding case structure are executed.

The default structure is can be at the end of a switch structure if the result of the expression that do not match any of the case labels. The break statement is also used commonly within switch to exit the statement once the appropriate choice is found.

Example:
HTML CODE

Output:

Question 3.
Write the output for the following program.
Answer:

Output:

Question 4.
Write a Java Script program using while statement to display 10 numbers.
Answer:
HTML CODE:

Output:

11th Computer Applications Guide Control Structure in JavaScript Additional Important Questions and Answers

Part – I

I. Choose The Correct Answers

Question 1.
________ statements execute or skip one or set of statements depending on the value of a specified conditional expression.
a) Conditional
b) Sequential
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Conditional

Question 2.
There are _______ types of control statements in JavaScript.
a) four
b) five
c) two
d) three
Answer:
c) two

Question 3.
________ is a control statement in JavaScript.
a) Branching / Selection
b) Looping / repetitive
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B

Question 4.
________ is a transfer of control from the current statement to another statement or construct in the program unit.
a) Branching Selection
b) Looping / repetitive
c) Selection
d) Both A and C
Answer:
d) Both A and C

Question 5.
_______ statement is a branching statement.
a) if., else
b) else if
c) switch
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 6.
The if statement has _______ forms.
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five
Answer:
a) two

Question 7.
The _______ statement evaluates an expression and executes one of two pieces of code, depending on the outcome.
a) if.. else
b) else if
c) switch
d) All the above
Answer:
a) if.. else

Question 8.
The statement to specify a new condition if the first condition is false.
a) if… else
b) else if
c) switch
d) All the above
Answer:
b) else if

Question 9.
_______ is a series of if statements.
a) if.. else
b) else if
c) switch
d) All the above
Answer:
b) else if

Question 10.
JavaScripts offers the _______ statement as an alternate to using if…else structure
a) if.. else
b) else if
c) switch
d) All the above
Answer:
c) switch

Question 11.
The _______ statement is especially useful when testing all the possible results of an expression.
a) if.. else
b) for
c) switch
d) do..while
Answer:
c) switch

Question 12.
The _______ structure can be at the end of a switch structure if the result of the expression that do not match any of the case labels.
a) default
b) break
c) continue
d) None of these
Answer:
a) default

Question 13.
The _______ statement is used commonly within switch to exit the statement once the appropriate choice is found.
a) default
b) break
c) continue
d) None of these
Answer:
b) break

Question 14.
In JavaScript there are times when the same portion of code needs to be executed many times with slightly different values Is called _______.
a) Loops
b) Branching
c) Multiple branching
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Loops

Question 15.
JavaScript supports _______ kinds of looping statements.
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five
Answer:
b) three

Question 16.
JavaScript supports _______ kinds of looping statement.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above

Question 17.
The _______ loop is a very rigid structure that loops for a pre-set number of times
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) All the above
Answer:
a) for

Question 18.
In JavaScript _______ loop structure is very flexible.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) All the above
Answer:
a) for

Question 19.
In JavaScript _______ loop structure is very useful.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) All the above
Answer:
a) for

Question 20.
The for structure within parenthesis there are _______ parts.
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five
Answer:
b) three

Question 21.
The for structure parts are separated by _______.
a) Comma
b) Colon
c) Semicolon
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Semicolon

Question 22.
In for loop, the first part of the loop _______ a variable.
a) Initialize
b) Test
c) Alter
d) All the above
Answer:
a) Initialize

Question 23.
The first part of the loop initialize a variable which is also called as _______ variable.
a) Control
b) Local
c) Global
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Control

Question 24.
The _______ part of a for loop is the conditional statement that determines how many times the loop will be iterated.
a) first
b) second
c) third
d) None of these
Answer:
b) second

Question 25.
The _______ part determines how the value of control variable is changed.
a) first
b) second
c) third
d) None of these
Answer:
c) third

Question 26.
The _______ statement will terminate the loop early.
a) continue
b) break
c) goto
d) None of these
Answer:
b) break

Question 27.
The _______ statement will skip back to the loop condition check.
a) continue
b) break
c) goto
d) None of these
Answer:
a) continue

Question 28.
When the _______ statement is executed, the current iteration of the enclosing loop is terminated, and the next iteration begins.
a) continue
b) break
c) goto
d) None of these
Answer:
a) continue

Question 29.
In _______ loop statement, the condition is evaluated before executing the statement.
a) for
b) while
c) do…while
d) Both A and B
Answer:
d) Both A and B

Question 30.
In _______ loop statement, the condition is evaluated after executing the statement.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) Both A and B
Answer:
c) do..while

Question 31.
In _______ loop, the body of the loop is always executed at least once.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) Both A and B
Answer:
c) do..while

Question 32.
In _______ loop, there is no guarantee for the execution of the body of the loop atleast once.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) Both A and B
Answer:
d) Both A and B

Question 33.
In a _______ loop, first condition will be evaluated and then only based on the result of the condition the body of the loop will be executed or not.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) Both A and B
Answer:
d) Both A and B

Question 34.
In the _______ loop body of the loop always executed at least once before the condition can be executed.
a) for
b) while
c) do..while
d) Both A and B
Answer:
c) do..while

Question 35.
The _______ statement terminates the loop irrespective of the condition.
a) break
b) continue
c) for
d) do..while
Answer:
a) break

Question 36.
The _______ statement executes the next iteration of the loop.
a) break
b) continue
c) for
d) do..while
Answer:
b) continue

Question 37.
The _______ statement is commonly used to exit the statement once the appropriate choice is found.
a) break
b) continue
c) for
d) do. .while
Answer:
a) break

Part – II

II. Very Short Answers

Question 1.
What is branching statement?
Answer:
Branching Statements:
JavaScript supports branching statements which are used to perform different actions based on different conditions. Branching is a transfer of control from the current statement to another statement or construct in the program unit. A branch alters the execution sequence.

Question 2.
Write the syntax of if..else statement.
Answer:
Syntax :
if (expression)
{
statements if true
}
else
{
statements if false
}

Question 3.
What is the output of the following html code?
Answer:

Output:
9

Part – III

III. Short Answers

Question 1.
What are the functions of the for loop parts?
Answer:
The for structure within parenthesis there are three parts each separated by semicolon.
They are:

1. The first part of the loop initialize a variable which is also called as control variable. In most case the control variable is declared as well as initialized.
2. The second part is the conditional statement that determines how many times the loop will be iterated.
3. The third and final part determines how the value of control variable is changed (Incremented/Decremented)

Question 2.
Write script for the following criteria.
Answer:

Output:

Part – IV

IV. Explain In Brief

Question 1.
Explain while loop with suitable example.
Answer:
while loop:
In JavaScript bop is most basic loop. The purpose of a while loop is to execute a statement / block of statement as long as an expression is true. The while statement -crates a loop that executes a specified statement as long as the test condition evaluates to true. The condition is evaluated before executing the statement.

The syntax is::

Output:

To execute a while statement, the interpreter first evaluates expression. If the value of the expression is true the interpreter executes the statement and repeats, jumping back to the top of the loop and evaluating expression again. In the above example let us see how the while command is executed,

• Initial value of the variable no2 is set to 0.
• The expression in the while statement is executed.
• If the condition is true then body of the loop will be executed once otherwise body of the loop will be skipped and control will jump to next statement to end of the loop.
• Then the value of the control variable is executed and control jumps to condition again go to step 3

Question 2.
Explain while loop with suitable example, do.. while loop:
Answer:
The do..while loop is like a while loop, except that the loop expression is tested at the end of the loop rather than at the beginning. This means that the body of the loop is always executed at least once.

The syntax is:
do
{
body of the loop
} while (expression);
An important difference between while and do..while statement is in the do..while loop body of the loop always executed at least once before the condition can be executed. In a while loop, first condition will be evaluated and then only based on the result of the condition the body of the loop will be executed or not.

Example:

Output: